Oncolytic viruses — viruses that can selectively replicate in cancer cells and kill them — have been steadily attracting investment and curiosity. However, for the most part, those candidates have not quite panned out to the extent their backers hope.
But now, one new biotech claims it can actually meet that bar.
VacV Biotherapeutics emerged from stealth in the UK early Wednesday morning, helmed by chief founder and CSO Yaohe Wang and enlisting Glyn Edwards — the former head at
C. difficile
biotech Summit Therapeutics before Bob Duggan took over in 2020 — as executive chairman. Edwards tells
Endpoints News
that he got involved earlier this year, back in June, as Wang was looking to set up a company.
” I got involved through a mutual friend who called and said, ‘these guys are trying to spin a company out,'” Edwards said. The chairman added that with his background as a former CEO, he didn’t want to become a CEO again — adding that he’s “happy to be be chair and to coach these guys. And so I helped them get the seed money, work out how we should organize and do the boring admin things, like sorting out finance accounts, payroll, while they’re playing tunes with these viruses.”
As to how the biotech sets itself apart from other oncolytic virus biotechs, Edwards said that the biotech has made certain modifications to its virus backbone that allows the virus to essentially “coat” itself with the patient’s own proteins, allowing for systemic delivery and not having to be delivered right at the tumor site. Another modification is to a gene called N1L — and according to the chairman, that modification allows for reduced neurotoxicity of the native virus and simultaneously boost patient immune response to the tumor.
Edwards says another way VacV seeks to set itself apart is that its oncolytic viruses could overcome one of the major issues seen in other candidates: lack of potency.
“They [candidates] look really good in animal models. And then when they get into man, they’ve been relatively stable — they’ve been one or two exceptions to that, that have seen safety problems. But generally, the thing that’s held them back has been this lack of efficacy,” the chairman added. He went on to describe how there’s a bit of a balancing act that needs to be achieved to hone an oncolytic virus to perform well — on one hand, a virus needs to be modified to not infect healthy cells and only infect tumor cells. However, if a virus is modified too much, its infectivity gets worse.
On the other hand, potency becomes a balancing act as well. Per Edwards, initial efforts in other companies were looking at multiple cytokines as payloads to these oncolytic viruses, or only have one cytokine that is extra potent. However, if a payload was too strong, it made the immune system’s response a little overboard, leading to safety issues.
“So the state of the art now is to have a virus that is attenuated, but not too much, so that it retains its ability to multiply and infect the tumor cells — and to have the appropriate payload that can go in there, that’s strong enough to invoke the the patient’s immune response, but not so strong that you get this cytokine storm,” Edwards noted.
At least in the US, only one oncolytic virus has made it past the FDA: Amgen’s Imlygic for certain types of melanoma.
So far, the biotech has announced a seed financing round of $3 million from Proxima Ventures. And once some other things get underway, it’s off to recruiting for a Series A.
“And like all biotech companies, who either admit that they’re raising money — or they’re lying — once we’ve got through this launch activity, we will be looking to put together a Series A of international investors,” Edwards added.
What’s next for VacV? Amid hiring plans, the biotech says it is two years away from the clinic, but it has almost nothing to do with candidate development — Edwards said that the top two candidates, being looked at in pancreatic cancer and glioblastoma, are basically ready to go. What the biotech needs, said the chairman, is to get settled in as its own company. Setting up manufacturing, moving the company out of the cancer institute it is currently located out and into its own facilities, and hiring more people to help run planned clinical trials.
There are a few companies that have been looking at oncolytic viruses as well. The team over at Replimune just recently took on a $200 million loan to be given out over the next five years, and while it saw progress earlier this year on its lead candidate, questions initially
lingered
on the effectiveness of its back-up candidate.