Background:The identification of specific circulating miRNAs has been proposed as a
valuable tool for elucidating the pathophysiology of brain damage or injury and predicting patient outcomes.Objective:This study aims to apply several bioinformatic tools in order to clarify miRNA interactions
with potential genes involved in brain injury, emphasizing the need of using a computational approach
to determine the most likely correlations between miRNAs and target genes. Specifically, this study
centers on elucidating the roles of miR-34b, miR-34c, miR-135a, miR-200c, and miR-451a.Methods:After a careful evaluation of different software available (analyzing the strengths and limitations),
we applied three tools, one to perform an analysis of the validated targets (miRTarBase), and
two to evaluate functional annotations (miRBase and TAM 2.0).Results:Research findings indicate elevated levels of miR-135a and miR-34b in patients with traumatic
brain injury (TBI) within the first day post-injury, while miR-200c and miR-34c were found to
be upregulated after 7 days. Moreover, miR-451a and miR-135a were found overexpressed in the serum,
while miRNAs 34b, 34c, and 200c, had lower serum levels at baseline post brain injury.Conclusion:This study emphasizes the use of computational methods in determining the most likely
relationships between miRNAs and target genes by investigating several bioinformatic techniques to
elucidate miRNA interactions with potential genes. Specifically, this study focuses on the functions of
miR-34b, miR-34c, miR-135a, miR-200c, and miR-451a, providing an up-to-date overview and suggesting
future research directions for identifying theranomiRNAs related to brain injury, both at the
tissue and serum levels.