Hubei University of Technology

Cyberlindnera fabianii is a Baijiu-associated non-Saccharomyces yeast that may encounter transient heat stress during fermentation, but the mechanisms underlying its thermotolerance remain poorly understood. Here, we evaluated heat survival, culture turbidity, culturability, JC-1-based relative mitochondrial polarization, and transcriptomic responses of C. fabianii at 45 °C under different glucose concentrations. C. fabianii showed higher CFU-based survival than Saccharomyces cerevisiae after 2 h of heat exposure. During prolonged incubation, 30% glucose improved culturability and was accompanied by higher relative mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), less disrupted JC-1 staining patterns, weaker repression of glycolysis- and TCA-cycle-related transcripts, and increased PPP-related transcript levels together with upregulation of ROS-scavenging genes. These findings indicate a glucose-associated improvement in heat-stress tolerance, particularly involving early maintenance of mitochondrial polarization and metabolic/redox-related transcriptional responses; however, the current data do not determine whether this effect is transient or long-lasting. Under glucose-limited conditions, glycerol or xylose co-feeding increased turbidity and partially supported CFU retention, with substrate-dependent differences in extracellular glucose consumption. Overall, these findings suggest that glucose availability is closely associated with thermotolerance and mitochondrial polarization in C. fabianii, and that, in liquid culture, selected co-substrates may partially reproduce aspects of the high-glucose-associated phenotype without requiring comparable glucose supplementation.

Sediment organic carbon mineralization is a key biogeochemical process regulating the balance between organic carbon decomposition and preservation in aquatic systems. Reservoir impoundment substantially alters the hydrostatic pressure regime experienced by sediments, yet its impacts on sediment organic carbon mineralization remain poorly understood. Here, using a custom-built hydrostatic pressure simulation system, we show that increasing hydrostatic pressure (0.1-2.1 MPa) significantly accelerates sediment organic carbon mineralization. In non-sterilized sediment-water incubations, the apparent organic carbon mineralization rate (CMR) at 2.1 MPa was 1.45-, 2.01-, and 1.72-fold higher than at 0.1 MPa on day 3, 6, and 9, respectively. In water-only incubations, the stimulatory effect was even stronger initially, with the CMR at 2.1 MPa reaching 4.59-fold higher than at 0.1 MPa on day 10, but declined rapidly over time. In sterilized sediment-water incubations, overlying-water DOC at 2.1 MPa was 1.26-fold higher than at 0.1 MPa, indicating that hydrostatic pressure can enhance DOC release even when microbial activity is suppressed. These findings reveal hydrostatic pressure as an overlooked control on sediment organic carbon mineralization and suggest that pressure-driven carbon transformation may be relevant to assessments of organic carbon burial efficiency and greenhouse-gas production potential in deep reservoirs.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major cause of acute liver failure worldwide, with limited therapeutic options available. This condition progresses through a complex cascade involving oxidative stress, inflammation, and a failure to regenerate damaged tissue. To tackle these interconnected challenges, we developed an integrated biomimetic nanoplatform that synergistically combined rhodium nanozymes (Rhzymes) with mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicle mimetics (MEMs). The Rhzymes provided potent multi-antioxidant activity by scavenging reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), thereby alleviating oxidative damage and inflammatory responses. Meanwhile, the MEMs functioned as smart delivery carriers with a natural affinity for the damaged liver. They enhanced the accumulation of the therapeutic cargo at the injury site and independently contributed to healing by promoting tissue repair and regeneration. Through this synergistic collaboration, the Rh@MEMs system not only improved targeted delivery to the damaged liver but also resolved the key pathological factors of DILI-oxidative damage, inflammation, and inadequate regeneration. As a result, the Rh@MEMs platform demonstrated significantly enhanced therapeutic efficacy against DILI both in vitro and in vivo. This study highlights the promise of synergistic nanozyme-biomimetic vesicle integration, as a multifunctional strategy for the treatment of DILI.