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AbstractSariva [Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult.], a widely used medicinal plant in India, although well-established as H. indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult., Apocynaceae; different botanical sources are used. This study reviews botanical sources available in the drug market, their classical references, and contemporary documentation. This study is an exclusive documentation of scattered information of Sariva and its various botanical resources. Significant keywords used were Sariva, Krishnasariva, Utpalasariva, Shyama, Ananta, Asphota, Gopavalli, Krishnavalli, Bhadra, Chandana, Kalindi, H. indicus, Ichnocarpus frutescens, Cryptolepis buchanani, and Decalepis hamiltonii. Different textual references suggest Sariva to be H. indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult., Cryptolepis buchanani Roem. & Schult., I. frutescens (L.) W. T. Aiton, Decalepis hamiltonii Wight & Arn., and Asphota (Phyllanthus distichus (L.) Müll. Arg. or Clitoria ternatea (L.)). Substitutes discussed are Decalepis hamiltonii Wight & Arn., Maerua arenaria Hook. f. & Thomson, Smilax china L., Periploca aphylla Decne., stem pieces of Cryptolepis buchanani, Ichnocarpus, Goravaganja, Karanta (Barleria prionites L.), and Vallaris species, whereas adulterants include Begonia carpreolata L., Bignoniaceae, and Polygonum amplexicaulis D. Don. Results indicate that Sariva is more similar to H. indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult., Asphotaa as H. indicus, or Vallaris heynei Spreng. Shweta and Krishnasariva are mentioned as H. indicus and Cryptolepis buchanani, respectively. The potential to identify all the possible sources will definitely assist in detecting adulteration. Furthermore, as many plants are becoming endangered, different botanical sources may be further tested through experimental and clinical studies to identify species exhibiting properties and actions more closer to those of the original Sariva.

01 Nov 2024·Journal of Drug Research in Ayurvedic Sciences

Pharmacognostical and physicochemical evaluation of Prajasthapana granules: A novel polyherbal Ayurvedic formulation

Author: Unnikrishnan, Divya ; Choudhary, Poonam ; Sukumaran, Sakhitha Kolathuparambil

AbstractBACKGROUND:Garbhiniparicharya, as per Ayurveda, includes masnumasikaahara (food regimes) oushadhaprayoga such as garbhasthapakadravyas (medicines for the maintenance of pregnancy). Prajasthapana granules (PSG) is a novel drug administration method derived out of prajasthapana gana mahakashya dravya explained in Charaka samhita. Most of the drugs in the combination possess tikta rasa (bitter), laghu guna (lightness), and sita veerya (cold potency) that act over rasavaha srotas (channels carrying nutrient fluids) and enhance garbha poshana (fetal nourishment).METHODS:Preparation of medicine—the PSG was prepared after crude drug sample identification, authentication, and microscopic evaluation carried out at the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research–National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research, Raw Materials Herbarium and Museum, Delhi. Pharmacognostical, organoleptic, microscopy, physicochemical parameters, high-performance thin layer chromatography, and qualitative analysis for carbohydrates, alkaloids, saponins, phenolic compounds, protein, amino acids, and tannins were carried out in water- and alcohol-soluble extracts. Analysis for heavy metals, microbial contamination, and pesticide residues was carried out.RESULTS:The loss on drying at 105°C was 7.02% w/w, the pH (10% aqueous extract) was 3.28, the water-soluble extract was 75.02% w/w, the alcohol-soluble extract 88.19% w/w, petroleum ether soluble extract 0.13% w/w, ash value 2.12% w/w, and acid insoluble ash 0.55%. HPTLC was carried out after organizing the sample prepared in methanol and the solvent system: toluene:ethyl acetate:formic acid (5:4:1) v/v/v in which a maximum of seven spots were distinguished.CONCLUSION:Analytical studies of PSG carried out are preliminary and are suggestive of the quality standards of the formulation. The study’s results may be considered a reference in future research for generating standard operative procedures.

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