A panel of experts who decide the national immunization schedule will meet on Tuesday for the first time in 2025, providing an opportunity for the nation’s top vaccine scientists to publicly discuss the value of products that the new administration has cast doubt on.
The CDC’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices meeting was
postponed
from February and is one of three scheduled for this year. The group is expected to discuss a number of vaccines, including shots protecting against the flu, Covid-19, RSV and meningitis. The group will vote on updated recommendations for chikungunya vaccines, meningococcal vaccines for teens and young adults, and RSV vaccination for adults.
The administration’s scrutiny of these routine meetings reflects how much anti-vaccine sentiment has risen in recent years, and how HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. stands to reinforce those concerns.
“I’m just praying that there will be an ACIP meeting,” Laura Riley, a former ACIP member and chair of obstetrics and gynecology at Weill Cornell Medicine, said in an interview on Monday.
A spokesperson for HHS did not immediately respond when asked about Kennedy’s views of the committee and whether he plans to replace members in the future.
Vaccine policy in the US is effectively divided into two parts. The FDA and its own advisory group review and decide what vaccines to approve. The CDC and ACIP recommend which Americans should get the approved vaccines. Recommended vaccines are usually covered by insurance.
The decisions that ACIP makes, which the CDC director ultimately has final say over, are based on a number of factors, primarily the safety and efficacy of the vaccine. But the committee also considers the cost-effectiveness of the vaccine and the ethics of how certain recommendations, or lack thereof, will impact uptake. The committee reviews vaccine safety data post-licensure, and considers them when updating recommendations.
“Unfortunately, there are so much data out there, and people are not aware of how to interpret it, which is why you need an advisory committee like ACIP poring through all of the data in order to make informed decisions,” said Henry Bernstein, a pediatrics professor at the Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra University and another former ACIP member who served from 2017 to 2021.
Not in recent memory has ACIP existed under an administration that so frequently questions the benefits of vaccination. Kennedy leads a separate MAHA Commission that he tasked with investigating the childhood vaccine schedule. He’s continuously questioned whether vaccines are the source of rising autism rates, and has initiated plans for the CDC to study just that, despite numerous studies concluding they do not. Specific kinds of vaccines, including mRNA-based and single-antigen vaccines, have been
singled out by either Kennedy
or key voices in the MAHA movement he leads.
Riley said that acceptance of the committee’s work boils down to effective communication, which she says could be improved.
“I don’t think people understand the benefits of science period,” Riley said. “I don’t think that we have communicated clearly enough how important scientific discovery is.”
She pointed to the Covid pandemic as a time when the committee could have more directly explained what it did and didn’t know, given how swiftly new data about the vaccines and the virus were being produced.
“I don’t think that it was clear to people that we didn’t know everything,” she said, adding that it created a vacuum for alternative sources of information to seep in. Sometimes the decisions themselves were polarizing, like when the committee decided in June 2021 that the benefits of the two-shot mRNA Covid vaccine regimen in men outweighed the risk of vaccine-related heart inflammation known as myocarditis.
Kennedy has also questioned whether federal vaccine advisors have a too-cozy relationship with industry.
Politico
previously reported
he was considering replacing some members because of their perceived conflicts. Former ACIP members dismissed the concern, saying the required conflict of interest submissions before each meeting were rigorous and that members frequently erred on the side of caution.
Arthur Reingold, a former committee member and an epidemiology professor at the University of California, Berkeley, told
Endpoints News
that he was barred from voting on a vaccine against HPV because his wife was the director of the CDC’s division of sexually transmitted diseases at the time.
“So if people are saying that all of that was basically hiding things or not fully transparent, I don’t know where that accusation comes from, frankly, or what it’s based on,” he said. The CDC now publishes past conflict of interest disclosures.
Moving forward, Bernstein hopes there isn’t “dramatic change” to the group, calling its work “incredibly successful.”
“What’s being done is critically important, but if we don’t communicate and educate the public at all levels around these vaccines, it’s going to be problematic,” he said.
Editor’s note: This story was updated to include the full titles of Henry Bernstein and Arthur Reingold.