Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital

This study compares the postoperative analgesic effectiveness of Caudal Block (CB) and Retrolaminar Block (RLB) in pediatric patients undergoing undescended testis surgeries. Both techniques aim to manage pain effectively and reduce reliance on systemic analgesics, improving recovery and minimizing complications.
The double-blind, randomized controlled trial will include 1-7-year-old ASA I-II patients at two hospitals. Patients with specific contraindications (e.g., spinal anomalies, allergies, or infections) will be excluded. Randomization divides participants into two groups (CB and RLB), with pain assessments performed using the FLACC pain scale by a blinded nurse.
Procedures:
CB: 0.125% bupivacaine (1 mL/kg, max 20 mL) injected into the sacral canal under ultrasound guidance.
RLB: 0.25% bupivacaine (0.1 mL/kg) injected into the retrolaminar space at the L4 level under ultrasound guidance.
Postoperative pain will be evaluated at various intervals (30 minutes to 24 hours). Intravenous paracetamol or tramadol will be administered based on pain scores.
The study aims to compare pain scores, time to first analgesic requirement, and postoperative complications, contributing valuable data on these two regional anesthesia techniques in pediatric surgery.

Diabetes related to obesity ("diabesity") is becoming increasingly prevalent. Hospitalizations among people with diabetes are frequent and glycaemic control is often suboptimal during these stays.
However, the pharmacological treatment of diabesity has made significant progress in recent years.
The objective of this study is to assess the management of diabesity in the international hospital setting. Aims include:
1. to determine the prevalence of causes and duration of hospitalization
2. to investigate the treatments used
3. to determine individual metabolic control achived This is a cross-sectional multi-centre study in which researchers will conduct a one-day point prevalence assessment in internal medicine wards.

This multicenter, randomized, controlled study aims to compare the analgesic efficacy of Quadro Iliac Plane Block (QIPB) and Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) Block in lumbar vertebra surgeries. The study will evaluate postoperative pain management, opioid consumption, side effects, hospital stay duration, and patient satisfaction. Patients scheduled for single-level lumbar disk herniation surgery will be randomized to receive either the QIPB or ESP block before awakening from anesthesia. Pain scores will be measured at multiple postoperative time points, and opioid consumption will be monitored using patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). The study seeks to identify the most effective and safe method for postoperative pain management in lumbar surgeries.