Liaquat National Hospital & Medical College

Title: The Role of Vancomycin Powder in Reducing Sternal Wound Infections Following Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Introduction:
Sternal wound infections (SWIs) are significant complications in cardiac surgery, leading to serious issues like mediastinitis, prolonged hospital stays, and higher healthcare costs. This study explores the potential of topical vancomycin powder to reduce SWIs when added to the standard use of systemic antibiotics.
Objectives:
To assess the effectiveness of vancomycin powder in preventing SWIs post-cardiac surgery.
To determine its impact on postoperative hospital stays.
Study Design and Methodology:
A randomized controlled trial will be conducted at Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, with 24 patients (12 in each group).
Group A will receive standard wound closure, while Group B will receive vancomycin powder applied to the sternal wound.
Postoperative wound assessments will be conducted at 48 hours, 7 days, and 1 month.
Ethical Considerations:
Ethical approval will be obtained, and informed consent will be sought from all participants

Acute watery diarrhea is defined as the passage of 3 or more loose or liquid stools per day for 3 or more days but less than 14 days, including patients with mild to moderate dehydration per WHO classification. The study's outcome variables are stool frequency, measured by the total number of stools passed during 24 and 48 hours from the initiation of treatment, and hospital duration, measured by the total duration of hospital stay in hours. The null hypothesis states that racecadotril combined with standard treatment has no effect on reducing the mean number of stools passed during 48 hours compared to standard treatment alone in pediatric patients with acute watery diarrhea, while the alternate hypothesis suggests that racecadotril combined with standard treatment will significantly reduce the mean number of stools passed during 48 hours compared to standard treatment alone in these patients.

In multitudinous preclinical studies, Saffron and Chamomile are found effective in treating PD. They can mitigate the neurodegenerative progression of the disease by curtailing dopaminergic and neuronal loss and by inhibiting alpha-synuclein aggregation. They also possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The synergism of both drugs can manage Parkinson's disease and related neurological disorders although, clinical trials are needed for further elaboration. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to evaluate the effects of Saffron and Chamomile and their active compounds in treating Parkinson's disease. This combination may change psychometric measures (MDS-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale), biomarkers (including Alpha-synuclein), and oxidative stress-related to Parkinson's disease. This combination along with conventional therapy might be beneficial in managing patients with Parkinson's disease