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CONTEXTRice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC) is a natural immunomodulator with anticancer properties.OBJECTIVEThis study critically evaluates the available evidence on the biological pathways of RBAC and its effects on cancer treatment.METHODSThis secondary analysis of a scoping review includes studies evaluating the mechanisms of RBAC on healthy or malignant cells, animal models, or humans for cancer prevention or treatment. Data from randomized controlled trials on survival and quality of life outcomes were subjectd to meta analysis.RESULTSThe evidence synthesis was based on 38 articles. RBAC exhibited antitumor properties by promoting apoptosis and restoring immune function in cancer patients to enhance inflammatory and cytotoxic responses to block tumorigenesis. RBAC works synergistically with chemotherapeutic agents by upregulating drug transport. In a clinical trial, combining RBAC with chemoembolization in treating liver cancer showed improved response, reduced recurrence rates, and prolonged survival. RBAC also augments the endogenous antioxidant system to prevent oxidative stress and protect against radiation side effects. In addition, RBAC has chemoprotective effects. Animals and humans have exhibited reduced toxicity and side effects from chemotherapy. Meta analysis indicates that RBAC treatment increases the survival odds by 4.02-times (95% CI: 1.67, 9.69) in the first year and 2.89-times (95% CI: 1.56, 5.35) in the second year.CONCLUSIONRBAC is a natural product with immense potential in cancer treatment. Additional research is needed to characterize, quantify, and standardize the active ingredients in RBAC responsible for the anticancer effects. More well-designed, large-scale clinical trials are required to substantiate the treatment efficacies further.

31 May 2023·Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition

Assessment of Bioactive Compounds and Anti-Atopic Effect of Ecklonia cava and Ecklonia stolonifera by Bioconversion

Author: Cho, Geun hee ; Choi, Sun-Il ; Lee, Ok-Hwan ; Lee, Se-jeong ; Oh, Geon ; Han, Xionggao ; Men, Xiao ; Lim, June seok ; Lee, Wha Young

01 Jan 2023·Food and Nutrition Sciences

Bioprocessed Black Rice Bran Potentiates the Growth Inhibitory Activity of an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor against Murine Colon Carcinoma

Author: Lee, Kyung Hee ; Kwon, Ki Sun ; Lee, Wha Young ; Hwang, Woon Sang ; Kim, Jeanman ; Friedman, Mendel ; Lee, Sang Jong ; Kim, Sung Phil

This study determined the effect of orally fed polysaccharide-rich bioprocessed (fermented) black rice bran produced by culturing with shiitake (Lentinus edodes ) mushroom mycelium on CT-26 colon cancer cells in vivo in an intracutaneously transplanted mouse tumor alone and in combination with i.p. administered anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor.Anal. of the isolated tumor weights at the end of the study shows that the average tumor size in control mice is 3.78 g, and the average tumor size in mice treated with anti-PD-1 antibody is 2.16 g.The average tumor size in mice treated with BRB-F alone is 2.25 g, and the average tumor size in mice treated with anti-PD-1 antibody BRB-F combination is 1.38 g.Thus, BRB-F or anti-PD-1 antibody alone each reduce tumor size by 40.5% or 42.9%, whereas the combination of BRB-F and anti-PD-1 antibody reduces tumor size by 63.5%, with their cooperative effect being statistically significant.The observed anti-tumor effects were accompanied by a series of biomarkers associated with cancer formation and inhibition.These results indicate that the reported potentiation of cancer therapy using drug-based medical chemotherapies with added checkpoint inhibitors in human patients are mechanistically similar with the functional food evaluated in the present study.These beneficial effects in mice challenge clinicians to investigate if the black rice bran food product can also protect against human cancer.

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