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Overview

OBJECTIVEThe horizontal tube-shifting technique can be adopted to separate overlapping buccal roots of the maxillary molar from the palatal root. A simulation study was performed to determine an appropriate tube-shift angulation when adopting three-dimensional computed tomography imaging.METHODSCone-beam computed tomography images of 21 volunteers were used for simulation. Adopting image analysis software, maximum intensity projection (MIP) three-dimensional images of maxillary molars observed from directions similar to the direction of an intraoral radiography X-ray beam were reconstructed. The orthoradial projection angle was taken as the baseline and the tube-shifting technique was then simulated to separate superimposed buccal roots from the palatal root.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONThe tube-shift technique was considered applicable to maxillary molars for 29/42 teeth (69%) in the case of a mesial tube shift and 40/42 teeth (95.2%) in the case of a distal tube shift. The specific shifting angle suitable for observing the buccal root apex of the maxillary molar without overlapping was obtained.

25 Mar 2025·Dental Materials Journal

Exploring a new Portland cement-free calcium silicate cement —Part 1: Synthesis of dicalcium and tricalcium silicate

Article

Author: HORIGUCHI, Takashi ; SUWABE, Takeshi ; ITOH, Tomomi ; SHINTANI, Kohei ; YOKOSE, Satoshi ; SASAMOTO, Norihiro ; KAWANO, Satoshi ; OKUYAMA, Katsushi ; TAMAKI, Yukimichi

Mineral trioxide aggregate cement is an excellent pulp-capping material; however, its base Portland cement contains highly toxic elements and is expensive. This study aimed to explore the possibility of using calcium silicate cement without Portland cement. Synthesis was attempted via firing using calcium silicate (CS), as the base material, and calcium oxide (CA). According to the chemical reaction, they were weighed and sintered in an electric furnace at a sintering temperature of 1,300ºC based on the results of thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis. The powder composition after firing was examined by X-ray diffraction analyses. Compressive tests were performed using a universal testing machine. The sintered powders were confirmed as dicalcium silicate (CS2) and tricalcium silicate (CS3); however, some peaks were detected and their compressive strengths were lower than that of CS. These results suggest that CS2 and CS3 were successfully synthesized from a mixture of CA and CS.

16 Mar 2025·Cureus

Spectral Power Analysis of Delta Waves in Neonatal Electroencephalography: A Tool for Assessing Brain Maturation and Injury

Article

Author: Zafer, Dila ; Kubota, Tetsuo ; Kitase, Yuma ; Yoshino, Ai ; Onishi, Yosuke ; Hayashi, Sora ; Oba, Atsuko ; Kashima, Kohei ; Jones, Sora ; Shiohama, Tadashi ; Miyosawa, Yukihide ; Hayashi, Haru ; Hiroma, Takehiko ; Shiraki, Seiya ; Hayashi, Rin ; Koyabu, Yui ; Yamaide, Fumiya ; Ishikawa, Chie ; Fujii, Katsunori

Recent advances in neonatal care have improved survival rates of preterm infants but highlighted the persistent challenge of neurological impairments. This study focuses on delta wave analysis in neonatal electroencephalography (EEG) as a marker for brain maturation and injury. Using quantitative EEG methods, including spectral power analysis, we examined 399 EEG recordings from infants with gestational ages spanning 23-42 weeks. Results demonstrated significant maturation-related changes in delta wave spectral power across cortical regions, particularly in lower-frequency bands. Suppression of delta wave power correlated with visual assessments of brain injury severity. These findings suggest that delta wave spectral power analysis enhances the precision of brain function evaluation, providing a valuable complement to conventional methods such as amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG). This approach holds potential for improving early diagnosis and guiding therapeutic interventions for neonatal brain injuries.

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