Foshan Chinese Traditional Medicine Hospital

Impaired fear extinction is a hallmark feature of stress- and anxiety-related disorders. Icariin (ICA), a flavonoid derived from Epimedium, exhibits neuroprotective effects in various preclinical models, but its role in fear modulation remains unclear. In this study, we examined the impact of ICA on contextual fear extinction in a rat model subjected to foot shock (FS). Proteomic and metabolomic profiling of the hippocampus was conducted using data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics and untargeted metabolomics. ICA treatment significantly enhanced fear extinction in FS-exposed rats. Proteomic analysis identified 175 differentially expressed proteins, with enrichment in platelet activation and extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated pathways. Metabolomic profiling revealed 50 upregulated and 229 downregulated metabolites, highlighting the involvement of the sphingolipid signaling pathway. Among the altered proteins, Myl9, Gp1ba, Parvb, and Prkaca emerged as key candidates implicated in ICA's effects on fear extinction, with Myl9 and Prkaca levels significantly correlated with freezing behavior. Integrative analysis further linked multiple differential metabolites, including (±)12,13-DiHOME, to Myl9 and Prkaca expression. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying ICA's therapeutic potential for fear-related neuropsychiatric disorders.

To compare the efficacy and safety of Conbercept, Ranibizumab, and Aflibercept, alone or combined with laser, for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME).

We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang, and SinoMed until October 2024 for studies on Conbercept, Ranibizumab, and Aflibercept in DME treatment. Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted in RStudio. Study quality was assessed with the Cochrane ROB.2 and the Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis framework. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024608409).

A total of 64 randomized controlled trials, including 7,185 patients, were analyzed in this study. Results indicated that Ranibizumab + laser yielded the most significant improvement in central retinal thickness (CRT) at 3 months (MD −80.98, 95% CI −106.53, −55.64; SUCRA 81.92%), 6 months (−90.19, [−126.05, −54.77]; 81.62%), and 12 months (−134.99, [−194.2, −75.98; 87.56%). Conbercept + laser (3 months: −52.47, [−80.7, −24.14]; 6 months: −52.98, [−94.72, −11.02]) and Ranibizumab monotherapy (3 months: −64.45,[−101.28, −26.77]) also showed statistically significant CRT reductions compared to laser alone, though to a lesser degree than Ranibizumab + laser. For Best-Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), both Ranibizumab and Ranibizumab + laser achieved statistically significant gains at 6 and 12 months compared to laser alone, with Ranibizumab + laser consistently ranking highest in efficacy. Safety analysis revealed no significant differences in total adverse event rates across treatments.

Ranibizumab + laser therapy demonstrated the greatest improvement in CRT and BCVA at 3, 6, and 12 months, with no significant differences in adverse events compared to other anti-VEGF options.

Pulmonary tuberculoma is a special type of tuberculosis, and tuberculoma located in the peripheral part of the lung tend to be confused with other pulmonary diseases such as peripheral lung cancer, so early diagnosis is challenging. Manual mapping navigation defined as freehand sketching of bronchial routes based on computed tomography (CT) images. Bronchoscopists use this technique to assist in alveolar lavage and histological acquisition of peripheral lung lesions. We report a case of a patient who was ultimately diagnosed with peripheral tuberculoma of the lung after bronchoscopic tissue biopsy and targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) by manual mapping navigation.

A 29-year-old man was hospitalized for a solid nodule of about 27 mm × 20 mm subpleural in the basal segment of the right lower lobe detected on CT screening.

The patient’s CT results suggest that the nature of the nodule is undetermined.

The patient underwent bronchoscopic biopsy, brushing, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for tNGS testing guided by manual mapping navigation, which was subsequently diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculoma.

Pathological results suggested lymphocytic infiltration, interstitial fibrous tissue hyperplasia, and tuberculosis-causing mycobacterium complex was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by tNGS. Finally, the patient was transferred to a tuberculosis specialty hospital for ***antituberculosis treatment, and the CT scan was repeated to show the nodule was smaller.

Diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions is challenging, however, the use of a manual mapping navigation system in combination with tNGS can help in the diagnosis of most lung lesions in institutions that cannot provide advanced bronchoscopy techniques.