University of Sistan and Baluchestan

Polysaccharides from Glehnia littoralis (PGL), a genus in the Apiaceae family, are commonly used in Chinese medicine and have anti-cancer properties. Nevertheless, our present understanding of the specific processes behind such impacts is inadequate. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs have been reported to regulate lung cancer tumorigenicity. The current study sought to evaluate the role of MALAT1, miR-145, and the effects of PGL in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as well as the underlying processes. A lung cancer cell line (A549) and a bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) were utilized in the current study. Quantitative real-time PCR, luciferase reporter assay, MTT assay, transwell migration assay, apoptosis assay, and western blot were applied to assess the effects of MALAT1/miR-145 axis on anticancer activates of PGL in NSCLC. We found that MALAT1 was up-regulated in lung cancer cell lines, while miR-145 was down-regulated. Furthermore, MALAT1 may act as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by directly sponging miR-145, which further regulating the SOX9 expression. PGL treatment decreased the cell viability, in addition to down-regulating MALAT1 in A549 NSCLC cells. SiRNA-knockdown of MALAT1 could enhance the effects of PGL on NSCLC cell viability, apoptosis, and migration. PGL treatment also reduced SOX9 and EMT-related protein levels. Besides, MALAT1 knockdown enhanced the effects of PGL on SOX9 and EMT genes expression. Collectively, these findings indicate a novel MALAT1/miR-145/SOX9 pathway for NSCLC progression. Knockdown of MALAT1 could increase the cytotoxicity of PGL in lung cancer by regulating the miR-145/SOX9 Axis. Our study could shed light on the development of therapeutic strategies for lung carcinoma treatment.

Exercise-induced muscle soreness and fatigue are significant barriers to physical activity in middle-aged women with type 2 diabetes (T2D), exacerbated by impaired tissue healing and chronic inflammation.

To evaluate whether post-exercise therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) effectively reduces exercise-induced muscle soreness and fatigue while improving metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in women with T2D.

Randomized controlled trial.

Thirty sedentary women with T2D (aged 41–49 years, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 6.5%–9.0%) were randomized to a TUS group ( n  = 15) or control ( n  = 15). Both groups completed an 8-week aerobic cycling program (3 sessions/week, 45 min/session, 60%–70% VO 2 max). The TUS group received post-exercise ultrasound (3 MHz, 1 W/cm 2 , 7 min/leg) using the Intellect Mobile 2 device. Primary outcomes were pain (Von Korff scale) and fatigue (Borg scale), while secondary outcomes included fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1c, inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)), and creatine kinase (CK), assessed at baseline and post-intervention. Linear mixed-effects models adjusted for baseline pain differences.

The TUS group showed marked decreases in pain (−2.2, 95% CI: −2.8 to −1.6, p  < 0.001) and fatigue (−1.8, 95% CI: −2.4 to −1.2, p  = 0.004) compared to controls. Secondary outcomes substantially improved: HbA1c (−0.5%, p  = 0.03), FBS (−19.8 mg/dL, p  = 0.01), TNF-α (−24.9 pg/mL, p  < 0.001), IL-6 (−11.9 pg/mL, p  < 0.001), and CK (−30 U/L, p  = 0.01). No adverse events were reported.

TUS is a safe, effective adjunct for reducing exercise-induced muscle soreness and fatigue in women with T2D, with benefits in glycemic control and inflammation. Larger trials with sham controls are needed.

This trial was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20211201053244N1) on June 21, 2022.

In this study, electronic and thermoelec. properties of bilayer GeB/BP have been investigated by combining the first-principles calculations based on d. functional theory and the semi-classical Boltzmann transport equations.The dynamical and chem. stabilities of bilayer GeB/BP are confirmed via their phonon spectra and cohesive energy.The electronic band structure of bilayer GeB/BP has been calculated using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and hybrid functional theory (HSE06).The energy band gaps of bilayer GeB/BP are found to be 0.19 eV (indirect) and 0.26 eV (direct) for GGA and HSE06, resp.The electronic transport coefficients (Seebeck coefficient, elec. conductivity, thermal conductivity, and figure of merit (ZT)) exhibit an isotropic behavior.The calculations show that the bilayer GeB/BP is a p-type semiconductor.At room temperature, the Seebeck coefficient and figure of merit were determined to be 317 μV/K and 0.9, resp.In addition to the electronic computations for the unstrained bilayer GeB/BP, calculations related to strain are also carried out.The application of compressive strain could lead to a transition from a semiconductor to a metal.Our results have suggested that the bilayer GeB/BP would be a perfect candidate for highly efficient thermoelec. materials.