Guangxi University

High‐entropy amorphous catalysts (HEACs) integrate multielement synergy with structural disorder, making them promising candidates for water splitting. Their distinctive features—including flexible coordination environments, tunable electronic structures, abundant unsaturated active sites, and dynamic structural reassembly—collectively enhance electrochemical activity and durability under operating conditions. This review summarizes recent advances in HEACs for hydrogen evolution, oxygen evolution, and overall water splitting, highlighting their disorder-driven advantages over crystalline counterparts. Catalytic performance benchmarks are presented, and mechanistic insights are discussed, focusing on how multimetallic synergy, amorphization effect, and in‐situ reconstruction cooperatively regulate reaction pathways. These insights provide guidance for the rational design of next‐generation amorphous high‐entropy electrocatalysts with improved efficiency and durability.

The rapid advancement of flexible electronics technology has placed higher demands on the structural design and performance regulation of elastic materials. Cellulosic elastomers, with their biodegradability, renewability, and tunability, emerge as ideal candidate materials. Entropy-driven self-assembly promotes the spontaneous formation of ordered structures, serving as a crucial pathway for optimizing cellulose elastomer properties. However, the structure–property relationship between the self-assembled ordered structures of cellulose elastomers and their mechanical and electrical properties remains insufficiently explored. It hinders the expansion of their applications in electronic devices. This paper systematically reviews the structure–property regulation mechanisms of self-assembled cellulosic elastomers from an entropy-driven perspective. It elucidates the application principles and performance optimization strategies for mechanical energy harvesting and self-powered sensing, while also exploring the challenges and prospects for performance enhancement. This work provides a reference for the development of self-assembled cellulosic elastomers in the field of energy devices.

The prevention and cure of Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) was remained a challenging issue, primarily due to our limited understanding of the interaction mechanisms between SGIV and the host. This study investigated the metabolic and protein modification changes in grouper spleen (GS) cells following SGIV infection. SGIV infection induced significant lactate accumulation and up-regulated protein lactylation levels in GS cells at 12 h post-infection. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SGIV infection led to host cell metabolic reprogramming, characterized by marked up-regulation of oxidative phosphorylation-related genes alongside dysregulated immune modulation. Proteomic analysis further demonstrated that SGIV infection up-regulated proteins involved in stress-response and immunomodulatory signaling pathways (e.g., AMPK, HIF-1, TGF-β), while proteins associated with fundamental metabolic pathways were generally down-regulated. Lactyl-proteomic analysis showed that SGIV infection induced widespread lactylation modifications on key proteins, including CaM, MEK1/2, ERK1/2, Hsp90, Hsp70, etc., which indicated that lactylation plays a crucial role in systematically reprogramming host cell functions during viral infection. Functional experiments confirmed that exogenous lactate, at concentrations non-cytotoxic to GS cells, significantly inhibited SGIV replication and also exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. In summary, SGIV infection regulated host immune responses, metabolic adaptation, and signal transduction by remodeling lactate metabolism and inducing protein lactylation, while lactate itself possesses dual biological functions as both an antiviral and an antibacterial agent.