Hubei Biocause Heilen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Theanode enables raised microbial fuel cells (MFCs) performance via in-situ growth electroactive material. However, the role of fabricated microstructures in electroactive bacteria loading and extracellular electron transfer (EET) has been paid less attention. Here, MoS2 nanosheets are custom grown on carbon cloth to construct anode models with diverse surface microstructures. Surprisingly, the 3D-MoS2/NS-CC anode only 0.85 d enables the MFC to be started and achieves a maximum power density of 3.85 W/m², which is significantly faster and higher than that of 2D-MoS2/NS-CC (3.6 d, 2.75 W/m²) and CC (4.46 d, 1.98 W/m²). As for the mechanism of 3D-MoS2/NSCCboosting MFC performance, this is attributed to the 3D-open-microarray preventing electroactive bacteria from shedding and facilitating to the establishment of excellent EET channels through the formed hybrid cell-electrode systems and Geobacter enrichment of up to 86.1 %. This research provides promising guidance for integrating nanomaterials and architecture to construct high-performance anodes in MFCs.

Barnidipine hydrochloride is a long term dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker used for the treatment of hypertension. During the process development of barnidipine hydrochloride, four barnidipine impurities were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an ordinary column (Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18, 150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm). All these impurities were identified, synthesized, and subsequently characterized by their respective spectral data (MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR). The identification of these impurities should be useful for quality control in the manufacture of barnidipine.

Febuxostat, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, is a first-line treatment for gout with hyperuricemia. This study evaluated the pharmacokinetic (PK) bioequivalence, safety profile, and food effects of a generic febuxostat formulation compared to the reference product (Feburic^®) in healthy Chinese volunteers PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this randomized, open-label, two-sequence, two-period crossover trial, 80 participants (74 males, 6 females) received single 40 mg doses of both test and reference formulations under fasting and fed conditions, separated by a 7-day washout. Plasma concentrations were quantified using validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Primary endpoints included peak plasma concentration (C_max), area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to the last time quantifiable time point (AUC_0-t), and area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC_0-∞), with bioequivalence determined using 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for geometric mean ratios (GMRs).

All 90% CIs for GMRs fell within the 80-125% bioequivalence range (fasting: AUC_0-t 99.08-104.28%, AUC_0-∞ 98.73-103.84%, C_max 92.87-112.14%; fed: AUC_0-t 101.16-106.21%, AUC_0-∞ 101.13-105.94%, C_max 91.72-105.07%). High-fat meals delayed T_max by 0.67 h and Tlag by 0.37 h (p < 0.05) while reducing systemic exposure (C_max by ~ 35%, AUC_0-∞ by ~ 12%; all p < 0.05). Adverse event incidence was 12.8% (fasting) and 25.0% (fed), with no serious adverse events reported.

The generic febuxostat formulation demonstrated PK equivalence to Feburic^® under both fasting and fed conditions, with comparable safety profiles. The observed food effects, while statistically significant, support flexible administration without meal restrictions, meeting pharmacokinetic criteria for consideration as a therapeutic alternative in gout management.

This study was prospectively registered (Registration No. CTR20233483; First Public Release Date: 1 November 2023) in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registration Platform ( http://www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn ), a registry recognized by the Chinese National Medical Products Administration (NMPA). The trial was conducted from 28 November 2023 to 26 December 2023.