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Last update 08 May 2025

YARS1

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

Tyrosine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic, Tyrosine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic, N-terminally processed, Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase

+ [6]

Introduction

Tyrosine--tRNA ligase that catalyzes the attachment of tyrosine to tRNA(Tyr) in a two-step reaction: tyrosine is first activated by ATP to form Tyr-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Tyr) (Probable) (PubMed:25533949). Also acts as a positive regulator of poly-ADP-ribosylation in the nucleus, independently of its tyrosine--tRNA ligase activity (PubMed:25533949). Activity is switched upon resveratrol-binding: resveratrol strongly inhibits the tyrosine--tRNA ligase activity and promotes relocalization to the nucleus, where YARS1 specifically stimulates the poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of PARP1 (PubMed:25533949).

Drugs associated with YARS1

HG-1116

Target

YARS1

Mechanism

YARS1 modulators

Active Org.-

Originator Org.

Human Genome Sciences, Inc.

Active Indication-

Inactive Indication

Immune System Diseases [+2]

Drug Highest PhasePending

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

100 Clinical Results associated with YARS1

100 Translational Medicine associated with YARS1

0 Patents (Medical) associated with YARS1

224

Literatures (Medical) associated with YARS1

01 Apr 2025·The FEBS Journal

A non‐canonical role for the tyrosyl tRNA synthetase: YARS regulates senescence induction and escape and controls the transcription of LIN9

Article

Author: Maarouf, Amine ; Petit, Coralie ; Lelièvre, Eric ; Coquelet, Hugo ; Vidi, Pierre‐Alexandre ; Toutain, Bertrand ; Leman, Geraldine ; Guillon, Jordan ; Guette, Catherine ; Boissard, Alice ; Coqueret, Olivier ; Henry, Cécile

Senescence is a tumor suppressor mechanism triggered by oncogene expression and chemotherapy treatment. It orchestrates a definitive cessation of cell proliferation through the activation of the p53‐p21 and p16‐Rb pathways, coupled with the compaction of proliferative genes within heterochromatin regions. Some cancer cells have the ability to elude this proliferative arrest but the signaling pathways involved in circumventing senescence remain to be characterized. We have recently described that malignant cells capable of evading senescence have an increased expression of specific tRNAs, such as tRNA‐Leu‐CAA and tRNA‐Tyr‐GTA, alongside the activation of their corresponding tRNA ligases, namely LARS and YARS. We have previously shown that YARS promotes senescence escape by activating proliferation and cell cycle genes but its functions during this proliferative arrest remain largely unknown. In this study, we have continued to characterize the functions of YARS, describing non‐canonical transcriptional functions of the ligase. Our results show that YARS is present in the nucleus of proliferating and senescent cells and interacts with the Trim28 transcriptional regulator. Importantly, YARS binds to the LIN9 promoter, a critical member of the Dream complex responsible for regulating cell cycle gene transcription. The ligase facilitates the binding and the phosphorylation of the type II RNA polymerase and promotes the deposition of activating epigenetic marks on the LIN9 promoter. Consequently, during senescence escape, YARS activates LIN9 expression and both proteins are necessary to induce the proliferation of emergent cells. These results underscore unconventional transcriptional functions of YARS in activating LIN9 expression in proliferating cells and during senescence escape.

20 Feb 2025·Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology

[Expression of YARS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its prognostic effect].

Article

Author: Wang, Y ; Qian, J D ; Yao, T T ; Chai, J Y ; Chai, M ; Hu, L H ; Cao, L J ; Pan, J ; Wang, G Q ; Cheng, H

Objective: To explore the expression of YARS1, the subform of protein-based tRNA synthase (YARS1), and its prognostic effect on the analysis of gene set enrichment in hepatocellular carcinoma Methods: The expressional condition of the YARS1 gene in tumor tissue samples (374 cases) and adjacent tissue samples (50 cases) of hepatocellular carcinoma patients was compared and recorded by mining the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Hepatocellular carcinoma patients were divided into high expression and low expression groups according to this data. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between YARS1 and the clinical pathological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. The effect of YARS1 expression on the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. The prognostic value of the YARS1 gene for hepatocellular carcinoma was analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Gene set enrichment analysis was used to evaluate the gene pathways related to YARS1 in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Results: The expression of the YARS1 gene was higher in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue than in normal tissue (P<0.001). The expression level of YARS1 was correlated with the grade of patients (P<0.05), but not with age, gender, TNM stage, and others (P>0.05). The results of Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test showed that the survival rate was lower in patients with high YARS1 gene expression than that of patients with low YARS1 gene expression (P<0.001). The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that YARS1 was used as an independent prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma [hazard ratio=1.10, 95% confidence interval (1.050-1.156), P<0.001]. The results of gene set enrichment analysis showed that YARS1 was involved in pyrimidine metabolism, purine metabolism, aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, ppar signal transduction pathway, oocyte meiosis, amino acid and nucleotide sugar metabolism, RNA degradation, complement pathway, valine and isoleucine degradation, spliceosome, and other pathways. Conclusion: The high expression of YARS1 is associated with the progression and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, this gene is expected to become a novel biomarker and a sort of target for biological therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

01 Feb 2025·Chemistry & Biodiversity

Phytochemical Profiling and Bioactive Potential of Moroccan Pulicaria Mauritanica Essential Oils: In Silico and In Vitro Antibacterial and Antioxidant Assessment

Article

Author: Alaqarbeh, Marwa ; Benali, Taoufiq ; Amechrouq, Ali ; Bouachrine, Mohammed ; Chtibi, Houda ; Sabiri, Maryame ; Barbouchi, Mohammed ; Aanouz, Ilham ; Hammani, Khalil

AbstractA study was conducted to analyze the essential oil of Pulicaria mauritanica (PMEO) and investigate its antibacterial and antioxidant properties using in‐vitro and in‐silico methods. The essential oil was extracted using the hydrodistillation technique, and its chemical composition was identified via GC/MS analysis. The chemical composition of the oil shows that the major components of PMEO are carvotanacetone (67.92 %) followed by 2,5‐dimethoxy‐p‐cymene (3.62 %), eucalyptol (1.76 %) and tetrahydrocarvone (1.32 %). The antibacterial and antioxidant effects against DPPH free radicals and ferric‐reducing power were tested using in‐vitro microdilution method. The antibacterial activity showed a strong sensitivity against Bacillus subtilis and Proteus mirabilis with an inhibition zone of (22.33±1.78 mm and 19.3±0.68 mm, respectively; the lowest MIC and MBC values were (MIC=MBC=1.56 mg/mL). However, computational studies were carried out using molecular docking studies. The analysis of the interaction nature between (PMEO) essential oil and tyrosyl‐tRNA synthetase from Staphylococcus aureus aids in understanding the antibacterial properties of essential oil molecules and their mechanism of action. The in‐silico toxicity and pharmacokinetics results show that 4‐candidate molecules have potential antibacterial properties and suggest that PMEO could be a source of natural antioxidants and antibacterial agents.

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YARS1

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