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Last update 08 May 2025

ERF

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

ERF, ETS domain-containing transcription factor ERF, ETS2 repressor factor

+ [2]

Introduction

Potent transcriptional repressor that binds to the H1 element of the Ets2 promoter. May regulate other genes involved in cellular proliferation. Required for extraembryonic ectoderm differentiation, ectoplacental cone cavity closure, and chorioallantoic attachment (By similarity). May be important for regulating trophoblast stem cell differentiation (By similarity).

Drugs associated with ERF

SRI-41315

Target

ERF

Mechanism

ERF inhibitors

Active Org.-

Originator Org.

The University of Alabama at Birmingham

Active Indication-

Inactive Indication

Cystic Fibrosis

Drug Highest PhasePending

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

100 Clinical Results associated with ERF

100 Translational Medicine associated with ERF

0 Patents (Medical) associated with ERF

1,833

Literatures (Medical) associated with ERF

01 Dec 2025·Functional & Integrative Genomics

Unraveling key genes and pathways involved in Verticillium wilt resistance by integrative GWAS and transcriptomic approaches in Upland cotton

Article

Author: Khan, Majid ; He, Shoupu ; Du, Xiongming ; Geng, Xiaoli ; Awais, Muhammad ; Peng, Zhen ; Li, Hongge ; Dai, Shuai ; Hu, Daowu

Verticillium dahliae Kleb, the cause of Verticillium wilt, is a particularly destructive soil-borne vascular disease that affects cotton, resulting in serious decline in fiber quality and causing significant losses in cotton production worldwide. However, the progress in identification of wilt-resistance loci or genes in cotton has been limited, most probably due to the highly complex genetic nature of the trait. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism behind the Verticillium wilt resistance remains poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the phenotypic variations in Verticillium tolerance and conducted a genome wide association study (GWAS) among a natural population containing 383 accessions of upland cotton germplasm and performed transcriptomic analysis of cotton genotypes with differential responses to Verticillium wilt. GWAS detected 70 significant SNPs and 116 genes associated with resistance loci in two peak signals on D02 and D11 in E1. The transcriptome analysis identified a total of 2689 and 13289 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the Verticillium wilt-tolerant (J46) and wilt-susceptible (J11) genotypes, respectively. The DEGs were predominantly enriched in metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid pathway, MAPK cascade pathway and plant-pathogen interaction pathway in GO and KEGG analyses. The identified DEGs were found to comprise several transcription factor (TF) gene families, primarily including AP2/ERF, ZF, WRKY, NAC and MYB, in addition to pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins and Resistance (R) genes. Finally, by integrating the two results, 34 candidate genes were found to overlap between GWAS and RNA-seq analyses, associated with Verticillium-wilt resistance, including WRKY, MYB, CYP and RGA. This work contributes to our knowledge of the molecular processes underlying cotton responses to Verticillium wilt, offering crucial insights for additional research into the genes and pathways implicated in these responses and paving the way for developing Verticillium wilt-resistant cotton varieties through accelerated breeding by providing a plethora of candidate genes.

01 Dec 2025·Molecular Biology Reports

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the lipoxygenase gene family in sesame reveals regulatory networks in response to abiotic stress

Article

Author: Tulsi ; Patidar, Ishwar ; Ampasala, Dinakara Rao

BACKGROUNDPlant lipoxygenase (Lox) genes, catalyze polyunsaturated fatty acids and play essential roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. It is extensively studied under various stresses, their role in abiotic stress responses remains unexplored in sesame.METHODS AND RESULTSThis study identified seven Lox genes in sesame divided into two subfamilies: 9-Lox (Silox1, Silox2 and Silox3) are likely involved in pathogen defence and signalling and 13-Lox (Type-I: Silox4 and Type-II: Silox5, Silox6 and Silox7) play crucial roles in jasmonic acid biosynthesis and abiotic stress responses. Silox genes have undergone purifying selection, promoting the stability of gene function and prefer codons with A or T in the third position. The chromosomal distribution, sequence similarity, and subcellular localization, with conserved lipoxygenase domains and motifs were analysed. Promoter regions contained 34 cis-acting regulatory elements (e.g. WRKY, ERF, and bHLH) and 35 transcription factors binding sites (TFBS) linked to light, stress (e.g. MYC, W-box, ERE and STRE), phytohormones, and growth. Differential Gene Expression (DGE) analysis showed Lox1 was upregulated in Drought sensitive (DS) and in Drought tolerant (DT) the Lox1 & Lox3 were upregulated when compared to control. In addition, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of Lox, showed that blue module is positively correlated with drought tolerance. Fourteen hub genes related to stress were identified, which closely associated with Lox1. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analyses showed that these genes were linked to linoleic acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and stress response. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis confirmed that Silox genes showed time-varying differential expression under drought, salt and a combined drought-salt stress treatments.CONCLUSIONThis research lays the groundwork for future studies on the role of Lox genes in sesame's growth and stress adaptation.

01 Aug 2025·Computational Biology and Chemistry

Genome-wide exploration: Evolution, structural characterization, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and expression analysis of sugar transporter (ST) gene family in potato (Solanum tuberosum)

Article

Author: Zargar, Seema ; Mia, Md Sohel ; Nayan, Sourav Biswas ; Talukder, Md Enamul Kabir ; Riazuddin, Md ; Islam, Md Numan ; Hossain, Md Nayim ; Wani, Tanveer A ; Rabby, Md Golam ; Shadhin, Md Saklain Tanver ; Hasan, Md Sakib

Sugars are the basic structural components of carbohydrates. Sugar transport is crucial for plants to ensure their optimal growth and development. Long-distance sugar transport occurs through either diffusion-based passive or active transport mediated by transporter proteins. In potatoes, STs play a vital role in sugar transport and total sugar accumulation. To better understand the roles of these transporters, in-depth structural, protein characterization, and tissue-specific expression analysis were performed. A total of 61 StSTs were identified and classified into eight sub-families (STP, PLT, ERD6L, INT, TMT, pGlcT, SUC, and VGT). The majority of StSTs were found in the plasma membrane, and all of them were dispersed throughout the 12 chromosomes. Exon and motif counts ranged from 1-18 and 1-10, respectively. In synteny analysis with four plant genomes, the highest (38) orthologous gene pair was found with S. lycopersicum (tomato). In 3D protein modeling, the alpha helix and transmembrane helices range varied from 32 % to 78 % and 53 %-57 %, respectively. During molecular docking analysis, the lowest binding energy was observed for Glu-StINT1 (ΔG: - 6.6 kcal/mol), Fru-StVGT1 (ΔG: - 6.1 kcal/mol), Gal-StSTP10 (ΔG: - 6.5 kcal/mol), and Suc-StINT2 (ΔG: - 7.5 kcal/mol), among 244 docking results. These complexes showed significant hydrogen and hydrophobic interactions, due to having significant amino acid residues. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of four complexes (Glu-StINT1, Fru-StVGT1, Gal-StSTP10, and Suc-StINT2) validated the ligand's stable attachment to the intended target proteins and it can be predicted that these complexes are the best sugar transporters of potato. In RNA-seq mediated expression analysis, StSTP12, StERD6L-6, 12, StpGlcT3, StVGT1, and StVGT2, were significantly upregulated in vegetative tissues/organs, revealing their significant role in vegetative organ development. In addition, stu-miRNA395 was the largest family interacting with StERD6L-1 and StTMT2 genes, demonstrating their significant role in sulfate metabolism. The detection and visualization of potential transcription factors (TFs) like ERF, Dof, MYB, BBR-BPC, LBD, and NAC in conjunction with the StSTs gene indicate their significant contribution to stress tolerance and DNA conversion and transcription into RNA. A significant interaction of StSTs in the PPI network might be due to their cumulative role in the same signaling pathways. The integration of these findings will guide the development of programming-based sugar transporter-mediated genetic circuits to improve the sugar accumulation in potatoes using synthetic biology approaches.

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