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Last update 08 May 2025

LTβ

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

LT-beta, LTB, lymphotoxin beta

+ [7]

Introduction

Cytokine that binds to LTBR/TNFRSF3 (PubMed:24248355). May play a specific role in immune response regulation. Provides the membrane anchor for the attachment of the heterotrimeric complex to the cell surface. Isoform 2 is probably non-functional.

Drugs associated with LTβ

Baminercept

Target

LTβ

Mechanism

LTβ inhibitors

Active Org.-

Originator Org.

Biogen, Inc.

Active Indication-

Inactive Indication

Colitis, Ulcerative [+5]

Drug Highest PhaseDiscontinued

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

Clinical Trials associated with LTβ

NCT01552681

/ TerminatedPhase 2IIT

A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase II Clinical Trial of Baminercept, a Lymphotoxin-beta Receptor Fusion Protein, for the Treatment of Primary Sjögren's Syndrome (ASJ02)

The purpose of the study is to find out if the experimental study agent, baminercept, is effective in treating patients with Sjögren's syndrome. The study will also determine if the study agent can be safely given to patients with Sjögren's syndrome; examine how it affects symptoms of the disease; and attempt to understand how baminercept affects the underlying mechanisms of Sjögren's syndrome and the immune system.

Start Date01 Jul 2012

Sponsor / Collaborator

National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases

[+1]

EUCTR2010-019558-42-BE

/ Not yet recruitingNot Applicable

A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study to Assess the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Baminercept in Subjects With Moderate to Severe Ulcerative Colitis

Start Date23 Dec 2010

Sponsor / Collaborator

Biogen Idec Ltd.

NCT01164384

/ Unknown statusPhase 1IIT

A Phase 1b, Single Center, Clinical Study to Investigate the Safety and Biological Responses to Baminercept in Patients With Chronic HCV Hepatitis.

Erstes Safety Trial mit Baminercept in chronischen HCV Patienten. Untersuchung des potentiell antiviralen, antiinflammatorischen Effekts sowie Modulation der hepatischen Gen-Expression.
10 Patienten, open label, 10 Wochen Therapie. Sequentielles Enrollement der ersten 4 Patienten.
Trial with medicinal product

Start Date01 Oct 2010

Sponsor / Collaborator

University of Zurich

100 Clinical Results associated with LTβ

100 Translational Medicine associated with LTβ

0 Patents (Medical) associated with LTβ

919

Literatures (Medical) associated with LTβ

01 Dec 2025·Medical Microbiology and Immunology

Protective antibodies against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli are generated from heat-labile toxoid vaccination and exhibit subject- and vaccine-specific diversity

Article

Author: Gutiérrez, Ramiro L ; Baudier, Robin L ; Laird, Renee M ; Porter, Chad K ; Maciel, Milton ; Norton, Elizabeth B ; Scott, Jordan C ; Clements, John D

AbstractHeat-labile toxin (LT) from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important pathogenic protein. Anti-LT antibodies (Abs) induced by vaccination can neutralize the toxin and potentially prevent diarrheal secretion from ~ 60% of ETEC strains expressing LT. However, only superficial investigation of the anti-toxin response is usually conducted in clinical trials. Here, we utilized human serum samples from two clinical trials performed to assess safety, immunogenicity and protection in a controlled human infection model with a LT + ST + CFA/I + H10407 ETEC strain. These Phase 1 and Phase 2b clinical trials explored a prototype ETEC adhesin (CfaE) and a chimeric adhesin-toxoid protein (dscCfaE-CTA2/LTB5) delivered intradermally or transcutaneously with a mutated form of LT (mLT) as an adjuvant. Serum samples were tested for antigen-specific IgG or IgA Abs by immunoblot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), or functional neutralizing Abs using LT holotoxin, LTA or LTB subunits. Abs to both LT subunits were present, but the response to each was altered by vaccine formulation, dose, and delivery routes as well as subject. The anti-LT IgG response correlated best to neutralizing antibodies and protection from H10407 controlled challenge when compared to other measures including serum IgA or anti-fimbriae (CfaE) Abs. In addition, our results helped to explain cohort attack rate differences in naïve unvaccinated participants and we found higher anti-LTA IgG post-challenge significantly related to ETEC severity score. Thus, strategies generating and measuring immunity to the complete AB5 structure of LT and subunits are better determinant of assessing protective immunity against LT + or LT + ST + ETEC diarrheal secretion in humans.

01 Mar 2025·Journal of Cardiac Failure

Activation of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in Patients with Heart Failure and a Preserved Ejection Fraction

Article

Author: Conde-Knape, Karin ; Ouwerkerk, Wouter ; Gevaert, Andreas B ; Voors, Adriaan A ; Lang, Chim C ; Nath, Mintu ; Tromp, Jasper ; Djordjevic, Djordje ; Tharshana, Ganash N ; VAN Essen, Bart J ; Baumhove, Lukas ; Koekemoer, Andrea ; De Jong, Tristan V ; Michaelsen, Natasha B M ; Samani, Nilesh J

INTRODUCTIONPathophysiological differences between heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) remain poorly understood. Therefore, we performed pathway analyses from whole-blood transcriptomics to distinguish HFpEF from HFrEF.METHODS AND RESULTSLexogen's QuantSeq was used to carry out whole-blood transcriptomics in 500 patients with HF (HFpEF n = 250, HFrEF n = 250). Differential gene expression analysis was performed on all protein-coding genes that met a predefined minimum expression level. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology over-representation analysis was utilized to identify upregulated and downregulated biological pathways. The findings were validated in an independent cohort of 727 patients with HF. Out of 7672 protein-coding transcripts, 217 were upregulated and 110 were downregulated in patients with HFpEF compared with HFrEF. The 3 most significantly upregulated genes were neutrophil-expressed elastase, defensin alpha 4, and pro-platelet basic protein. The 3 most significantly downregulated genes were lymphotoxin beta, bridging integrator 1, and V-set pre-B cell surrogate light chain 3. Translation of differentially expressed genes into biological pathways demonstrated that the most significantly activated KEGG pathway in HFpEF was neutrophil extracellular trap formation.DISCUSSIONTranscriptomics analyses suggest activation of neutrophil extracellular trap formation pathways in patients with HFpEF. This pathway is associated with endothelial and coronary microvascular dysfunction and might be a target for future drug development in patients with HFpEF.

01 Mar 2025·Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

Development of protective egg yolk immunoglobulins (IgY) targeting CfaB, LTB, and EtpA recombinant proteins of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) for inhibiting toxin activity and bacterial adherence

Article

Author: Mohammadkhani, Fatemeh ; Rezaei Adriani, Razieh ; Mousavi Gargari, Seyed Latif ; Mafi, Maryam

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) stands as a prevalent bacterial cause of global diarrheal incidents. ETEC's primary virulence factors encompass the B subunit of the Heat Labile Enterotoxin, along with the adhesion factors CfaB and EtpA. In this study, we isolated IgY antibodies against the three virulence factors individually, in pairs, and as triple cocktails. The in vitro efficacy of these IgY antibodies was examined, focusing on inhibiting heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) toxin cytotoxicity and impeding ETEC adherence to HT29 cells. Assessing the impact of IgY-treated bacteria on intestinal epithelial cells utilized the standard ileal loop method. Results demonstrated that the anti-LTB IgY antibody at 125 µg/ml and IgY antibodies from double and tertiary cocktails at 200 µg/ml effectively inhibited LT toxin attachment to the Y1 cell line. Pre-incubation of HT29 intestinal cells with specific IgYs reduced bacterial attachment by 59.7%. In the ileal loop test, toxin neutralization with specific IgYs curtailed the toxin's function in the intestine, leading to a 74.8% reduction in fluid accumulation compared to control loops. These findings suggest that egg yolk immunoglobulins against recombinant proteins LTB, CfaB, and EtpA, either individually or in combination, hold promise as prophylactic antibodies to impede the functioning of ETEC bacteria.

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LTβ

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