Last update 01 Nov 2024

CCR5 x CCR1 x CCR3

Last update 01 Nov 2024

Basic Info

Related Targets

CCR5CCR1CCR3

Drugs associated with CCR5 x CCR1 x CCR3

SSFF-02

Target

CCR1 x CCR3 x CCR5

Mechanism

CCR1 antagonists [+2]

Active Org.

University of Texas at El Paso

Originator Org.

University of Texas at El Paso

Active Indication

Breast Cancer

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhasePreclinical

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

100 Clinical Results associated with CCR5 x CCR1 x CCR3

100 Translational Medicine associated with CCR5 x CCR1 x CCR3

0 Patents (Medical) associated with CCR5 x CCR1 x CCR3

234

Literatures (Medical) associated with CCR5 x CCR1 x CCR3

15 Jul 2024·The Journal of Immunology

CCR1 and CCR2 Coexpression on Monocytes Is Nonredundant and Delineates a Distinct Monocyte Subpopulation

Article

Author: Mathie, Heather ; Medina-Ruiz, Laura ; Graham, Gerard J. ; Halawa, Heba A. ; Bartolini, Robin ; Schuette, Fabian ; Cunningham, Madeleine

AbstractThe interactions between chemokines and their receptors, particularly in the context of inflammation, are complex, with individual receptors binding multiple ligands and individual ligands interacting with multiple receptors. In addition, there are numerous reports of simultaneous coexpression of multiple inflammatory chemokine receptors on individual inflammatory leukocyte subtypes. Overall, this has previously been interpreted as redundancy and proposed as a protective mechanism to ensure that the inflammatory response is robust. By contrast, we have hypothesized that the system is not redundant but exquisitely subtle. Our interests relate to the receptors CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, and CCR5, which, together, regulate nonneutrophilic myeloid cell recruitment to inflammatory sites. In this study, we demonstrate that although most murine monocytes exclusively express CCR2, there is a small subpopulation that is expanded during inflammation and coexpresses CCR1 and CCR2. Combinations of transcript and functional analysis demonstrate that this is not redundant expression and that coexpression of CCR1 and CCR2 marks a phenotypically distinct population of monocytes characterized by expression of genes otherwise typically associated with neutrophils. Single-cell RNA sequencing confirms this as a monodisperse population of atypical monocytes. This monocytic population has previously been described as having immunosuppressive activity. Overall, our data confirm combinatorial chemokine receptor expression by a subpopulation of monocytes but demonstrate that this is not redundant expression and marks a discrete monocytic population.

25 Aug 2023·Biomedicines

Interplay of Chemokines Receptors, Toll-like Receptors, and Host Immunological Pathways.

Review

Author: Lu, Kuo-Cheng ; Hu, Wan-Chung ; Liao, Min-Tser ; Tsai, Kuo-Wang ; Chu, Yuan-Tung

A comprehensive framework has been established for understanding immunological pathways, which can be categorized into eradicated and tolerable immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are associated with specific immune responses. TH1 immunity is related to TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9, while TH2 immunity is associated with TLR1, TLR2, and TLR6. TH22 immunity is linked to TLR2, TLR4, and TLR5, and THαβ (Tr1) immunity is related to TLR3, TLR7, and TLR9. The chemokine receptor CXCR5 is a marker of follicular helper T cells, and other chemokine receptors can also be classified within a framework based on host immunological pathways. On the basis of a literature review on chemokines and immunological pathways, the following associations were identified: CCR5 with TH1 responses, CCR1 with TH1-like responses, CCR4 (basophils) and CCR3 (eosinophils) with TH2 and TH9 responses, CCR10 with TH22 responses, CCR6 with TH17 responses, CXCR3 with THαβ responses, CCR8 with regulatory T cells (Treg), and CCR2 with TH3 responses. These findings contribute to the identification of biomarkers for immune cells and provide insights into host immunological pathways. Understanding the chemokine and Toll-like receptor system is crucial for comprehending the function of the innate immune system, as well as adaptive immune responses.

15 Jun 2023·Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Characterization of Chemotaxis-Associated Gene Dysregulation in Myeloid Cell Populations in the Lungs during Lipopolysaccharide-Mediated Acute Lung Injury.

Article

Author: Singh, Narendra ; Nagarkatti, Mitzi ; Cannon, Alkeiver ; Holloman, Bryan Latrell ; Wilson, Kiesha ; Nagarkatti, Prakash

During endotoxin-induced acute lung injury (ALI), immune cell recruitment resulting from chemotaxis is mediated by CXC and CC chemokines and their receptors. In this study, we investigated the role of chemokines and their receptors in the regulation of myeloid cell populations in the circulation and the lungs of C57BL/6J mice exhibiting LPS-mediated ALI using single-cell RNA sequencing. During ALI, there was an increase in the myeloid cells, M1 macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, and other granulocytes, whereas there was a decrease in the residential alveolar macrophages and M2 macrophages. Interestingly, LPS triggered the upregulation of CCL3, CCL4, CXCL2/3, and CXCL10 genes associated with cellular migration of various subsets of macrophages, neutrophils, and granulocytes. Furthermore, there was an increase in the frequency of myeloid cells expressing CCR1, CCR3, CCR5, and CXCR2 receptors during ALI. MicroRNA sequencing studies of vehicle versus LPS groups identified several dysregulated microRNAs targeting the upregulated chemokine genes. This study suggests that chemokine ligand-receptors interactions are responsible for myeloid cell heterogenicity and cellular recruitment to the lungs during ALI. The single-cell transcriptomics allowed for an in-depth assessment and characterization of myeloid cells involved in immune cell trafficking during ALI.

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