Last update 01 Nov 2024

POLI

Last update 01 Nov 2024

Basic Info

Synonyms

DNA polymerase iota, Eta2, POLI

+ [3]

Introduction

Error-prone DNA polymerase specifically involved in DNA repair (PubMed:11013228, PubMed:11387224). Plays an important role in translesion synthesis, where the normal high-fidelity DNA polymerases cannot proceed and DNA synthesis stalls (PubMed:11013228, PubMed:11387224, PubMed:14630940, PubMed:15199127). Favors Hoogsteen base-pairing in the active site (PubMed:15254543). Inserts the correct base with high-fidelity opposite an adenosine template (PubMed:15254543). Exhibits low fidelity and efficiency opposite a thymidine template, where it will preferentially insert guanosine (PubMed:11013228). May play a role in hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes (PubMed:12410315). Forms a Schiff base with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate at abasic sites, but may not have lyase activity (PubMed:11251121, PubMed:14630940).

Drugs associated with POLI

OPV2-c1

Target

POLI

Mechanism

POLI inhibitors

Active Org.

PT Bio Farma

Originator Org.

PT Bio Farma

Active Indication

Poliomyelitis

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhasePhase 3

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

100 Clinical Results associated with POLI

100 Translational Medicine associated with POLI

0 Patents (Medical) associated with POLI

204

Literatures (Medical) associated with POLI

01 Sep 2024·DNA Repair

Human translesion DNA polymerases ι and κ mediate tolerance to temozolomide in MGMT-deficient glioblastoma cells.

Article

Author: Leandro, Giovana da Silva ; Bastos, André Uchimura ; Ashton, Nicholas William ; Hoch, Nicolas Carlos ; Woodgate, Roger ; Moreno, Natália Cestari ; Menck, Carlos Frederico Martins ; Rocha, Clarissa Ribeiro Reily ; Ribeiro, Victória Chaves ; Martins, Davi Jardim ; Latancia, Marcela Teatin ; Ariwoola, Abu-Bakr Adetayo

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor associated with poor patient survival. The current standard treatment involves invasive surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy employing temozolomide (TMZ). Resistance to TMZ is, however, a major challenge. Previous work from our group has identified candidate genes linked to TMZ resistance, including genes encoding translesion synthesis (TLS) DNA polymerases iota (Polɩ) and kappa (Polκ). These specialized enzymes are known for bypassing lesions and tolerating DNA damage. Here, we investigated the roles of Polɩ and Polκ in TMZ resistance, employing MGMT-deficient U251-MG glioblastoma cells, with knockout of either POLI or POLK genes encoding Polɩ and Polκ, respectively, and assess their viability and genotoxic stress responses upon subsequent TMZ treatment. Cells lacking either of these polymerases exhibited a significant decrease in viability following TMZ treatment compared to parental counterparts. The restoration of the missing polymerase led to a recovery of cell viability. Furthermore, knockout cells displayed increased cell cycle arrest, mainly in late S-phase, and lower levels of genotoxic stress after TMZ treatment, as assessed by a reduction of γH2AX foci and flow cytometry data. This implies that TMZ treatment does not trigger a significant H2AX phosphorylation response in the absence of these proteins. Interestingly, combining TMZ with Mirin (double-strand break repair pathway inhibitor) further reduced the cell viability and increased DNA damage and γH2AX positive cells in TLS KO cells, but not in parental cells. These findings underscore the crucial roles of Polɩ and Polκ in conferring TMZ resistance and the potential backup role of homologous recombination in the absence of these TLS polymerases. Targeting these TLS enzymes, along with double-strand break DNA repair inhibition, could, therefore, provide a promising strategy to enhance TMZ's effectiveness in treating GBM.

01 Feb 2024·Molecular Biology and Evolution

Encyclopedia of Family A DNA Polymerases Localized in Organelles: Evolutionary Contribution of Bacteria Including the Proto-Mitochondrion

Article

Author: Yazaki, Euki ; Kim, Eunsoo ; Hirakawa, Yoshihisa ; Inagaki, Yuji ; Eliáš, Marek ; Nakano, Kentaro ; Harada, Ryo ; Kamikawa, Ryoma ; Yabuki, Akinori

AbstractDNA polymerases synthesize DNA from deoxyribonucleotides in a semiconservative manner and serve as the core of DNA replication and repair machinery. In eukaryotic cells, there are 2 genome-containing organelles, mitochondria, and plastids, which were derived from an alphaproteobacterium and a cyanobacterium, respectively. Except for rare cases of genome-lacking mitochondria and plastids, both organelles must be served by nucleus-encoded DNA polymerases that localize and work in them to maintain their genomes. The evolution of organellar DNA polymerases has yet to be fully understood because of 2 unsettled issues. First, the diversity of organellar DNA polymerases has not been elucidated in the full spectrum of eukaryotes. Second, it is unclear when the DNA polymerases that were used originally in the endosymbiotic bacteria giving rise to mitochondria and plastids were discarded, as the organellar DNA polymerases known to date show no phylogenetic affinity to those of the extant alphaproteobacteria or cyanobacteria. In this study, we identified from diverse eukaryotes 134 family A DNA polymerase sequences, which were classified into 10 novel types, and explored their evolutionary origins. The subcellular localizations of selected DNA polymerases were further examined experimentally. The results presented here suggest that the diversity of organellar DNA polymerases has been shaped by multiple transfers of the PolI gene from phylogenetically broad bacteria, and their occurrence in eukaryotes was additionally impacted by secondary plastid endosymbioses. Finally, we propose that the last eukaryotic common ancestor may have possessed 2 mitochondrial DNA polymerases, POP, and a candidate of the direct descendant of the proto-mitochondrial DNA polymerase I, rdxPolA, identified in this study.

01 Jan 2024·Gynecologic Oncology

Manipulation of metabolic responses enhances SHetA2 efficacy without toxicity in cervical cancer cell lines and xenografts

Article

Author: Benbrook, Doris Mangiaracina ; Lightfoot, Stanley ; Rai, Rajani

OBJECTIVEThe high frequency of cervical cancer recurrence after primary therapy necessitates alternative treatments. High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) causes cervical cancer and it's continued presence supports elevated metabolism, proliferation and survival of cancer cells. The low-to-no toxicity new investigational drug, SHetA2, counteracts high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) effects on cell proliferation and survival in cervical cancer cells and xenograft tumors by disrupting heat shock protein 70 chaperone protection of oncogenic proteins. Our objective was to study the involvement of metabolism in SHetA2 effects on cervical cancer cells and tumors.METHODSSHetA2-mediated proteomic and metabolic effects were measured in HR-HPV-positive CaSKi and SiHa and HR-HPV-negative C-33 A cervical cancer cell lines. Combined treatment with 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) was evaluated in cell culture and SiHa xenografts.RESULTSSHetA2 inhibited oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) and altered levels of proteins involved in metabolism, protein synthesis, and DNA replication and repair. Cervical cancer cells responded by elevating glycolysis. Inhibition of the glycolytic responses using galactose media or 2-DG increased SHetA2 sensitivity of two HR-HPV-positive, but not an HR-HPV-negative cervical cancer cell line. Interaction of 2-DG and SHetA2 was synergistic in HR-HPV positive cell lines in association with augmentation of SHetA2 ATP reduction, but not SHetA2 DNA damage induction. These results were verified in a SiHa xenograft tumor model without evidence of toxicity.CONCLUSIONSCompensatory glycolysis counteracts OxPhos inhibition in SHetA2-treated HR-HPV-positive cervical cancer cell lines. Prevention of compensatory glycolysis with 2-DG or another glycolysis inhibitor has the potential to improve SHetA2 therapy without toxicity.

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