Last update 01 Nov 2024

SEMA3A x PLXNA4

Last update 01 Nov 2024

Basic Info

Related Targets

SEMA3APLXNA4

Drugs associated with SEMA3A x PLXNA4

SGL-10060

Target

PLXNA4 x SEMA3A

Mechanism

PLXNA4 modulators [+1]

Active Org.

Seagull AS

Originator Org.

Seagull AS

Active Indication

Solid tumor

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhasePreclinical

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

100 Clinical Results associated with SEMA3A x PLXNA4

100 Translational Medicine associated with SEMA3A x PLXNA4

0 Patents (Medical) associated with SEMA3A x PLXNA4

Literatures (Medical) associated with SEMA3A x PLXNA4

16 Jan 2024·Science Signaling

Balancing act of small GTPases downstream of plexin-A4 signaling motifs promotes dendrite elaboration in mammalian cortical neurons

Article

Author: Tran, Tracy S. ; Abushalbaq, Oday ; Yaron, Avraham ; Baek, Jiyeon

The precise development of neuronal morphologies is crucial to the establishment of synaptic circuits and, ultimately, proper brain function. Signaling by the axon guidance cue semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) and its receptor complex of neuropilin-1 and plexin-A4 has multifunctional outcomes in neuronal morphogenesis. Downstream activation of the RhoGEF FARP2 through interaction with the lysine-arginine-lysine motif of plexin-A4 and consequent activation of the small GTPase Rac1 promotes dendrite arborization, but this pathway is dispensable for axon repulsion. Here, we investigated the interplay of small GTPase signaling mechanisms underlying Sema3A-mediated dendritic elaboration in mouse layer V cortical neurons in vitro and in vivo. Sema3A promoted the binding of the small GTPase Rnd1 to the amino acid motif leucine-valine-serine (LVS) in the cytoplasmic domain of plexin-A4. Rnd1 inhibited the activity of the small GTPase RhoA and the kinase ROCK, thus supporting the activity of the GTPase Rac1, which permitted the growth and branching of dendrites. Overexpression of a dominant-negative RhoA, a constitutively active Rac1, or the pharmacological inhibition of ROCK activity rescued defects in dendritic elaboration in neurons expressing a plexin-A4 mutant lacking the LVS motif. Our findings provide insights into the previously unappreciated balancing act between Rho and Rac signaling downstream of specific motifs in plexin-A4 to mediate Sema3A-dependent dendritic elaboration in mammalian cortical neuron development.

01 Sep 2022·Cells & Development

Modulation of DRG neurons response to semaphorin 3A via substrate stiffness

Article

Author: Tamariz Domínguez, Elisa ; Vela-Alcantara, Ana Monserrat ; Rios-Ramirez, Ariadna ; Rodriguez-Alba, Juan Carlos ; Santiago-Garcia, Juan

Semaphorin 3A (Sema3a) is a chemotropic protein that acts as a neuronal guidance cue and plays a major role in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons projection during embryo development. The present study evaluated the impact of stiffness in the repulsive response of DRG neurons to Sema3a when cultured over substrates of variable stiffness. Stiffness modified DRG neurons morphology and regulated their response to Sema3a, reducing the collapse of growth cones when they were cultured on softer substrates. Sema3a receptors expression was also regulated by stiffness, neuropilin-1 was overexpressed and plexin A4 mRNA was downregulated in stiffer substrates. Cytoskeleton distribution was also modified by stiffness. In softer substrates, βIII-tubulin and actin co-localized up to the leading edge of the growth cones, and as the substrate became stiffer, βIII-tubulin was confined to the transition and peripheral domains of the growth cone. Moreover, a decrease in the α-actinin adaptor protein was also observed in softer substrates. Our results show that substrate stiffness plays an important role in regulating the collapse response to Sema3a and that the modulation of cytoskeleton distribution and Sema3a receptors expression are related to the differential collapse responses of the growth cones.

01 Aug 2021·Journal of Biological ChemistryQ2 · BIOLOGY

Interactions between semaphorins and plexin–neuropilin receptor complexes in the membranes of live cells

Q2 · BIOLOGY

Article

Author: Yu, Jennifer S ; Tracy, Erin ; Buck, Matthias ; Christie, Shaun M ; Hao, Jing ; Smith, Adam W

Signaling of semaphorin ligands via their plexin-neuropilin receptors is involved in tissue patterning in the developing embryo. These proteins play roles in cell migration and adhesion but are also important in disease etiology, including in cancer angiogenesis and metastasis. While some structures of the soluble domains of these receptors have been determined, the conformations of the full-length receptor complexes are just beginning to be elucidated, especially within the context of the plasma membrane. Pulsed-interleaved excitation fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy allows direct insight into the formation of protein-protein interactions in the membranes of live cells. Here, we investigated the homodimerization of neuropilin-1 (Nrp1), plexin A2, plexin A4, and plexin D1 using pulsed-interleaved excitation fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy. Consistent with previous studies, we found that Nrp1, plexin A2, and plexin A4 are present as dimers in the absence of exogenous ligand. Plexin D1, on the other hand, was monomeric under similar conditions, which had not been previously reported. We also found that plexin A2 and A4 assemble into a heteromeric complex. Stimulation with semaphorin 3A or semaphorin 3C neither disrupts nor enhances the dimerization of the receptors when expressed alone, suggesting that activation involves a conformational change rather than a shift in the monomer-dimer equilibrium. However, upon stimulation with semaphorin 3C, plexin D1 and Nrp1 form a heteromeric complex. This analysis of interactions provides a complementary approach to the existing structural and biochemical data that will aid in the development of new therapeutic strategies to target these receptors in cancer.

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