What are the side effects of Brexpiprazole?

Brexpiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic medication used primarily to treat conditions such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia. Like all medications, it comes with a range of possible side effects that patients and healthcare providers should be aware of before starting treatment. Understanding these side effects is crucial to managing them effectively and ensuring the medication's benefits outweigh its potential risks.

One of the most common side effects of Brexpiprazole is weight gain. Patients may experience an increase in appetite, leading to significant weight changes over time. This side effect can be particularly concerning because it may contribute to other health issues, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Regular monitoring of weight and encouraging a balanced diet and physical activity can help manage this side effect.

Another frequent side effect is akathisia, which is characterized by an inner sense of restlessness and an inability to stay still. This can be quite uncomfortable and may lead to difficulties in daily functioning. If akathisia becomes problematic, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider, as dose adjustments or additional medications may be needed to alleviate this symptom.

Somnolence, or drowsiness, is also a notable side effect of Brexpiprazole. This can affect a patient's ability to perform tasks that require constant alertness, such as driving or operating heavy machinery. In some cases, adjusting the timing of the medication or the dose can help manage drowsiness. Patients should discuss any persistent or severe drowsiness with their healthcare provider.

Brexpiprazole can increase the risk of developing metabolic changes, including elevated blood sugar levels and lipid abnormalities. These changes can predispose individuals to conditions such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Regular monitoring of blood glucose and lipid levels is recommended, and lifestyle modifications or medications may be necessary to manage these changes.

Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), which include tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and involuntary muscle movements, can also occur with Brexpiprazole use. Although less common, these symptoms can be distressing and may require medical intervention. If EPS are observed, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider for appropriate management.

Orthostatic hypotension, a condition where blood pressure drops significantly when standing up, can cause dizziness or fainting. This side effect is particularly concerning for elderly patients who may be at higher risk of falls. Patients are advised to rise slowly from sitting or lying positions and to stay hydrated to mitigate this risk.

Brexpiprazole can also affect mood and behavior, leading to symptoms such as anxiety, agitation, or suicidal thoughts, particularly when starting the medication or adjusting the dose. It is essential for patients and caregivers to monitor for any sudden changes in mood or behavior and to report these changes to a healthcare provider immediately.

Less common, but serious, side effects include neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by fever, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic dysfunction. Immediate medical attention is required if NMS is suspected.

Additionally, Brexpiprazole may cause rare but serious blood disorders like leukopenia, neutropenia, and agranulocytosis. Regular blood tests are usually conducted to monitor for these conditions, and any signs of infection or unexplained fever should be reported to a healthcare provider promptly.

Sexual side effects, such as reduced libido or erectile dysfunction, can also occur with Brexpiprazole use. These side effects can impact quality of life and should be discussed with a healthcare provider, who may be able to suggest alternative treatments or adjustments.

It is important for patients to have an open line of communication with their healthcare providers to manage any side effects that arise. By staying informed and proactive, patients can better navigate the challenges of their treatment and achieve the best possible outcomes with Brexpiprazole.