What are the side effects of Teneligliptin?

Teneligliptin is a medication commonly prescribed for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It belongs to a class of drugs known as DPP-4 inhibitors, which function by increasing the levels of incretin hormones, thereby enhancing insulin secretion and decreasing glucagon levels in the bloodstream. While Teneligliptin can be effective in managing blood sugar levels, like any medication, it comes with potential side effects that patients should be aware of.

Gastrointestinal Issues

One of the most common side effects of Teneligliptin is gastrointestinal discomfort. Patients may experience symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. These symptoms are generally mild to moderate and tend to subside as the body adjusts to the medication. However, if these symptoms persist or worsen, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional.

Hypoglycemia

Although Teneligliptin is less likely to cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar levels) compared to other antidiabetic medications, it is not entirely risk-free. The likelihood of hypoglycemia increases when Teneligliptin is used in combination with other antidiabetic drugs such as sulfonylureas or insulin. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include dizziness, sweating, confusion, and palpitations. Immediate consumption of fast-acting carbohydrates like glucose tablets or fruit juice can help alleviate these symptoms.

Allergic Reactions

Allergic reactions to Teneligliptin are rare but possible. Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include rash, itching, swelling (especially of the face, tongue, or throat), severe dizziness, and difficulty breathing. If any of these symptoms occur, medical attention should be sought immediately. It is crucial to inform your healthcare provider about any known allergies before starting Teneligliptin.

Pancreatitis

Another serious but uncommon side effect of Teneligliptin is pancreatitis, an inflammation of the pancreas. Symptoms of pancreatitis include severe abdominal pain, persistent nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. If these symptoms are experienced, it is crucial to stop taking the medication and seek medical advice immediately. Pancreatitis can be a life-threatening condition if not treated promptly.

Joint Pain

Some patients have reported experiencing joint pain while taking Teneligliptin. This side effect, although not very common, can be quite troublesome. If joint pain becomes severe, it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider for alternative treatment options. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be prescribed to manage the pain.

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

Teneligliptin can sometimes lead to upper respiratory tract infections, manifesting as symptoms such as a runny nose, sore throat, and cough. These infections are generally mild and can be managed with over-the-counter medications. However, if symptoms persist or worsen, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional.

Kidney Function

Patients with pre-existing kidney conditions need to exercise caution when using Teneligliptin. The medication is primarily excreted through the kidneys, and impaired kidney function can lead to increased levels of the drug in the bloodstream, thereby increasing the risk of side effects. Regular monitoring of kidney function through blood tests is recommended for these patients.

In summary, while Teneligliptin is an effective medication for managing type 2 diabetes, it is not without its potential side effects. Gastrointestinal issues, hypoglycemia, allergic reactions, pancreatitis, joint pain, upper respiratory tract infections, and concerns about kidney function are among the side effects that patients may experience. It is essential to consult healthcare providers for a comprehensive understanding of the risks and benefits associated with Teneligliptin and to undergo regular monitoring to ensure the safe and effective use of the medication.