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Last update 08 May 2025

Toxocariasis

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

Infection caused by Toxocara, Infection caused by Toxocara (disorder), Infection due to Toxocara

+ [16]

Introduction

Infection by round worms of the genus TOXOCARA, usually found in wild and domesticated cats and dogs and foxes, except for the larvae, which may produce visceral and ocular larva migrans in man.

Drugs associated with Toxocariasis

COU 9

Target-

Mechanism-

Active Org.

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

Originator Org.

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

Active Indication

Toxocariasis

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhasePreclinical

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

Thiabendazole

Target

CYP1A2

Mechanism

CYP1A2 inhibitors

Active Org.-

Originator Org.

Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.

Active Indication-

Inactive Indication

Dracunculiasis [+2]

Drug Highest PhaseWithdrawn

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.

United States

First Approval Date07 Apr 1967

Clinical Trials associated with Toxocariasis

NCT05208333

/ Unknown statusNot ApplicableIIT

Research on the Situation of Toxacara Infection and the Effectiveness of Albendazole Treatment Among Pupils Aged 3-15 Years in Ho Chi Minh City

This study consists 2 phases. The first phase will conduct a cross-sectional study to determine the infection rate of Toxocariasis larvae, describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics, identify risk factors related to Toxocariasis larva infection. The second phase will conduct an interventional study to evaluate the effectiveness and factors related to the Albendazole treatment on pupils infected with Toxocariasis larvae in Ho Chi Minh City.

Start Date01 May 2022

Sponsor / Collaborator

Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine

NCT03814837

/ Unknown statusNot ApplicableIIT

A Study for the Ocular Toxocariasis in the Patients Who Were Diagnosed With the Pulmonary Toxocariasis, and Ocular Toxocariasis Cohort: TOXOCARA Study

TOXOCARA Study is a prospective observational cohort study. The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of ocular toxocariasis (OT) associated with pulmonary toxocariasis (PT) in patients with chest diagnostic image tests (chest X-ray, chest CT) with migrating ground glass opacity or nodular lesions. Also a cohort study is to track the results of treatment for diagnosed ocular toxocariasis (OT) patients.

Start Date10 Jul 2017

Sponsor / Collaborator

University of Ulsan

[+1]

JPRN-UMIN000022908

/ CompletedNot ApplicableIIT

Multicenter study of new diagnostic test kit for human toxocariasis - Development of diagnostic test kit for toxocariasis

Start Date01 Sep 2016

Sponsor / Collaborator

Tokyo Medical & Dental University

100 Clinical Results associated with Toxocariasis

100 Translational Medicine associated with Toxocariasis

0 Patents (Medical) associated with Toxocariasis

1,848

Literatures (Medical) associated with Toxocariasis

01 Jul 2025·Microbial Pathogenesis

Developing a serological test for the diagnosis of toxocarasis using a novel recombinant multi-epitope

Article

Author: Ebrahimi, Maryam ; Bidroni, Farid Tahvildar ; Sadjjadi, Seyed Mahmoud ; Heydarifard, Zahra ; Mohammadzadeh, Tahereh ; Seyyed Tabaei, Seyyed Javad ; Javadi Mamaghani, Amirreza

Human toxocariasis, a zoonotic infection caused by the ingestion of embryonated eggs of Toxocara canis (T. canis) or Toxocara cati (T. cati), or by consuming paratenic hosts, is characterized by diverse clinical manifestations. Diagnosis of this disease predominantly relies on serological testing, for which the selection of appropriate antigens is crucial to ensure accurate detection. Prior research has highlighted the potential of multi-epitope antigens to improve diagnostic precision. This study focused on evaluating the immunogenicity of synthetic proteins containing multiple immunodominant epitopes derived from T. canis antigens, specifically Toxocara excretory-secretory (TES) proteins TES-120, TES-30, and TES-26. A multi-epitope structure was designed, synthesized, and cloned into the pET28-b expression plasmid. The plasmid was then introduced into Escherichia coli (E. coli) BL21 competent cells, and the recombinant protein was expressed and purified after 16 h of bacterial cultivation. The diagnostic utility of the recombinant antigen for detecting anti-toxocariasis IgG antibodies was evaluated using an indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The results showed a sensitivity of 94.2 % and a specificity of 100 %, indicating high diagnostic accuracy. These findings underscore the potential of the synthetic multi-epitope recombinant antigen as a valuable diagnostic tool for improving the accuracy of human toxocariasis diagnostic kits. The designed multi-epitope proteins exhibit strong potential as diagnostic markers, offering high sensitivity and specificity for the development of indirect ELISA-based diagnostic assays. This study contributes to the development of more reliable and precise diagnostic tools for toxocariasis.

01 Jun 2025·Acta Parasitologica

In vitro Evaluation of the Nematicidal Efficacy of Quercetin on Adult Toxocara canis

Article

Author: Elmahy, Rasha A ; Radwan, Nahla A

AbstractPurposeToxocara canis is a globally distributed zoonotic parasite found in dogs' intestines, leading to various pathological damages, particularly to the intestinal flora. The larval stage causes human toxocariasis, especially in children, and may result in neurological disorders and blindness. Quercetin is a flavonoid with strong secondary metabolites and possesses medicinal advantages and antiparasitic qualities.MethodsThe assay involved four groups, each of 10 young adult T. canis; Group I was incubated in concentrations of an ethanolic extract of quercetin, Group II in albendazole (0.2 mM/ml) (+ve control), Group III in RPMI 1640 medium with ethanol (control), and Group IV in RPMI 1640 medium only (-ve control). The potential action of quercetin against adult T. canis in vitro was detected using scanning electron microscopy, histological investigations, and enzyme analysis.ResultsSEM declared that exposure to LC90 of quercetin caused body shrinkage, cuticle and caudal papillae swelling, and disfigurement and erosion of cuticular annulations. Compared to albendazole's effect on the treated worm's body wall, results showed that quercetin generates oxidative stress and has an extensive and variable effect on T. canis organs, including the body wall, the gut, and the genitalia.ConclusionQuercetin may set the stage for a new class of medications with remarkable potential for treating parasitic nematodes in dogs and could be extended to humans. This is the first time to employ a comprehensive study illuminating the potential action of quercetin against adult Toxocara canis in vitro.

01 May 2025·Journal of Neuroimmunology

Toxocara canis-originated recombinant C-type lectin improves the disability scores of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in murine in vivo models

Article

Author: Hosseini, Seyed Hossein ; Lalehpour, Mahya ; Vojgani, Mohammad ; Shayan, Parviz ; Naser Moghadasi, Abdorreza ; Malekzade, Parmida ; Jalousian, Fateme ; Shahbakhsh, Mahsa ; Bonab, Samad Farashi

BACKGROUNDThe recombinant C-type lectin protein (r-CTL) derived from Toxocara canis larvae is thought to play a role in promoting regulatory T cell-dominant immune responses in toxocariasis. This study aimed to highlight the therapeutic potential of the r-CTL protein in improving the disability scores of EAE by enhancing the Foxp3⁺-CD25⁺ T cells population.METHODSThe r-CTL was expressed in prokaryotic systems and purified using Ni-NTA spin columns. Balb/C57 mice were divided into six groups, with EAE induced in four of them, excluding the healthy control group and the group receiving only r-CTL treatment. Group I (n = 10) received r-CTL treatment post EAE induction, Group II (n = 10) underwent EAE induction only, Group III (n = 5) received treatment with E. coli lysate proteins containing E. coli BL21 and plasmid pET32a without r-CTL after EAE induction, Group IV (n = 5) received sterile PBS after EAE induction, Group V (n = 5) served as the healthy control group, and Group VI (n = 5) received only r-CTL treatment.RESULTSThe study's findings revealed that r-CTL treatment significantly decreased disability scores in EAE-induced mice. There was a notable increase in the population of CD4+, CD25+, FOXP3+ regulatory T cells following r-CTL treatment. The gene expression levels of IL-10, FOXP3, and GATA3 were significantly elevated in the r-CTL treated group, while the expression of T-bet and RORγ genes was reduced. Treatment with r-CTL significantly mitigated cell infiltration and demyelination in both the spinal cord and brain.CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, the observed improvements in disability scores in the EAE mouse model suggest that r-CTL protein could be a potential new treatment approach worth further investigation.

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