Last update 21 Mar 2024
Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile
Last update 21 Mar 2024
Basic Info
Synonyms Adolescent Myoclonic Epilepsy, EJM, EPILEPSY, MYOCLONIC JUVENILE + [52] |
Introduction A disorder characterized by the onset of myoclonus in adolescence, a marked increase in the incidence of absence seizures (see EPILEPSY, ABSENCE), and generalized major motor seizures (see EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). The myoclonic episodes tend to occur shortly after awakening. Seizures tend to be aggravated by sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Hereditary and sporadic forms have been identified. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p323) |
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Tele-school health led Epilepsy Smart Schools in India: An Implementation Initiative with Mixed Methods Assessment (Tele_ESSI). - Tele_ESSI
Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled, Parallel Design Phase II b Study of Safety and Efficacy of MGCND00EP1 as an Add on Treatment in Children and Adolescents With Resistant Epilepsies
Investigation of Serum Antimullerian Hormone Levels in Adolescent Epilepsy Patients
100 Clinical Results associated with Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile
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100 Translational Medicine associated with Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile
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12 Feb 2024Brain connectivity
Increased thalamic connectivity in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy based on electroencephalography source-level analysis.
Article
Author: Dong Ah Lee ; Sung Eun Kim ; Kang Min Park
BACKGROUND:
This study investigated alterations in the intrinsic thalamic network of patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) based on electroencephalography (EEG) source-level analysis.
METHODS:
We enrolled patients newly diagnosed with JME, as well as healthy controls. The assessments were conducted in the resting state. We computed sources based on the scalp electrical potentials using a minimum norm imaging method and a standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography approach. To create a functional connectivity matrix, we used a Talairach atlas to define thalamic nodes and applied the coherence method to measure brain synchronization as edges. We then calculated the intrinsic thalamic network using graph theory. We compared the intrinsic thalamic network of the patients with JME to those of the healthy controls.
RESULTS:
This study included 67 patients with JME and 66 healthy controls. EEG source-level analysis revealed significant differences in the intrinsic thalamic networks between patients with JME and healthy controls. The measures of functional connectivity (radius, diameter, and characteristic path length) were significantly lower in patients with JME than in in healthy controls (radius: 2.769 vs. 3.544, p=0.015; diameter: 4.464 vs. 5.443, p=0.024; characteristic path length: 2.248 vs. 2.616, p=0.046).
CONCLUSION:
We demonstrated alterations in the intrinsic thalamic network in patients with JME compared to those in healthy controls based on EEG source-level analysis. These findings indicated increased thalamic connectivity in the JME group. These intrinsic thalamic network changes may be related to the pathophysiology of JME.
01 Jan 2024Chinese herbal medicines
Jatonik polyherbal mixture induced rat liver MMPT pore opening in normal Wistar rat: In vitro and in vivo studies.
Article
Author: Olabinri P Folashade ; Ibrahim Damilare Boyenle ; Tolulope A Oyedeji ; Fiyinfoluwa Demilade Ojeniyi ; Adisa Ayobami Damilare ; Leonard O Ehigie ; Adeola Folasade Ehigie
Objective:
To assess acute toxicity, the in vitro and in vivo effects of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts (JME and JEE) of Jatonik polyherbal mixture on some mitochondria-related parameters and their effect on the activity of some liver enzymes.
Methods:
Acute toxicity of JME and JEE was determined using Lorke's method. In vitro and in vivo opening of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore (MMPT pore) was spectrophotometrically assayed. Production of malondialdehyde (MDA) as an index of lipid peroxidation and the activity of mitochondrial ATPase was evaluated in vitro and in vivo and the effect of JME and JEE on the activity of liver enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate and alanine aminotransferase (AST and ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was also investigated.
Results:
JME had an LD50 of 3 808 mg/kg b.w whereas JEE had an LD50 greater than 5 000 mg/kg b.w. of rats. After the rats have been fed with both extracts, a photomicrograph of a piece of liver tissue showed no apparent symptoms of toxicity. From the in vitro and in vivo studies, both extracts prompted intact mitochondria to open their MMPT pores. When compared to the control, lipid peroxide product release and ATPase activity were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in vitro and in vivo. The activities of AST, ALT, and GGT were all reduced at 50 mg/kg when treated with JME, but the activity of AST was considerably enhanced when treated with JEE (P < 0.05). The results revealed that both JME and JEE of the Jatonik polyherbal mixture had low toxicity, profound MMPTpore induction, and enhanced ATPase activity, but an increased MDA production.
Conclusion:
Jatonik extracts may be a promising target for drug development in diseases where there is dysregulation of apoptosis, however, further studies are needed to better clarify the molecular mechanism involved in these phenomena.
23 Dec 2023Seizure
Diffusion tensor imaging in photosensitive and nonphotosensitive juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.
Article
Author: Dilan Acar ; Emel Ur Ozcelik ; Betül Baykan ; Nerses Bebek ; Tamer Demiralp ; Ali Bayram
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND:
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) syndrome is known to cause alterations in brain structure and white matter integrity. The study aimed to determine structural white matter changes in patients with JME and to reveal the differences between the photosensitive (PS) and nonphotosensitive (NPS) subgroups by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) using the tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) method.
METHODS:
This study included data from 16 PS, 15 NPS patients with JME, and 41 healthy participants. The mean fractional anisotropy (FA) values of these groups were calculated, and comparisons were made via the TBSS method over FA values in the whole-brain and 81 regions of interest (ROI) obtained from the John Hopkins University White Matter Atlas.
RESULTS:
In the whole-brain TBSS analysis, no significant differences in FA values were observed in pairwise comparisons of JME patient group and subgroups with healthy controls (HCs) and in comparison between JME subgroups. In ROI-based TBSS analysis, an increase in FA values of right anterior corona radiata and left corticospinal pathways was found in JME patient group compared with HC group. When comparing JME-PS patients with HCs, an FA increase was observed in the bilateral anterior corona radiata region, whereas when comparing JME-NPS patients with HCs, an FA increase was observed in bilateral corticospinal pathway. Moreover, in subgroup comparison, an increase in FA values was noted in corpus callosum genu region in JME-PS compared with JME-NPS.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our results support the disruption in thalamofrontal white matter integrity in JME, and subgroups and highlight the importance of using different analysis methods to show the underlying microstructural changes.
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