Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced

Researchers have investigated the relation between 40-year-old women's pregnancy history and later risk of dying of cardiovascular diseases. Within each level of total number of pregnancies women had by age 40, mortality risk increased with increasing number of complicated pregnancies. Researchers from University of Bergen have investigated the relation between 40-year-old women's pregnancy history and later risk of dying of cardiovascular diseases. It is established that women with a complication of pregnancy are at about 2-fold increased risk of later cardiovascular disease. However, most previous studies have focused on individual complications and not full pregnancy histories. "Pregnancy history is a unique feature of women's health, readily available at no cost, and relevant to the most frequent cause of death facing women," says Associate Professor, Liv Grimstvedt Kvalvik at the Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway She has, together with Researchers at National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, USA and colleagues at the University of Bergen, investigated the link between a woman's total pregnancy history at 40 years of age and her relative risk of dying from atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The article is published in the Journal of the American Heart Association. Five-time and even higher risk of dying of cardiovascular disease. The study combined several Norwegian registries covering the period 1967 to 2020. More than 800,000 women surviving to 40 years of age were identified. The main outcome was the time to ASVC mortality through age 69 years. The exposure was a woman's number of recorded pregnancies, from zero to four, and the number of those with complications, such as preterm delivery before 35 gestational weeks, preeclampsia (high blood pressure and protein in the urine), placental abruption (when the placenta separates from the uterus), perinatal death, and term or near-term birth weight less than 2700 grams. They found that pregnancy history at 40 years of age is strongly associated with ASCVD mortality: "Among women reaching 40 years of age, risk of ASCVD mortality through 69 years of age increased with the number of complicated pregnancies in a strong dose-response fashion," says Kvalvik. Within each level of total number of pregnancies women had by age 40, mortality risk increased with increasing number of complicated pregnancies. Women with more than one complicated pregnancy by 40 years of age can have an increased risk of 3-5-fold and even greater. In comparison, women with the lowest with 3 pregnancies without complications, had the lowest ASCVD mortality risk. Might benefit from interventions at an early age. "There is increasing scientific evidence supporting the associations between adverse pregnancy outcomes and later CVD, even as women with complications may be unaware of their increased CVD risk," says Kvalvik and adds: "Our findings support the potential use of complete pregnancy history to identify relatively young women who might benefit from interventions to reduce cardiovascular mortality and morbidity before other clinical indicators of CVD risk have fully emerged."

A new study challenges the prevailing view on the maternal death rate in the United States. The findings show that the rates of maternal death were stable between 1999-2002 and 2018-2021, instead of the dramatic upward trends previously reported. Additionally, the study indicates that direct obstetric causes of death declined over the last 20 years. A new study published in the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, published by Elsevier, challenges the prevailing view on the maternal death rate in the United States. The findings show that the rates of maternal death were stable between 1999-2002 and 2018-2021, instead of the dramatic upward trends previously reported by the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Additionally, the study indicates that direct obstetric causes of death declined over the last 20 years. To determine whether the reported maternal death rates are accurate, a team of researchers took a deep dive into the underlying data and looked at the factors driving the increase, namely, changes in obstetric factors, maternal chronic conditions, and surveillance issues (i.e., changes in data collection methods). Maternal deaths refer to those occurring during pregnancy, childbirth, or the postpartum period from conditions directly related to pregnancy or those exacerbated by pregnancy and birth (accidental and incidental deaths in pregnancy are not included in the maternal death definition). Lead author K.S. Joseph, MD, PhD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia and the Children's and Women's Hospital and Health Centre of British Columbia; and School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, said "Our study showed that maternal mortality rates were low and stable between 1999-2002 and 2018-2021, which is very different from the high rates and dramatic increases reported by the NVSS in recent years. We found that exclusive reliance on the pregnancy checkbox on death certificates, without corroboration from the cause-of-death information, led to an overestimation of maternal mortality rates by the NVSS in 2018-2021." Researchers examined all deaths in the US between 1999 and 2021 using an approach that enables greater accuracy in how maternal deaths are identified and classified in the mortality database. The study uncovered several indications that the pregnancy checkbox was responsible for misclassifying nonmaternal and incidental deaths in pregnancy as maternal deaths. These included a 46-fold increase in maternal deaths among women with malignant neoplasms (which likely represent incidental deaths in pregnancy and not maternal deaths). Also, a substantially higher proportion of maternal deaths identified by the pregnancy checkbox had a single entry in the cause-of-death section, which requires a listing of all the immediate, intermediate, contributory, and underlying causes of death (thus suggesting a less thorough approach to death certification). Although the pregnancy checkbox was introduced on death certificates in 2003 to improve identification of maternal death, its use between 2003 and 2017 was associated with some substantial errors. A detailed investigation by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), CDC showed that the checkbox was erroneously ticked in many cases, leading to misclassification and overestimation of maternal death. For example, hundreds of decedents, 70 years of age and older (including 147 women aged 85 years and older in 2013), were certified as pregnant at the time of death or in the year prior. The NCHS concluded that the entire increase in maternal mortality in the US between 2003 and 2017 was due to the pregnancy checkbox. In response, NCHS made specific changes regarding pregnancy checkbox use for deaths from 2018 onwards but NVSS reports show that maternal mortality rates have continued to increase (nearly doubling from 2018 to 2021). Roberto Romero, MD, DMedSci, Editor-in-Chief for Obstetrics of the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology (AJOG), and Chief of the Pregnancy Research Branch of NICHD, NIH, stated, "Accurate assessment of the number and causes of maternal death is an important priority for countries and healthcare policymakers. Improving maternal mortality surveillance is key to formulating plans to improve maternal health. Comparisons of the rate of maternal death among countries should be interpreted with great caution because the methods of surveillance and accuracy differ. The article by Dr. Joseph and a distinguished group of epidemiologists and obstetricians published in AJOG calls attention to the need to improve surveillance in the United States and to thoughtful interpretation of reported statistics." Co-author Justin S. Brandt, MD, Director of the Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, notes, "By not relying on the pregnancy checkbox, our approach avoided the misclassification that has given the false impression of increasing maternal mortality rates in the US. Identifying maternal deaths by requiring mention of pregnancy among the multiple causes of death shows stable maternal mortality rates and declines in maternal deaths from direct obstetric causes." The research team previously published a study on maternal mortality in the US in 2017, which also showed stable rates of maternal mortality from 1999 to 2014. As mentioned, their results were subsequently validated by a detailed investigation carried out by the NCHS and published in January 2020. Although the study's findings contradict the mainstream narrative of high and rising rates of maternal death in the US, the results are consistent with changes in maternal characteristics and improvements in obstetric practice. For instance, the increase in maternal deaths due to specific placental complications (i.e., placenta accreta spectrum disorder) observed in their study is consistent with increases in deliveries to women with a previous cesarean delivery. Similarly, the reduction in maternal deaths due to hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (i.e., preeclampsia/eclampsia), blood clot embolism (i.e., thromboembolism), and infection (i.e., puerperal sepsis) is consistent with advances in the obstetric management of these conditions. The study also showed a reduction in overall maternal mortality, and especially in maternal deaths from direct obstetric causes among non-Hispanic Blacks, which is encouraging. However, the disproportionately high rate of maternal death among Non-Hispanic Blacks in 2018-21 and the persistent racial/ethnic disparities are concerning, as is the small increase in direct obstetric deaths among non-Hispanic Whites. Co-author Cande Ananth, PhD, MPH, MD, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences; Cardiovascular Institute of New Jersey and Department of Medicine; and Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; and Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, elaborates, "Our analysis suggests that people who are Black remain at much higher risk of dying due to pregnancy complications compared with people who are White. The continuing disparities in maternal mortality rates are concerning and deserve strategic and focused efforts to combat structural racism and designed to address chronic conditions disproportionately represented in this subpopulation." The study provides important insights into cause- and race/ethnicity-specific maternal mortality and provides suggestions for the appropriate use of the pregnancy checkbox on death certificates. The authors hope that these findings will serve as the evidentiary basis for clinical and public health initiatives for reducing maternal mortality.

--Enrollment ongoing for patients with microsatellite stability (MSS) colorectal cancer (CRC) in Phase1/2 trial of NGM707, a dual ILT2/ILT4 antagonist antibody product candidate, in combination with KEYTRUDA® (pembrolizumab) with expected completion of enrollment in the second quarter of 2024-- --Announced ongoing toxicology activities intended to support initiation of a potential proof-of-concept study of NGM120, a GDF15/GFRAL antagonist, for the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) by the end of 2024-- --Ongoing discussions with regulators on the design of a potential registrational trial of aldafermin, an engineered FGF19 analog, for the treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a rare liver disease, using surrogate endpoints-- --Reported $144.2 million in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of December 31, 2023-- --On February 26, 2024, announced that it had entered into the Agreement and Plan of Merger with Atlas Neon Parent, Inc., and Atlas Neon Merger Sub, Inc.-- SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, Calif., March 11, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- NGM Biopharmaceuticals, Inc., (NGM Bio) (Nasdaq: NGM), a biotechnology company focused on discovering and developing transformative therapeutics for patients, today provided recent business highlights and reported financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2023. “In 2023, we made significant progress in patient enrollment in trials of our solid tumor drug candidates. Most notably, we are encouraged by the signals of activity observed in our NGM707 Phase 1b trial, particularly among MSS CRC patients whose lesions are typically unresponsive to immuno-checkpoint therapies. We also made progress in our discussions with the FDA regarding the design of a potential registrational Phase 2 study of aldafermin in PSC using a primary endpoint composed of surrogate biomarkers of PSC progression and obtained orphan drug designation from the agency for aldafermin for the treatment of PSC,” said David J. Woodhouse, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer at NGM Bio. “In 2024, we are focused on completing patient enrollment for NGM707 with a potential interim Phase 1b trial readout in the middle of the year, initiating a potential Phase 2 proof-of-concept trial of NGM120 in HG by the end of 2024, and, provided we have the financial resources and agreement on trial design, initiating a registrational Phase 2 trial of aldafermin in PSC patients. Our priority remains to seek licensing and other business development partners across all our wholly-owned product candidates and to allocate our resources to the programs that we believe have the greatest potential both in the near- and long-term.” Key Fourth Quarter and Recent Highlights Solid Tumor Oncology Disclosed in January 2024 encouraging findings in a Phase 1 Part 1b cohort of the ongoing Phase 1/2 trial evaluating NGM707 in combination with pembrolizumab for the treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors, including MSS CRC patients. 46 patients were enrolled as of the November 6, 2023 data-cutoff and, of the 37 response-evaluable patients (those completing at least one on-treatment scan), there were four confirmed partial responses across multiple indications, including one pathological complete response, and 12 patients with stable disease (11% overall response rate and 43% disease control rate). The combination of NGM707 and pembrolizumab was generally well-tolerated at all four doses (200, 600, 1200, 1800 mg) of NGM707. The maximum tolerated dose was not reached. NGM Bio expects to complete enrollment in the Phase 1 Part 1b cohort in the second quarter of 2024 and anticipates providing an update in mid-2024 on the fully enrolled cohort and subsequent next steps, including, provided sufficient financial resources, the potential for additional cohorts, which NGM Bio expects will include MSS CRC patients. Completed enrollment in the Phase 1 Part 1b cohorts of the Phase 1/1b trials evaluating NGM831, an ILT3 antagonist antibody product candidate, and NGM438, a LAIR1 antagonist antibody product candidate, in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. NGM831 and NGM438, alone and in combination with pembrolizumab, have been generally well-tolerated and there have been no dose limiting toxicities noted to date. Initiated an ongoing Phase 1, Part 1c dose finding cohort evaluating the triplet combination of NGM831, NGM438 and pembrolizumab. This cohort is anticipated to complete enrollment in the first half of 2024. Hyperemesis Gravidarum Announced in January 2024 potential development of NGM120 for the treatment of HG. NGM120, a GFRAL antagonist antibody, is designed to block GDF15 signaling, the central cause of HG and, thereby, may potentially have therapeutic benefit for treating pregnant women suffering from HG. HG is a rare, serious condition that affects approximately 100,000 – 150,000 women in the United States each year during pregnancy and is characterized by intractable nausea and vomiting, which then results in dehydration, weight loss and malnutrition. HG has a significant physical and psychosocial impact on patients and leads to overall higher rates of fetal loss, preeclampsia, preterm birth, low birth weight and fetal malnutrition. HG is the second leading cause of hospitalization in pregnancy (second to preterm labor) and typically recurs in subsequent pregnancies. There are currently no FDA-approved therapies for this condition. Research1 has shown that GDF15 levels increase steadily in early pregnancy and, on average, are higher in women who experience nausea and vomiting in pregnancy and HG. The research also indicated that women with GDF15 genetic variants associated with lower levels of GDF15 in a non-pregnant state are predisposed to HG. NGM Bio’s goal is to initiate a Phase 2 proof-of-concept study of NGM120 for the treatment of HG by the end of 2024. NGM Bio is in the process of producing a toxicology package to submit to regulatory authorities in Australia or the United Kingdom that we hope will support initiation of the trial. Aldafermin Presented positive Phase 2b results from the ALPINE 4 trial of aldafermin in compensated cirrhosis (F4) due to NASH at AASLD The Liver Meeting in November 2023. In January 2024, announced U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted orphan drug designation to aldafermin, an engineered FGF19 analog, for the treatment of PSC. NGM Bio plans to further develop aldafermin for the treatment of PSC, a rare liver disease that irreparably damages the bile ducts, leading to bile acid dysregulation, which, ultimately, results in serious liver damage. There are currently no FDA-approved therapies for PSC. NGM Bio is continuing discussions with the FDA regarding the design of a potential registrational trial of aldafermin in PSC, including on the proposed utilization of a primary endpoint composed of surrogate biomarkers with the goal of obtaining accelerated approval from the FDA. NGM Bio plans to continue working towards the goal of initiating a potential registrational trial contingent upon further discussion with the FDA on trial design and obtaining the additional capital necessary to conduct the study. Corporate On February 26, 2024, NGM Bio announced that it had entered into the Agreement and Plan of Merger (Merger Agreement) with Atlas Neon Parent, Inc. (Parent) and Atlas Neon Merger Sub, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (Merger Sub). The Merger Agreement provides for, among other things, (i) the acquisition of NGM Bio by Parent through a cash tender offer (the Offer) by Merger Sub for each issued and outstanding share of NGM Bio’s common stock (other than certain rollover shares) for $1.55 per share (the Offer Price), and (ii) the merger of Merger Sub with and into NGM Bio (the Merger), with NGM Bio surviving the Merger as a privately held company. Subject to the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Offer Price will be paid subject to any applicable tax withholding and without interest. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, on March 8, 2024, Parent commenced the Offer. Additional details can be found in NGM Bio’s recent filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). NGM Bio anticipates that the Offer and the Merger contemplated under the Merger Agreement will be consummated in the second quarter of 2024. However, closing of the Merger is subject to customary closing conditions, and there can be no assurance that the Offer and the Merger contemplated by the Merger Agreement will be completed. If the Merger is effected, NGM Bio’s common stock will be delisted from The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC and NGM Bio will be privately held. Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2023 Financial Results NGM Bio reported a net loss of $27.7 million and $142.4 million for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2023, respectively, compared to a net loss of $36.4 million and $162.7 million for the same periods in 2022. Related party revenue from the collaboration with Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, or Merck, was $0.2 million and $4.4 million for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2023, respectively, compared to $18.2 million and $55.3 million for the same periods in 2022. The collaboration with Merck ends on March 31, 2024. Research and development expenses were $21.9 million and $118.0 million for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2023, respectively, compared to $46.7 million and $181.1 million for the same periods in 2022. General and administrative expenses were $7.9 million and $37.8 million for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2023, respectively, compared to $9.8 million and $40.5 million for the same periods in 2022. Cash, cash equivalents and short-term marketable securities were $144.2 million as of December 31, 2023. About NGM Biopharmaceuticals, Inc. NGM Bio is focused on discovering and developing novel, life-changing medicines for people whose health and lives have been disrupted by disease. The company’s biology-centric drug discovery approach aims to seamlessly integrate interrogation of complex disease-associated biology and protein engineering expertise to unlock proprietary insights that are leveraged to generate promising product candidates and enable their rapid advancement into proof-of-concept studies. As explorers on the frontier of life-changing science, NGM Bio aspires to operate one of the most productive research and development engines in the biopharmaceutical industry. All therapeutic candidates in the NGM Bio pipeline have been generated by its in-house discovery engine, always led by biology and motivated by unmet patient need. Visit us at for more information. KEYTRUDA® is a registered trademark of Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA. Abbreviations (in Alphabetical Order) F4=fibrosis stage 4; FGF19=fibroblast growth factor 19; GDF15=growth differentiation factor 15; GFRAL=glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor alpha-like; HG=hyperemesis gravidarum; NASH=nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; ILT2=immunoglobin-like transcript 2; ILT3=immunoglobin-like transcript 3; ILT4=immunoglobin-like transcript 4; LAIR1=leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1 Forward Looking Statements Statements contained in this press release regarding matters that are not historical facts are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “encouraged”, “will,” “could,” “expect,” “expected,” “promising,” “aspires,” “aims,” “hope” and similar expressions (as well as other words or expressions referencing future events, conditions or circumstances) are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements include those related to: the therapeutic potential of NGM Bio’s product candidates; NGM Bio’s continued pipeline development, including identification and engagement of third-party partners for potential future business development arrangements, or the BD Arrangements, across all NGM Bio’s wholly-owned product candidates and to allocate its resources to the programs that it believes have the greatest potential both in the near- and long-term and; research and development and discovery engine output; the expected timing of completion of enrollment of NGM Bio’s ongoing Phase 1 Part 1b cohort of the Phase1/2 trial of NGM707 in combination with KEYTRUDA® (pembrolizumab) and timing of anticipated updates on the completed cohort and subsequent next steps, including the potential for additional cohorts; timing of the potential start of NGM120 in a proof-of-concept study for the treatment of HG; the design and initiation of a potential registrational trial for aldafermin for the treatment of PSC using surrogate endpoints; timing of completion of enrollment of NGM Bio’s ongoing Phase 1, Part 1c dose finding cohort evaluating the triplet combination of NGM831, NGM438 and pembrolizumab; the potential therapeutic benefit of NGM120 for treating pregnant women suffering from HG; the ability of NGM Bio and Atlas Neon Parent, Inc., a Delaware corporation (Parent), and Atlas Neon Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (together with Parent, the Purchaser) to complete the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including the parties’ ability to satisfy the conditions to the consummation of the Offer and the other conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, statements about the expected timetable for completing the transactions, NGM Bio’s and Purchaser’s beliefs and expectations and statements about the benefits sought to be achieved by Purchaser’s proposed acquisition of NGM Bio, the possibility of any termination of the Merger Agreement, estimates relating to NGM Bio’s past, current or future financial condition; and other statements that are not historical fact. Because such statements deal with future events and are based on NGM Bio’s current expectations, they are subject to various risks and uncertainties, and actual results, performance or achievements of NGM Bio could differ materially from those described in or implied by the statements in this press release. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, including, without limitation, risks and uncertainties associated with the costly and time-consuming pharmaceutical product development process and the uncertainty of clinical success; risks related to failure or delays in successfully initiating, enrolling, reporting data from or completing clinical studies, as well as the risks that results obtained in preclinical or clinical trials to date may not be indicative of results obtained in future trials; the lack of regulatory clarity regarding acceptable surrogate endpoints for PSC and related development uncertainty; the vulnerable patient population experiencing HG and risks associated with clinical trials on such patient population; uncertainties inherent in the preclinical development process of NGM120 in HG, including that NGM120 in HG may never reach clinical development; NGM Bio’s ability to identify, attract and engage third-party partners for BD Arrangements for its wholly-owned programs; the time-consuming and uncertain regulatory approval process; NGM Bio’s reliance on third-party manufacturers for its product candidates and the risks inherent in manufacturing and testing pharmaceutical products; the sufficiency of NGM Bio’s cash resources and expected cash runway, including the risk that NGM Bio could utilize its available capital resources sooner than it currently expects and its need for additional capital; macroeconomic conditions (such as the impacts of global geopolitical conflict, global economic slowdown, increased inflation, rising interest rates and recent and potential future bank failures); the timing of the Offer and the subsequent Merger; uncertainties as to how many of the unaffiliated stockholders will tender their shares in the Offer; the risk that competing offers or acquisition proposals will be made; the possibility that various conditions to the consummation of the Offer and the subsequent Merger may not be satisfied or waived; the occurrence of any event, change or other circumstance that could give rise to the termination of the Merger Agreement, including in circumstances which would require NGM Bio to pay a termination fee; the effects of disruption from the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement; the risk that stockholder litigation in connection with the Offer or the Merger may result in significant costs of defense, indemnification and liability; and other risks and uncertainties affecting NGM Bio and its development programs, including those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” in NGM Bio’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 filed with the SEC on November 2, 2023 and future filings and reports that NGM Bio makes from time to time with the SEC. Except as required by law, NGM Bio assumes no obligation to update these forward-looking statements, or to update the reasons if actual results differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements. Investor Contact: ir@ngmbio.com Media Contact: media@ngmbio.com 1 Fejzo, M., Rocha, N., Cimino, I. et al. GDF15 linked to maternal risk of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Nature (2023). NGM BIOPHARMACEUTICALS, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (In thousands, except per share amounts) (Unaudited) Three Months Ended December 31, Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2023 2022* Related party revenue $ 165 $ 18,181 $ 4,417 $ 55,333 Operating expenses: Research and development 21,890 46,722 118,040 181,067 General and administrative 7,938 9,756 37,840 40,515 Total operating expenses 29,828 56,478 155,880 221,582 Loss from operations (29,663 ) (38,297 ) (151,463 ) (166,249 ) Interest income, net 2,041 2,030 9,322 3,714 Other expense, net (48 ) (170 ) (234 ) (132 ) Net loss $ (27,670 ) $ (36,437 ) $ (142,375 ) $ (162,667 ) Net loss per share, basic and diluted $ (0.33 ) $ (0.45 ) $ (1.73 ) $ (2.03 ) Weighted average shares used to compute net loss per share, basic and diluted 82,803 81,787 82,496 79,950 ___________ * Derived from the audited consolidated financial statements. NGM BIOPHARMACEUTICALS, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (In thousands) (Unaudited) December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022* ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 55,816 $ 73,456 Short-term marketable securities 88,369 198,036 Related party receivable from collaboration 58 7,580 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 9,202 9,787 Restricted cash 2,999 — Total current assets 156,444 288,859 Property and equipment, net 7,033 8,496 Operating lease right-of-use asset — 2,096 Restricted cash 2,455 3,954 Other non-current assets 2,936 3,997 Total assets $ 168,868 $ 307,402 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable $ 2,982 $ 8,453 Accrued liabilities 17,099 33,638 Operating lease liability, current — 5,385 Contract liabilities — 366 Total current liabilities 20,081 47,842 Other non-current liabilities 149 — Total liabilities 20,230 47,842 Commitments and contingencies Stockholders' equity: Preferred stock, $0.001 par value — — Common stock, $0.001 par value 83 82 Additional paid-in capital 872,545 841,413 Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 18 (302 ) Accumulated deficit (724,008 ) (581,633 ) Total stockholders' equity 148,638 259,560 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 168,868 $ 307,402 ___________ * Derived from the audited consolidated financial statements.