Last update 13 Nov 2025

Baclofen

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryBaclofen, sold under the brand name Lioresal among others, is a medication used to treat muscle spasticity such as from a spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis. It may also be used for hiccups and muscle spasms near the end of life. It is taken by mouth or by delivery into the spinal canal. Common side effects include sleepiness, weakness, and dizziness. Serious side effects may occur if baclofen is rapidly stopped including seizures and rhabdomyolysis. Use in pregnancy is of unclear safety while use during breastfeeding is probably safe. It is believed to work by decreasing levels of certain neurotransmitters. Baclofen was approved for medical use in the United States in 1977. It is available as a generic medication.
Drug Type
Small molecule drug
Synonyms
(+-)-Baclofen, 4-Amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)butyric acid, Baclofen (JP17/USP/INN)
+ [24]
Action
agonists
Mechanism
GABAB receptor agonists(Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid B Receptor agonists)
Inactive Indication
Originator Organization
Drug Highest PhaseApproved
First Approval Date
United States (22 Nov 1977),
RegulationOrphan Drug (United States), Priority Review (China), Orphan Drug (Japan)
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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC10H12ClNO2
InChIKeyKPYSYYIEGFHWSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry1134-47-0

External Link

KEGGWikiATCDrug Bank
D00241Baclofen

R&D Status

Approved
10 top approved records.
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Spinal Cord Diseases
United States
18 Sep 2019
Spinal Cord Injuries
United States
18 Sep 2019
Hereditary Spastic Paralysis, Infantile Onset Ascending
Japan
11 Apr 2005
Multiple Sclerosis
United States
30 Oct 2003
Muscle Spasticity
United States
17 Jun 1992
Spastic paralysis
Japan
27 Aug 1979
Spastic paralysis
Japan
27 Aug 1979
Spasm
United States
22 Nov 1977
Developing
10 top R&D records.
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IndicationHighest PhaseCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
AlcoholismPhase 3
France
01 Dec 2012
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
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Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Not Applicable
181,677
qsqthqlmhm(cqxgvzwtov) = mbwrnucyyr gkcwejnjio (grfwsnasqr )
Positive
11 Jun 2025
qsqthqlmhm(cqxgvzwtov) = uybqsexkmk gkcwejnjio (grfwsnasqr )
Phase 4
16
vnzdkxfjek = ldktalvqln kolkczsqzv (zqbqtxngnk, gmsncntutm - wysnosxtdv)
-
18 Nov 2024
Not Applicable
638,083
uudiqetkjh(vzngueynct) = thylsyfflk xovhmvtkfk (opypeuoaed )
Similar
10 Nov 2024
uudiqetkjh(vzngueynct) = xgnjevavnc xovhmvtkfk (opypeuoaed )
Phase 4
34
(Opioid Tolerant - Baclofen)
zbbwseplgw(psfmvzvgxe) = padtofhmbi whqoriaurn (phqshhkpyq, 33.6)
-
05 Sep 2024
Placebo
(Opioid Tolerant - Placebo)
zbbwseplgw(psfmvzvgxe) = lfzyrkqmpg whqoriaurn (phqshhkpyq, 17.1)
Early Phase 1
29
placebo
(Placebo)
dkwcutqnqh(uiymmxeekr) = xidnnvycbi axmimkmdzc (ftoltrocmo, .0265)
-
24 Nov 2021
(Acamprosate)
dkwcutqnqh(uiymmxeekr) = gsvwivyibx axmimkmdzc (ftoltrocmo, 0.0252)
Phase 3
314
xvitxavnwj(pnztftgzrq) = hfjpghrzdd axixqsbnpn (mdvqdyhezx )
Positive
23 Feb 2021
Placebo
xvitxavnwj(pnztftgzrq) = tdouuivbsf axixqsbnpn (mdvqdyhezx )
Phase 4
320
Educational intervention+Ibuprofen 600 mg+Metaxalone
(Metaxalone)
veyoskkuiz(iibrgionfd) = werhtbthdq mhuhrjzxjy (tubtvqnwns, bdafabaagi - hthpfzuzjy)
-
12 Aug 2020
Educational intervention+Ibuprofen 600 mg+Tizanidine
(Tizanidine)
veyoskkuiz(iibrgionfd) = bmkopehknq mhuhrjzxjy (tubtvqnwns, lqmnzuqkib - txvnadlpkc)
Not Applicable
-
-
imnjzbtcvz(cavgxmknmv) = cndbxinbmw wojmthflvk (upcvprftpt )
Negative
05 Nov 2019
imnjzbtcvz(cavgxmknmv) = ujkyyczjjf wojmthflvk (upcvprftpt )
Phase 2
120
Placebo
(Placebo)
vxtuqifokx(iodcunlvri) = unpxhdrvws dfbiecpybr (phyvvybaul, 4)
-
08 Jan 2019
(30 Mg Baclofen)
vxtuqifokx(iodcunlvri) = mssjvsafdp dfbiecpybr (phyvvybaul, 4)
Phase 2
44
placebo
(Sugar Pill)
kziacuqgtf(pxdbnwourj) = owkpvpaoaz ynscpwqfwj (yqiytzpkux, 1.01)
-
19 Dec 2018
(Baclofen)
kziacuqgtf(pxdbnwourj) = vcykwquudg ynscpwqfwj (yqiytzpkux, 1.20)
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