Delving into the Latest Updates on Chlorhexidine Gluconate/Isopropyl Alcohol with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

ChloraPrep, Soluprep

Target-

Action

inhibitors

Mechanism

Cell membrane function inhibitors

Therapeutic Areas

Infectious DiseasesSkin and Musculoskeletal DiseasesOther Diseases

Active Indication

DisinfectantsSkin Diseases, Bacterial

Inactive Indication

Joint Diseases

Originator Organization

Becton, Dickinson & Co.

Active Organization

Orion Laboratories Pty Ltd.

3M Health Care, Inc.

Becton, Dickinson & Co.

Inactive Organization

CareFusion Corp.

C. R. Bard, Inc.

License Organization-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

United States (14 Jul 2000),

Skin Diseases, Bacterial

Regulation-

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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC3H8O

InChIKeyKFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS Registry67-63-0

View All Structures (2)

A multicentre, open-label clinical trial of two groups comparing cutaneous asepsis with chlorhexidine gluconate at 2% + isopropyl alcohol 70% in relation to the placement of central venous catheters (Study group) with standard asepsis with aqueous chlorhexidine at 2% (Group Control). The incidence of catheter related bacteremia, the incidence of colonization of the skin and the incidence of colonization of the central venous catheter will be evaluated.

Start Date01 Oct 2019

Sponsor / Collaborator-

100 Clinical Results associated with Chlorhexidine Gluconate/Isopropyl Alcohol

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100 Translational Medicine associated with Chlorhexidine Gluconate/Isopropyl Alcohol

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100 Patents (Medical) associated with Chlorhexidine Gluconate/Isopropyl Alcohol

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60

Literatures (Medical) associated with Chlorhexidine Gluconate/Isopropyl Alcohol

17 Jul 2025·British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing)

Microbial safety of vapocoolant spray on sites for arterial line and epidural placement

Article

Author: Nowak, Katherine ; Fayed, Mohamed ; Woude, Thomas Vander ; Wang, Anqi ; Attali, Ami

This investigation evaluated if skin sterility is maintained following application of Gebauer's Ethyl Chloride® vapocoolant spray. In this prospective, blinded, controlled study, the medial forearm (site of arterial line placement) and lower back (site of epidural placement) were swabbed before and after sterilisation and treatment with vapocoolant. Data were collected from 72 participants. There was no difference in microbial abundance between samples obtained from the wrist with ChloraPrep™ versus ChloraPrep + Gebauer's Ethyl Chloride (P>0.99), or in positive cultures (P=0.317). On the lower back, there was no difference in microbial abundance following ChloraPrep versus ChloraPrep + Gebauer's Ethyl Chloride (P=0.317), or in positive cultures (P=0.317). Supply chain shortages of lidocaine have prompted consideration of alternative local anaesthetics. These findings support use of Gebauer's Ethyl Chloride as an alternative to lidocaine for minimally invasive procedures such as placement of arterial lines and epidurals. Further investigation is necessary to explore the safety of vapocoolants in more invasive procedures.

05 Nov 2024·MILITARY MEDICINE

The Dreaded 3-Minute Wait: Does It Really Prevent Operating Room Fires? The IGNITE Trial

Article

Author: Fraley, Jim ; Danis, Hillary ; Keenan, Corey ; Spitzer, Holly ; Roets, Jack ; Grasso, Samuel

ABSTRACT:

Introduction:

Operating room fires can have devastating consequences and as such must be prevented. There exists a paucity of literature requiring further elucidation regarding manufacturer recommendations of a predefined waiting period prior to patient draping after using alcohol-based surgical antiseptics, in order to reduce the risk of operating room fires.

Methods:

This was further investigated by exposing two common alcohol-based surgical antiseptics to electrosurgery and open flames at various power settings and time intervals in an ex vivo porcine model. The simulated surgical site was prepped following manufacturer recommendations and exposed to monopolar electrosurgery at low and high power, using both PURE CUT and COAGULATION modes, and open flame, at 15-s increments after application.

Results:

While using PURE CUT mode at both low and high power, no ignition was observed on hairless surgical sites prepped with ChloraPrep® at any time point. However, use of COAGULATION mode at both low and high powers resulted in ignition consistently out to 1-min post-application. Additionally, if the prepped area subjectively appeared wet, especially with pooling of the antiseptic, both COAGULATION mode and open flame caused ignition. Dry time was found to be about 59 s for both prep solutions. It was also observed that the amount of pressure directly correlated with the amount of prep dispersed and increased dry times.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, our data suggest an average dry time of less than 1-min, with ignition only observed when the antiseptic was visibly wet. Ignition did not occur on hairless skin with electrocautery on CUT mode using ChloraPrep at any time point. Additionally, ignition on hair-bearing skin was not observed past 3 min, with current manufacturer recommendations stating 1 h wait time for hair-bearing skin. Arbitrarily waiting a specific predetermined dry time until patient draping, as recommended by the manufacturers, may be unnecessary and lead to hours’ worth of time wasted each year. Ongoing research will further investigate the utility of drying the antiseptic after application and its affect on not only preventing ignition but also antimicrobial efficacy.

01 Aug 2024·JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS

Hydrogen Peroxide May Reduce the Risk for Revision Surgery and Infection in Primary Shoulder Arthroplasty: Two-year Follow-up From a Prospective, Blinded, Controlled Trial

Article

Author: Chalmers, Peter N ; Mizels, Joshua ; Tashjian, Robert Z ; Lewis, Daniel C

Background::

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the addition of hydrogen peroxide to the preoperative skin preparation for primary total shoulder arthroplasty is associated with a difference in patient-reported outcomes, risk for postoperative infection, and risk for revision surgery at a minimum of 2-year follow-up.

Methods::

This was a prospective, blinded, and controlled trial, which included a consecutive series of patients undergoing primary shoulder arthroplasty. The control group underwent standard sterile skin preparation using ethyl alcohol and ChloraPrep applicators, and the peroxide group had the same preparation with the addition of hydrogen peroxide between the alcohol and ChloraPrep applications. We then compared patient-reported outcome scores (American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Shoulder Score [ASES], simple shoulder test [SST], visual analog scale [VAS]), infections, and revision surgeries between the two groups at 2-year follow-up.

Results::

Of the 61 patients included in the original study, 52 of 58 (85%) living patients agreed to participate in this study. No preoperative differences were observed between groups. No difference was observed in ASES, SST, or VAS scores at 2 years. More revision surgeries were done in the control group (7 versus 2, P = 0.268) and Cutibacterium acnes infections (2 versus 0, P = 0.168).

Conclusion::

The addition of hydrogen peroxide to the preoperative skin preparation before primary shoulder arthroplasty is safe, and additional research is warranted to investigate whether it may decrease the risk for revision surgery and postoperative C acnes infection.

Level of Evidence::

III

100 Deals associated with Chlorhexidine Gluconate/Isopropyl Alcohol

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External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
-	-	D08AC52	-

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Disinfectants	Australia	Orion Laboratories Pty Ltd.	26 Feb 2007
Skin Diseases, Bacterial	United States	Becton, Dickinson & Co.	14 Jul 2000

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Joint Diseases	Clinical	United States	CareFusion Corp.	26 Jan 2009

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Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT03523962 (PREPARE, CTgov)	Phase 4	Fractures, Closed \| Surgical Wound Infection \| Fractures, Open	8,485	iodine (Closed-Fracture Population Iodine Group)	mrxjxgmiug = hhrprgvfwk woriyvlbcm (fternqshux, orahfcqqkf - yhneecasmw) View more	-	04 Oct 2024
				Chlorhexidine (Closed-Fracture Population Chlorhexidine Group)	mrxjxgmiug = wwedpjlpfc woriyvlbcm (fternqshux, wafcuqofga - hwbudhpjpy) View more
NCT03523962 (PREPARE, Pubmed \| Br Dent J \| N Engl J Med) Manual	Phase 4	Fractures, Bone	8,485	2% chiodine povacrylex/Isopropyl Alcoholpyl alcohol	qqylhjlsfy(xzbbqcducz) = znmmlfupao sklduvmpfe (lrwjekaong )	Positive	01 Feb 2024
				2% chlorhexidine gluconate/Isopropyl Alcoholchlorhexidine gluconate/Isopropyl Alcohol (patients with a closed fracture)	qqylhjlsfy(xzbbqcducz) = fpsmqjjpcw sklduvmpfe (lrwjekaong )
NCT04756154 (CTgov)	Phase 3	-	154	CHG/IPA Surgical skin preparation (CHG/IPA Surgical Skin Preparation)	byolvszgwp(aclqnljfxm) = srvfilndjs jswnkgrtld (hsocounvvn, 0.816) View more	-	01 Aug 2023
				Normal saline (Normal Saline)	byolvszgwp(aclqnljfxm) = xdkkthygsi jswnkgrtld (hsocounvvn, 0.411) View more
NCT03681990 (CTgov)	Phase 2	-	28	3M CHG/IPA Prep (3M CHG/IPA Prep / Center)	jikqmcfhxe(cwngtgmlhh) = szsihacnss fpadqxivcj (stoljjjixg, 1.31) View more	-	27 Jun 2023
				3M CHG/IPA Prep (3M CHG/IPA Prep / Mid-peripheral)	rhodlshxni = pcehwaibjy umjnawuzwf (stodljbzyn, hadfrscite - czbrpjwjyu) View more
NCT04218110 (CTgov)	Phase 3	Surgical Wound Infection	329	Isopropyl alcohol & Chlorhexidine Gluconate Antiseptic (Project X 26ml)	erohqpgarp(ppppitjtbj) = pcdfbhvyjp fohjntoipd (ytnocsznhv, 1.58) View more	-	22 Oct 2021
				Isopropyl alcohol & Chlorhexidine Gluconate Antiseptic (Project X 10.5ml)	erohqpgarp(ppppitjtbj) = dnnfepuftk fohjntoipd (ytnocsznhv, 1.48) View more
NCT03861780 (CTgov)	Phase 3	-	152	Project X 26ml (Project X 26ml)	oytnuxlgph(wtoxhwoefb) = yosiophesv imkydpimwj (tbxnujctwk, 1.4) View more	-	22 Oct 2021
				Project X 5.1ml (Project X 5.1ml)	oytnuxlgph(wtoxhwoefb) = qedqkbnnko imkydpimwj (tbxnujctwk, 1.3) View more
NCT03817580 (CTgov)	Phase 3	-	170	Project X 26ml (Project X 26ml)	xzzjqvlkev(hntvaylbcw) = lkwjwklctd xrernbawjp (jhbzvpngkz, 1.42) View more	-	22 Oct 2021
				Project X 5.1ml (Project X 5.1ml)	xzzjqvlkev(hntvaylbcw) = stkdrxdcbt xrernbawjp (jhbzvpngkz, 1.56) View more
NCT00799812 (CTgov)	Phase 3	-	335	CHG 2% w/v & IPA 70% v/v, swabstick (3 @ once). (CHG Swabstick (3 @ Once))	fgtqvntlfg(jztvejwfpd) = jkockmpwrq mcaliveynh (oanlvkmjcw, 0.62) View more	-	27 May 2021
				CHG 2% w/v & IPA 70% v/v swab applied sequentially (CHG Swabstick Sequential)	fgtqvntlfg(jztvejwfpd) = auhqrkshuf mcaliveynh (oanlvkmjcw, 0.64) View more
NCT00739583 (site marking, CTgov)	Phase 4	-	20	Chlorhexidine (Chlorhexidine Group)	jeurdpbbko = wlkkehyxlg onkdwttyor (lryermamuq, ogzgsjcpwx - cipnzxkaom) View more	-	10 Jul 2013
				Iodophor+Iodine+IPA (Iodine Group)	jeurdpbbko = rovhwfftkl onkdwttyor (lryermamuq, lbydtmmpad - ckbhadghdg) View more
NCT01290978 (CTgov)	Phase 4	-	22	ChloraPrep (ChloraPrep)	zoueglodqj(bfjtaoggbx) = ixcxabllgc xfjhejkrpo (ltaqadczee, trgxdpevbu - vhjpvmosxq) View more	-	05 Mar 2013
				DuraPrep (DuraPrep)	zoueglodqj(bfjtaoggbx) = pszkoaunho xfjhejkrpo (ltaqadczee, mpfxuaoamn - dpndrnslnz) View more