Delving into the Latest Updates on Levomenthol with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

(-)-(1R,3R,4S)-menthol, (-)-Menthol, (1R,3R,4S)-(-)-menthol

+ [12]

Target

TRPA1 x TRPM8 x κ opioid receptor

Mechanism

TRPA1 inhibitors(Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1 inhibitors), TRPM8 agonists(Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8 agonists), κ opioid receptor antagonists(Kappa opioid receptor antagonists)

Therapeutic Areas

Digestive System Disorders

Active Indication-

Inactive Indication

Intestinal Diseases

Originator Organization

University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center

Active Organization

Fuji Pharma Co., Ltd.

Inactive Organization

Nihon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

JP (20 Jan 1986)

Regulation-

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Structure

Molecular FormulaC10H20O

InChIKeyNOOLISFMXDJSKH-KXUCPTDWSA-N

CAS Registry2216-51-5

The current research aims to develop a new analytical method applying a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) assisted by vortex and using an environmentally friendly extractant for the preconcentration of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides followed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) analysis. The extractant (i.e., natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES)) is safe, cheap, biodegradable and can be prepared by simply mixing DL-menthol and decanoic acid (molar ratio 2:1). The main experimental factors affecting the extraction of all analytes evaluated (19 organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides) have been optimised using a multivariate analysis consisting in two steps: a Plackett-Burman design followed by a central composite design (CCD). Seven experimental factors have been evaluated: (i) sample volume; (ii) NADES volume; (iii) sample pH; (iv) extraction time; (v) centrifugation time; (vi) centrifugation speed; and (vii) ionic strength (NaCl %, w v^-1). For the significant variables, the optimum values were 10 mL sample and 45 μL NADES. No pH adjustment as well as addition of NaCl were needed. The other variables were set at 3 min extraction time, 5 min centrifugation time and 900×g centrifugation speed, respectively. Under the optimised extraction conditions, the limit of quantification (LOQ) values ranged between 0.2 and 78 ng L^-1 for all analysed pesticides. Furthermore, the proposed analytical method has been successfully applied to drinking water (bottled spring water). The recovery study (n = 3) has been evaluated at 0.1, 1.0 and 5.0 μg L^-1 spiking levels, obtaining relative recovery values within the range of 70 % and 117 % and RSD values between 1 % and 20 % for all the analytes studied, except for p,p-DDT (56-77 % in high conductivity water samples).

23 Oct 2024·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Lipase Substrate Anchoring Dynamics Guided the Rational Design of Novel Deep Eutectic Solvents for Glucose Ester Synthesis

Article

Author: Chong, Wenya ; Liu, Yanjiao ; Liang, Chunyi ; Hu, Yi ; Qi, Yuan ; Nian, Binbin ; Zhang, Zihan

Glucose esters, heralded for their emulsifying and solubilizing properties, have found increasing application in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic sectors. However, the environmental impact of chemical synthesis and the problem of enzyme inactivation in enzymatic synthesis have hindered their application. To this end, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) with stabilized enzyme activity and better solubility properties are considered a promising solution. In the study, 12 kinds of hydrophilic DESs and 22 kinds of hydrophobic DESs were screened, and we examined their efficiency in the synthesis of glucose esters. The results indicated that d,l-menthol-based DESs have excellent performance, with the highest yield of 92.85%. The molecular dynamics simulations suggested that it can be attributed to DESs changing the size of substrate binding pocket, which in turn affects the substrate anchoring ability and the catalytic efficiency of lipase. To further evaluate the effects of the solvent on the substrate anchoring ability of enzymes, a novel strategy, namely, substrate anchoring index, which is based on the stability of the tetrahedral intermediate, was proposed and used for the designing of more efficient DESs. Fortunately, novel DESs based on cyclohexanone (menthol analogues) were successfully developed with a yield of 98.85%.

01 Oct 2024·Neurogastroenterology & Motility

The combination of L‐menthol and caraway oil does not affect gastric function but increases hunger in healthy subjects

Article

Author: Mori, Hideki ; Tackoen, Julie ; Ruilova Sosoranga, Emily ; Van Oudenhove, Lukas ; Masuy, Imke ; Verbeure, Wout ; Tack, Jan

AbstractBackgroundThe heterogeneous character of functional gastrointestinal disorders, recently renamed into disorders of gut‐brain interaction, makes finding effective treatment options challenging. Compared to synthetic drugs, phytotherapy can have broader pharmacological effects and is often better tolerated. This study aimed to investigate the effect of peppermint oil and caraway oil (POCO) on gastric function and symptom levels in 32 healthy subjects in a single‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, randomized, parallel design.MethodsGastric emptying rate was assessed using a 13C‐breath test. Intragastric pressure was measured using high‐resolution manometry in fasted state and during intragastric infusion of a nutrient drink (350 mL or until full satiation). GI symptoms were rated on a 100 mm VAS. Data were analyzed using linear mixed models.Key ResultsPOCO had no effect on intragastric pressure in fasted or fed state (p > 0.08 for all). No significant differences in gastric emptying rate were observed (p = 0.54). In the fasted state, a stronger increase in hunger and decrease in satiety were observed following POCO (p = 0.016 and p = 0.008, respectively). No differences in hunger and satiety were observed in the fed state (p > 0.31 for all). POCO induced less epigastric burning, bloating, and fullness (p < 0.05 for all).ConclusionsAcute POCO administration did not affect gastric function in healthy subjects, but increased fasted hunger ratings. The effects of POCO on gastric function and hunger sensations in patients with disorders of gut‐brain interaction, and the contribution to symptom improvement, needs to be elucidated in future studies.

100 Deals associated with Levomenthol

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External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
-	Levomenthol	-	DB00825

R&D Status

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Intestinal Diseases	Discovery	JP	Nihon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	01 Oct 2014

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Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


UEGW	Not Applicable	-	-	Menthol infusion	ehlaksmxbn(rqifneyerf) = wwbxhvgkwg kfsxndriwr (lkzvkdgrru, 116.2) View more	-	01 Oct 2017
UEGW	Not Applicable	-	-	L-Menthol (Baseline recording)	ehlaksmxbn(rqifneyerf) = mmkeybuxcx kfsxndriwr (lkzvkdgrru, 126.2) View more	-	01 Oct 2017
NCT01687101 (CTgov)	Not Applicable	Migraine Disorders \| Headache	32	STOPAIN topical gel	ngunpgghgz(bdsizvrnjt) = ylmppmheqo fhoismaehk (roojrplshp, dfewbdanuw - fvuzymxjze) View more	-	27 Apr 2015