Ascaridia galli, a common nematode in semiscavenging indigenous chickens in Bangladesh: epidemiology, genetic diversity, pathobiology, ex vivo culture, and anthelmintic efficacy

Article

Author: Labony, Sharmin Shahid ; Islam, Ausraful ; Alam, Md Mahmudul ; Ritu, Sumaya Naznin ; Shirin, Akter ; Alim, Md Abdul ; Ali, Md Haydar ; Shohana, Nusrat Nowrin ; Hasan, Muhammad Mehedi ; Hossain, Md Shahadat ; Nadia, Nusrat ; Anisuzzaman ; Dey, Anita Rani

Ascaridia galli is the most common nematode in chickens. Ascaridia galli is highly prevalent in chickens reared in scavenging or semiscavenging systems. Here, we studied the epidemiology, pathology, genetic diversity, ex vivo culture protocol and anthelmintic sensitivity of A. galli prevalent in indigenous chickens in Bangladesh. Through morphological study and molecular analyses, the isolated worms were confirmed as A. galli. Of the chickens examined, 45.6% (178 out of 390) were found infected. The male and young chickens were significantly (P < 0.05) more prone to A. galli infection. Prevalence of the infection was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the summer season. In heavy infections, A. galli blocked the small intestine. Marked inflammation, increased mucus production and petechial hemorrhages were evident in the small intestine, particularly in the duodenum. Also, there were desquamation and adhesion of the mucosal villi; degeneration, necrosis of the epithelial cells and goblet cell hyperplasia. The mucosal layer was infiltrated mainly with eosinophils and heterophils. We developed a hen egg white-based long-term ex vivo culture protocol which supported the survival and reproduction of A. galli for more than a week. Levamisole (LEV) and ivermectin (IVM) efficiently killed A. galli. However, albendazole (ABZ), mebendazole (MBZ), and piperazine (PPZ) did not kill the worms even at 120 μg/mL and 1mg/mL concentrations, respectively. Taken together, our results suggest that A. galli is highly prevalent in semiscavenging chickens in Bangladesh. Ascaridia galli can be easily maintained ex vivo in egg white supplemented M199 medium. LEV and IVM, but not ABZ, MBZ and PPZ, can be used for treating and controlling A. galli infections in chickens.

28 Jan 2024·Current pediatric reviews

Pinworm (Enterobius Vermicularis) Infestation: An Updated Review

Article

Author: Lam, Joseph M ; Barankin, Benjamin ; Leong, Kin Fon ; Wong, Alex H C ; Hon, Kam Lun ; Leung, Alexander K C

Background::

Pinworm infestation is an important public health problem worldwide, especially among children 5 to 10 years of age in developing countries with temperate climates. The problem is often overlooked because of its mild or asymptomatic clinical manifestations.

Objective::

The purpose of this article was to familiarize pediatricians with the diagnosis and management of pinworm infestation.

Methods::

A search was conducted in August 2023 in PubMed Clinical Queries using the key terms "Enterobius vermicularis," OR "enterobiasis," OR "pinworm." The search strategy included all clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews published within the past 10 years. Only papers published in the English literature were included in this review. The information retrieved from the above search was used in the compilation of the present article.

Results::

Enterobiasis is a cosmopolitan parasitosis caused by Enterobius vermicularis. It affects approximately 30% of children worldwide and up to 60% of children in some developing countries. Predisposing factors include poor socioeconomic conditions, inadequate sanitation, poor personal hygiene, and overcrowding. Children aged 5 to 14 years have shown the highest prevalence of enterobiasis.. Egg transmission is mainly by the fecal-oral route. Approximately 30 to 40% of infested patients do not show any clinical symptoms of the disease. For symptomatic patients, the most common presenting symptom is nocturnal pruritus ani. The diagnosis of E. vermicularis infection is best established by the cellophane tape test. The sensitivity of one single test is around 50%; however, the sensitivity increases to approximately 90% with tests performed on three different mornings. If a worm is visualized in the perianal area or the stool, a pathological examination of the worm will yield a definitive diagnosis. As pinworms and eggs are not usually passed in the stool, examination of the stool is not recommended. The drugs of choice for the treatment of pinworm infestation are mebendazole (100 mg), pyrantel pamoate (11 mg/kg, maximum 1 g), and albendazole (400 mg), all of the above-mentioned drugs are given in a single dose and repeated in two weeks. Mebendazole and albendazole are both adulticidal and ovicidal, whereas pyrantel pamoate is only adulticidal. Given their safety and effectiveness, mebendazole and albendazole are currently the best available drugs for the treatment of pinworm infestation. For pregnant women, pyrantel is preferred to mebendazole and albendazole. Treatment of all household members should be considered, especially if there are multiple or repeated symptomatic infections because reinfection is common even when effective medication is given.

Conclusion::

In spite of effective treatment of pinworm infestation, recurrences are common. Recurrences are likely due to repeated cycles of reinfection (particularly, autoinfection) because of the short life span of adult pinworms. Good personal hygiene, such as frequent handwashing, especially after bowel movements and before meals, clipping of fingernails, avoidance of finger-sucking, nail-biting, and scratching in the anogenital area, are important preventive measures. Treatment of all household members should be considered, especially if there are multiple or repeated symptomatic infections.

08 Jan 2024·Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue

[Exposure Level and Risk Impact Assessment of Pesticides and Veterinary Drugs in Aquaculture Environment].

Article

Author: Wang, Yuan ; Shen, Xiao-Sheng ; Zhang, Hai-Yan ; Chen, Gang ; Zhang, Kai-Wen ; Kong, Cong ; Yang, Guang-Xin ; Gu, Run-Run ; Tian, Liang-Liang

To explore the exposure level of pesticides and veterinary drugs in an aquaculture environment and its impact on the ecological environment, this study took the aquaculture environment in Shanghai as an example, and samples of water, sediment, and inputs from 40 major aquaculture farms were collected from July to September 2022. The types and contents of pesticides and veterinary drugs were screened using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrostatic field orbital ion trap mass spectrometry, and the risk quotient (RQ) method was used to assess the ecological risk of pesticide contamination in water and sediment. The results showed that 13 drugs were screened out from 204 samples (72 samples of water, 72 samples of mud, and 60 samples of input), namely, chlorpromazine, carbendazim, thiophanate, diazepam, florfenicol, simazine, amantidine, diazepam, trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, mebendazole, and enrofloxacin. Among them, 12 species were found in water samples with concentrations ranging from 0.016 μg·L^-1 to 2.084 μg·L^-1. The concentrations of seven species in the mud samples ranged from 0.018 μg·kg^-1 to 23.101 μg·kg^-1. The results showed that there were four types of inputs, ranging from 1.979 μg·kg^-1 to 101.940 μg·kg^-1. Seven drugs were found in both water and sediment. The risk quotient (RQ) results showed that there were some high and middle risks in both water and sediment samples of aquaculture farms, and the ecological risks of carbendazim were the highest in both water and sediment samples of aquaculture farms; the RQ values were 3.848 and 1.580, respectively, indicating high risk. It is suggested to strengthen the control and management of exogenous pesticides and veterinary drugs in aquaculture environments to protect the ecosystem health of the aquaculture environment.

News (Medical) associated with Mebendazole

14 Feb 2024

·www.sciencedaily.com

Controlling root growth direction could help save crops and mitigate climate change

Scientists have determined how the well-known plant hormone ethylene is crucial in controlling the angle at which roots grow. The findings can be used to engineer plants and crops that withstand the environmental stresses of climate change and drought, and perhaps to create plants that remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store it deep underground to help mitigate climate change. Above ground, plants stretch toward the sun. Below ground, plants tunnel through the earth. As roots soak up water and nutrients from surrounding soil, they grow and stretch to develop distinct root system architectures. The root system architecture determines whether roots remain in the shallow soil layers or grow steeper and reach deeper soil layers. Root systems are central to plant survival and productivity, determining the plant's access to nutrients and water and, therefore, the plant's ability to withstand nutrient depletion and extreme weather like drought. Now, Salk scientists have determined how a well-known plant hormone is crucial in controlling the angle at which roots grow. The study, published in Cell Reports on February 13, 2024, is the first time the hormone, called ethylene, has been shown to be involved in regulating lateral root angles that shape root systems -- making the findings a revelation for plant scientists optimizing root systems. Researchers in Salk's Harnessing Plants Initiative now plan to target the ethylene signaling pathway in their efforts to engineer plants and crops that can withstand the environmental stresses of climate change and drought, as well as removecarbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store it deep underground to help mitigate climate change. "Deep roots lead to more durable carbon storage in the soil and can make plants more resistant to drought, so the ability to control how deep roots grow is really exciting for scientists looking to engineer better root systems," says senior author Wolfgang Busch, professor, executive director of the Harnessing Plants Initiative, and Hess Chair in Plant Science at Salk. "We're especially excited that the pathway we found is conserved across many types of plants, meaning our findings can be widely applied to optimize root architecture in all land plants, including food, feed, and fuel crops." Environmental factors -- like average rainfall or abundance of certain nutrients -- can influence the shape of a plant's root system. The angle at which roots grow produces different results in overall root architecture, with horizontal root angles creating a shallower root system and vertical root angles creating a deeper root system. But scientists did not understand clearly how these root angles were being determined on a molecular level. Plant hormones like auxin and cytokinin have been connected to the angle of root growth in the past, but the mechanisms of that connection have remained poorly understood. In searching for molecules and pathways that were involved in setting the angle of root growth, the team genetically screened Arabidopsis thaliana -- a small flowering weed in the mustard family -- for root system changes in response to thousands of molecules. "We noticed this molecule called mebendazole was causing the roots to grow more horizontally," says first author Wenrong He, a former postdoctoral researcher in Busch's lab. "When we looked for what target proteins or pathways mebendazole was interacting with to have this effect, we discovered it was ethylene signaling -- and ethylene playing such an essential role in root system architecture was really intriguing." The team observed that genes throughout the ethylene signaling pathway were activated in response to mebendazole, and, in turn, the pathway was carrying out the resulting changes in root growth. Biochemical investigation of this relationship revealed that mebendazole inhibits the activity of a protein kinase called CTR1. This enzyme negatively regulates ethylene signaling, in turn promoting a shallow root system. "Since ethylene signaling is a widely conserved process in land plants, targeting the ethylene pathway is a very promising technique for root system engineering," says Busch. "Hopefully, now we'll be able to use this tool to make crop species more resilient, and to create Salk Ideal Plants® that sequester more carbon underground to assist in the fight against climate change." The newfound implication of ethylene in root system architecture inspires new questions, including whether another molecule exists that -- unlike mebendazole -- makes root systems deeper, or if there are specific genes in the already well-cataloged ethylene signaling pathway that can be targeted most effectively to promote deeper roots in crops and Salk Ideal Plants. Other authors include Hai An Truong, Ling Zhang, Min Cao, and Kaizhen Zhong of Salk; Neal Arakawa of UC San Diego; Yao Xiao of the Scripps Research Institute; and Yingnan Hou of UC Riverside and Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China. The work was supported by Salk's Harnessing Plants Initiative, a Salk Women & Science Special Award, a Pioneer Fund Postdoctoral Scholar Award, the National Institutes of Health (NIH-NCI CCSG: P30 CA01495, NIH-NIA San Diego Nathan Shock Center P30 AG068635), Chapman Foundation, and Helmsley Charitable Trust.

20 Oct 2023

·www.jnj.com

Janssen Announces Promising Antiviral Activity Against Dengue in a Phase 2a Human Challenge Model

Chicago, Illinois (October 20, 2023) – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson (Janssen) announced today promising data from a Phase 2a human challenge study evaluating JNJ-1802, a first-in-class oral antiviral in development for the prevention of dengue. The data showed that the compound induced antiviral activity against dengue (DENV-3) in humans, compared to placebo, and is safe and well-tolerated. The data were announced at the American Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene Annual Meeting in Chicago, Illinois.JNJ-1802 is the first antiviral to show such activity in humans during a clinical trial. The compound has advanced to a community-based field study to establish efficacy against circulating dengue serotypes in a real-world setting. The study is being conducted in 30+ sites in 10 countries, including Philippines, Thailand, Peru, Brazil and Colombia.“Climate change threatens to put more people at risk of dengue, yet the world lacks the necessary tools to combat this significant health challenge,” said Ruxandra Draghia-Akli, M.D., Ph.D., Global Head, Global Public Health R&D at Janssen Research & Development, LLC. “For over a decade, we have been committed to following the science to bring forward new solutions for dengue and this new data is an encouraging step forward to addressing the expanding impact of climate change on human health.”The two-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled human challenge study evaluated the antiviral activity, safety and pharmacokinetics of different dosing regimens – low, medium or high – of JNJ-1802 against an attenuated dengue 3 serotype (DENV-3) in healthy adults. All participants received daily doses of JNJ-1802 or a placebo over 26 days, during which they were challenged with DENV-3 on day 5. All participants were monitored over 85 days. The study found dose-dependent antiviral effect on the detectability of DENV-3 RNA and time to first onset of detectable DENV-3 RNA compared to placebo and was safe and well-tolerated.“The promising results of JNJ-1802 to date offer the hope that science will be able to deliver against this threat as more and more communities are impacted worldwide,” said Marnix Van Loock, Ph.D., Lead for Emerging Pathogens, Global Public Health R&D at Janssen Pharmaceutica NV. “Dengue requires global action, and we are proud to collaborate alongside partners around the world in advancing the development of this compound to its next phase.”This study follows data published in Nature in March 2023, which showed that JNJ-1802 provides strong protection against dengue in non-human primates and mice, and a Phase 1 first-in-human clinical study showing that the antiviral was safe and well-tolerated.Janssen thanks its supporting partners including the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Division of Clinical Research (DCR and Office of Clinical Research Policy and Regulatory Operations (OCRPRO) for their collaboration in conducting this trial.A New Tool to Fight a Growing ThreatThe development of a dengue antiviral is critically important to global health. Over half the world’s population currently lives in areas where dengue is endemic. Dengue fever impacts at least 400 million annually, sickening an estimated 100 million and killing thousands, with more going undiagnosed or misdiagnosed.Changes in climate are exacerbating the crisis, lengthening the infection season and allowing the mosquito that carries the virus to spread beyond its native regions. In 2023, countries like Bolivia, Peru and Bangladesh have already reported some of their worst outbreaks on record, and countries like the U.S., Spain and France are seeing a rise of locally acquired cases for the first time.Research and development (R&D) against dengue has proven challenging due to four globally circulating serotypes and there are currently no therapeutics and only two licensed vaccines limitedly available. Investment in antivirals, which do not require cold chain and can induce immunity in just days, is sorely needed to diversify the prevention toolbox to slow down outbreaks and limit epidemic-levels of cases.Johnson & Johnson’s Commitment to DengueJohnson & Johnson has been investing in dengue R&D for over a decade. The Company is also collaborating closely with academic partners to bolster local R&D. In June 2022, Johnson & Johnson launched its Satellite Center for Global Health Discovery at Duke-NUS in Singapore, which is focused on accelerating early-stage discovery research to address the growing challenge of flaviviruses, including dengue.These efforts are part of Johnson & Johnson’s more than 15-year legacy working to address the burden of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), a group of about 20 communicable diseases that together affect more than 1.7 billion people in 149 countries around the world. In 2022, the Company joined the global community to endorse the Kigali Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases, pledging to continue to donate up to 200 million doses annually of mebendazole through 2025 to tackle intestinal worms and advance novel R&D programs to discover new medications needed to beat leprosy and dengue.You can learn more about our efforts to beat NTDs, including dengue, by visiting JNJ.com/NTDs.  About the Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & JohnsonAt Janssen, we're creating a future where disease is a thing of the past. We're the Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, working tirelessly to make that future a reality for patients everywhere by fighting sickness with science, improving access with ingenuity, and healing hopelessness with heart. We focus on areas of medicine where we can make the biggest difference: Cardiovascular, Metabolism & Retina; Immunology; Infectious Diseases & Vaccines; Neuroscience; Oncology; and Pulmonary Hypertension.Learn more at www.janssen.com. Follow us at @JanssenUS and @JanssenGlobal. Janssen Research & Development, LLC and Janssen Biotech, Inc. are part of the Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson.About Johnson & JohnsonAt Johnson & Johnson, we believe health is everything. Our strength in healthcare innovation empowers us to build a world where complex diseases are prevented, treated, and cured, where treatments are smarter and less invasive, and solutions are personal. Through our expertise in Innovative Medicine and MedTech, we are uniquely positioned to innovate across the full spectrum of healthcare solutions today to deliver the breakthroughs of tomorrow, and profoundly impact health for humanity. Learn more at https://www.jnj.com/. Cautions Concerning Forward-Looking Statements This press release contains “forward-looking statements” as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 regarding dengue fever, flavivirus and neglected tropical diseases. The reader is cautioned not to rely on these forward-looking statements. These statements are based on current expectations of future events. If underlying assumptions prove inaccurate or known or unknown risks or uncertainties materialize, actual results could vary materially from the expectations and projections of Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV and/or Johnson & Johnson. Risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: challenges and uncertainties inherent in product research and development, including the uncertainty of clinical success and of obtaining regulatory approvals; uncertainty of commercial success; manufacturing difficulties and delays; competition, including technological advances, new products and patents attained by competitors; challenges to patents; product efficacy or safety concerns resulting in product recalls or regulatory action; changes in behavior and spending patterns of purchasers of health care products and services; changes to applicable laws and regulations, including global health care reforms; and trends toward health care cost containment. A further list and descriptions of these risks, uncertainties and other factors can be found in Johnson & Johnson’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 2023, including in the sections captioned “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” and in Johnson & Johnson’s subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Copies of these filings are available online at www.sec.gov, www.jnj.com or on request from Johnson & Johnson. None of Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV nor Johnson & Johnson undertakes to update any forward-looking statement as a result of new information or future events or developments.

Phase 2VaccineClinical ResultPhase 1

17 Mar 2023

·www.jnj.com

Janssen Announces Novel Dengue Antiviral Demonstrates Efficacy in Pre-Clinical Data Published in Nature

The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson (Janssen) announced today the publication of new data in the journal Nature showing that an early-stage clinical candidate (JNJ-1802) provides strong protection against dengue in non-human primates and mice. The first-in-class antiviral, which was shown to be safe and well tolerated in a Phase 1 first-in-human clinical study, is now progressing into Phase 2 clinical studies for the prevention and treatment of dengue. The new data indicate JNJ-1802 is effective against all four of the dengue serotypes in mouse models and provides strong protection against two tested serotypes (DENV-1 and -2) in non-human primates. These findings build on research published in Nature in 2021 that first identified the novel mechanism of action from the same chemical series as JNJ-1802. The mechanism of action prevents the interaction between two viral proteins (NS3 and NS4B), thereby stopping the ability of the virus to replicate. A similar mechanism of action was confirmed for JNJ-1802 with these new data. This new research, together with Phase 1 first-in-human data showing the compound to be safe and well-tolerated, is supportive of further clinical development of JNJ-1802 for both prophylaxis and treatment of dengue. “The unprecedented rise in dengue outbreaks throughout the past years offers a glimpse of what lies ahead as climate change continues to put more people and communities at risk of dengue,” said Ruxandra Draghia-Akli, M.D., Ph.D., Global Head, Global Public Health R&D at Janssen Research & Development, LLC. “We know an antiviral will be critical to addressing the unmet needs today and tomorrow, and we are committed to developing our breakthrough compound to expand the toolset available to prevent and treat dengue.” Janssen thanks its strategic partners in the research and development of its dengue compound, including the KU Leuven Rega Institute, the KU Leuven Centre for Drug Design and Discovery (CD3), Department of Virology at the Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases at Heidelberg University, Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences at the University of Texas Medical Branch Health (UTMB), Unité des Virus Émergents at Aix-Marseille University and the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. The Growing Global Dengue Threat Dengue is a significant and growing global health challenge. As many as 400 million people contract the dengue virus each year, and the resulting illness is one of the leading causes of hospitalization among children in countries in Latin America and Asia. Despite the global burden of dengue, and the fact that reinfection is possible due to the presence of four dengue serotypes, there are no therapeutics available to treat the disease and only a limited number of prevention options have been approved. “The promising results of JNJ-1802 to date offer the hope that science will be able to deliver against this threat as more and more communities are impacted worldwide,” said Marnix Van Loock, Ph.D., Lead for Emerging Pathogens, Global Public Health R&D at Janssen Pharmaceutica NV. “Dengue requires global action and we are proud to collaborate alongside partners here in Europe and around the world in advancing the development of this compound to its next phase.” The dengue challenge is likely to grow in the coming years. In 2022, countries like Singapore, Nepal and Bangladesh experienced some of their worst outbreaks on record, while non-endemic countries like France and the United States reported some of their first, locally-acquired cases, part of a broader trend of increasing zoonotic outbreaks linked to climate change. Strengthening Johnson & Johnson’s Enduring Commitment to Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) Johnson & Johnson’s work against dengue is one part of a larger, more than 15-year legacy working to address the burden of NTDs, a group of about 20 communicable diseases that affect more than 1.7 billion people in 149 countries around the world. In 2022, the Company joined the global community to endorse the Kigali Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases, pledging to continue to donate up to 200 million doses annually of mebendazole through 2025 to tackle intestinal worms and advance novel R&D programs to discover new medications needed to beat leprosy and dengue. In addition to developing JNJ-1802, Johnson & Johnson is working to holistically strengthen R&D for dengue, including through novel R&D approaches and leveraging emerging technology. To support the Company’s clinical development program, Johnson & Johnson is using artificial intelligence (AI) to forecast dengue hotspots and build predictive models for dengue incidence to accelerate trial recruitment and site sourcing. Data from the project was recently presented at the 2022 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Additionally, the Company launched the Satellite Center for Global Health Discovery at Duke-NUS Medical School in Singapore in June 2022, which is focused on accelerating early-stage, discovery research to address the growing challenge of flaviviruses, including dengue. The Satellite Center, the first to be established in Asia, was launched as part of the Company’s broader efforts to expand the global network for R&D and bolster local R&D, building on a longstanding collaboration with Duke-NUS. You can learn more about Johnson & Johnson’s efforts to beat NTDs, including dengue, by visiting JNJ.com/NTDs. About the Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson At Janssen, we're creating a future where disease is a thing of the past. We're the Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, working tirelessly to make that future a reality for patients everywhere by fighting sickness with science, improving access with ingenuity and healing hopelessness with heart. We focus on areas of medicine where we can make the biggest difference: Cardiovascular, Metabolism and Retina; Immunology; Infectious Diseases & Vaccines; Neuroscience; Oncology; and Pulmonary Hypertension. Learn more at www.janssen.com. Follow us at @JanssenGlobal and @JanssenUS. Janssen Research & Development, LLC and Janssen Pharmaceutica NV are part of the Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson. About Johnson & Johnson At Johnson & Johnson, we believe good health is the foundation of vibrant lives, thriving communities and forward progress. That’s why for more than 135 years, we have aimed to keep people well at every age and every stage of life. Today, as the world’s largest, most diversified healthcare products company, we are committed to using our reach and size for good. We strive to improve access and affordability, create healthier communities, and put a healthy mind, body and environment within reach of everyone, everywhere. We are blending our heart, science and ingenuity to profoundly change the trajectory of health for humanity. Learn more at www.jnj.com. Follow us at @JNJNews.

Clinical Study

100 Deals associated with Mebendazole

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KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00368	Mebendazole	P02CA01	DB00643

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Ascariasis	US	Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	28 Jun 1974
Enterobiasis	US	Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	28 Jun 1974
Hookworm Infections	US	Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	28 Jun 1974
Trichuriasis	US	Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	28 Jun 1974

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Helminthiasis	Phase 3	ET	Janssen Research & Development LLC	01 Dec 2014
Helminthiasis	Phase 3	RW	Janssen Research & Development LLC	01 Dec 2014
Brain Stem Glioma	Phase 2	US	Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	22 Oct 2013
Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma	Phase 2	US	Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	22 Oct 2013
Glioblastoma Multiforme	Phase 2	US	Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	22 Oct 2013
Gliosarcoma	Phase 2	US	Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	22 Oct 2013
Low grade glioma	Phase 2	US	Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	22 Oct 2013
Optic Nerve Glioma	Phase 2	US	Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	22 Oct 2013
pilocytic astrocytoma of childhood	Phase 2	US	Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	22 Oct 2013
Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma	Phase 2	US	Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	22 Oct 2013

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


CTRI/2018/01/011542 (BELOB, ASCO2022) Manual	Phase 2	Recurrent Glioblastoma	-	lomustine+Mebendazole	pexotzuwze(vxmwqdnozn) = mbucxkgqkf oubaeihjfa (fvxewwicbd, 29.6 - 59.2) View more	Negative	02 Jun 2022
				temozolomide+Mebendazole	pexotzuwze(vxmwqdnozn) = wvxxkjogsk oubaeihjfa (fvxewwicbd, 22.3 - 51) View more
NCT03925662 (Pubmed \| Life Sci)	Phase 3	Colorectal Cancer	40	Mebendazole + bevacizumab + FOLFOX4	ludgwexgmr(wquazqlbpu) = non-significant variation in CEA level (p = 0.063) weoqkegngy (exqkcvtqyx ) View more	Positive	03 Apr 2022
				Bevacizumab + FOLFOX4 + placebo
NCT03995680 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Hookworm Infections	397	Mebendazole (Chewable Tablet of Mebendazole)	fwdsuzvfvy(njrffcroui) = uwukogrxwu hfrrgdcwbc (piweonhuhs, ysoijzobid - cepcpuwfqd) View more	-	20 Jul 2020
				Mebendazole (Swallowable Tablet of Mebendazole)	fwdsuzvfvy(njrffcroui) = cgogooiqww hfrrgdcwbc (piweonhuhs, ometfutmvj - zxtpvenini) View more
NCT03245398 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Hookworm Infections	186	one of the two regimens of mebendazole (Single Dose of Mebendazole)	xomqqfvwim(dmhcskcxea) = jdsrxnulfv xxwufvobcs (tksnnqdsrm, jvrgeziino - uolbsgscde)	-	17 Jun 2019
				one of the two regimens of mebendazole (Multiple Dose of Mebendazole)	xomqqfvwim(dmhcskcxea) = ebizunuwlp xxwufvobcs (tksnnqdsrm, cctbwhfnwq - xsitetnwsk)
NCT03245398 (Pubmed)	Phase 4	Hookworm Infections	185	Single dose mebendazole	uuqyhwbjkh(ywbcypmbrn) = bunqcxgyzq ynmpqpryzk (wlqteaqbeo )	-	01 Jul 2018
				Multiple dose mebendazole	uuqyhwbjkh(ywbcypmbrn) = kaxxizpsvw ynmpqpryzk (wlqteaqbeo )
NCT02034162 (CTgov)	Phase 3	Helminthiasis	295	placebo (Double-blind Placebo)	zfnqyzvhvo(ldrflsyftg) = hrzoldltpr jhoejuwqzu (odbuntjttq, ykgerltvgo - ncdqfdjjwv) View more	-	04 Nov 2016
				Mebendazole (Double-blind Mebendazole 500 mg)	zfnqyzvhvo(ldrflsyftg) = pefehrupfl jhoejuwqzu (odbuntjttq, qrmfbztwyt - bbgcrmwhll) View more
NCT01379326 \| NCT01087099 (Pubmed \| PLoS Negl Trop Dis)	Phase 4	Helminthiasis	250	Mebendazole 500 mg	rzcpvnqhkq(ifhietauqn) = lqsebhrvge liazlhuuxq (oemtdqjugt, 95.8; 99.5)	-	01 Oct 2014
				Albendazole 400 mg	rzcpvnqhkq(ifhietauqn) = qumipbtszj liazlhuuxq (oemtdqjugt, 91.1; 100)
NCT01350271 (CTgov)	Phase 3	Helminthiasis	214	Placebo (Placebo)	fkpplijdml(fugjkccgcp) = qttqgpulzo atxnckgedg (heclwjxaxe, hgiwjxqvdo - srbbpdjtzf) View more	-	22 Apr 2013
				Mebendazole polymorph A (Mebendazole Polymorph A and C 500 mg)	fkpplijdml(fugjkccgcp) = rzsecatdux atxnckgedg (heclwjxaxe, fsrafvdild - qgsgwuubzj) View more
ERS2012	Not Applicable	Persistent asthma total IgE \| Ascaris-specific IgE	30	Mebendazole 100 mg b.i.d	kfybzkbbed(pwpmeaegfa) = tcqljvbujr jlxylqjnei (mlunwkjzlt ) View more	-	01 Sep 2012

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Approval

Accelerate your research with the latest regulatory approval information.

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Regulation

Understand key drug designations in just a few clicks with Synapse.

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Accelerate Strategic R&D decision making with Synapse, PatSnap’s AI-powered Connected Innovation Intelligence Platform Built for Life Sciences Professionals.

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Synapse data is also accessible to external entities via APIs or data packages. Leverages most recent intelligence information, enabling fullest potential.

Bio

Bio Sequences Search & Analysis

Chemical

Chemical Structures Search & Analysis