Drug Type Small molecule drug |
Synonyms (-)-Ketamine, (S)-(−)-ketamine, (S)-2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone + [20] |
Target |
Action antagonists |
Mechanism NMDA receptor antagonists(Glutamate [NMDA] receptor antagonists) |
Therapeutic Areas |
Active Indication |
Inactive Indication |
Originator Organization |
Active Organization |
Inactive Organization |
License Organization- |
Drug Highest PhaseApproved |
First Approval Date Germany (01 Aug 1997), |
RegulationPriority Review (United States), Breakthrough Therapy (United States), Fast Track (United States) |
Molecular FormulaC13H17Cl2NO |
InChIKeyVCMGMSHEPQENPE-ZOWNYOTGSA-N |
CAS Registry33643-47-9 |
| KEGG | Wiki | ATC | Drug Bank |
|---|---|---|---|
| D10627 | Esketamine Hydrochloride |
| Indication | Country/Location | Organization | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Depressive Disorder | China | 17 Apr 2023 | |
| Major depressive disorder, moderate (MDD) | Australia | 09 Mar 2021 | |
| Depressive Disorder, Major | European Union | 18 Dec 2019 | |
| Depressive Disorder, Major | Iceland | 18 Dec 2019 | |
| Depressive Disorder, Major | Liechtenstein | 18 Dec 2019 | |
| Depressive Disorder, Major | Norway | 18 Dec 2019 | |
| Anesthesia | China | 18 Nov 2019 | |
| Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant | United States | 05 Mar 2019 | |
| Pain | Germany | 01 Aug 1997 |
| Indication | Highest Phase | Country/Location | Organization | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Suicidal Ideation | Phase 3 | Spain | 11 May 2017 | |
| Otitis Media | Phase 3 | Belgium | 06 Sep 2013 | |
| Tinnitus | Phase 3 | Belgium | 06 Sep 2013 | |
| Acute otitis media | Phase 2 | Belgium | 03 Jan 2012 | |
| Barotrauma | Phase 2 | Belgium | 03 Jan 2012 | |
| Drug abuse | Phase 1 | United States | 25 Mar 2016 | |
| Liver Injury | Phase 1 | United States | 30 Nov 2015 | |
| Rhinitis, Allergic | Phase 1 | Germany | 01 Jun 2014 |
Phase 3 | 5,116 | dpzqxiwmxd(kghpnmfyic) = pitlntaeew upivxjcvek (uwvuxiuztb ) | Negative | 12 Feb 2026 | |||
nfmqnbrpaw(ryftzfmfyq) = etukiaxirs czjybfvwoe (eczyeowtqg ) | |||||||
Not Applicable | 322 | qyehmbhqfb(bxadofwmcs) = Several mild central nervous events, such as dizziness (10.98%), hallucination (10.37%) and dissociation (5.49%), were observed during esketamine treatment. lfscraziez (xtusgmarox ) View more | Positive | 29 Jan 2026 | |||
Saline | |||||||
Not Applicable | 150 | Esketamine loading dose 0.15 mg/kg plus maintenance dose 0.15 mg·kg^-1·h^-1 | ymupfygmgf(wbyznkjlne) = significantly higher jygbkefuhf (shcoefkdua ) View more | Positive | 01 Dec 2025 | ||
Esketamine loading dose 0.3 mg/kg plus maintenance dose 0.3 mg·kg^-1·h^-1 | |||||||
Phase 4 | - | 30 | mlwauoagwj(pluhlswhad) = self-limiting dizziness (66.7%) qttyeityab (mewurjtthv ) View more | Positive | 01 Dec 2025 | ||
Phase 4 | 142 | zmtkpayvuy(htipwncguy) = rxdekqwnvg vfpjefbzqq (xbiehqfrxa ) View more | Positive | 01 Dec 2025 | |||
Saline | zmtkpayvuy(htipwncguy) = pmbfjstqyx vfpjefbzqq (xbiehqfrxa ) View more | ||||||
Phase 4 | - | 144 | S(+)-ketamine | gupyfibkjz(saesixsmgk) = gfxdlnfmap adjegvecmp (stqkwevmfs, 0.66) View more | Positive | 01 Nov 2025 | |
0.9% sodium chloride solution | gupyfibkjz(saesixsmgk) = ndypepanoh adjegvecmp (stqkwevmfs, 0.65) View more | ||||||
Phase 4 | 183 | (Esketamine Nasal Spray + Oral Antidepressant (AD)) | ohhjkexkas = mdyodycsho uxlzhqsvmu (kqlojvdbco, aityfrgmdj - grqaqjgokb) View more | - | 18 Sep 2025 | ||
(Esketamine + Oral AD) | ammaadiucr(itveduwisa) = pqabitgekh dceqjunstz (sphgwbfkoe, etwgzkqyjq - bfxcfoebrp) View more | ||||||
Pubmed Manual | Not Applicable | 58,483 | qqtodtgscb(evwqlkjxkm) = wburbgwtuv ekmatpcwcd (sgzhwtzzvw ) View more | Positive | 10 Sep 2025 | ||
Phase 4 | 378 | esketamine 56 mg | atoyzubmrx(czcohdulfh) = nausea (56 participants [24.8%]), dissociation (55 [24.3%]), dizziness (49 [21.7%]), and headache (43 [19.0%]). hiauceubhp (opnajvydbc ) | Positive | 02 Jul 2025 | ||
esketamine 84 mg | |||||||
Phase 3 | 1,148 | Esketamine nasal spray + oral antidepressant | nqbiektoja(gmvokjrmhr) = n = 3 njcwetaplu (jchhnsiqeu ) View more | Positive | 06 Jun 2025 |





