Global Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy Clinical Trials Landscape
22 May 2024
Phase 1ImmunotherapyDrug ApprovalVaccine
“Currently More Than 180 Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapies Are In Clinical Trials”
Conventionally, the management of cancer was predominantly restricted to surgery, radiation therapy, in addition to chemotherapy. Even though these therapies have shown significant abolition of primary tumors, their allied systemic toxicities and the high incidences of relapse are the foremost limitations. The escalation in prevalence of cancer and the curbs of conventional therapies have propelled the demand of novel targeted therapies which can overcome the limitations and have enhanced specificity and target ability towards the disease. One such approach is using the virus as a therapeutic approach to deliver cancer fighting genes to the tumor cell and thereby inducing an immuno modularity response that will aid to cause death in cancerous cell. This led the development of oncolytic virus therapy as a promising treatment to cure rising cancer malignancies.
The oncolytic virus therapy clenches long history which can be backpedalled the late 1950s to 1970s epoch in which the multiple clinical trials and studies were ongoing with the wild type viruses in order to understand a novel approach to treat tumor cells. Moreover, oncolytic viral therapy provides enormous advantage such as higher response towards cancer cells owing to the presence of impaired antiviral defense in addition to better delivery of therapeutic payloads to tumor cells as compared to the conventional treatment which aims to reduce or delays the symptoms of cancer.
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The research and development picked up its pace ever since the oncolytic virus therapy called Oncorine was approved by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) to treat Head and neck cancer in the year 2005. However, the drug was only accessible in China owing to the strict rules and regulations. Nevertheless, the approval of Oncorine has provided surplus thrust to the research and development across the globe which led to the approval by FDA for the first viral therapy, T- VEC (Imlygic) to treat melanoma.
One of the primary impetuses for the growth of oncolytic virus therapy domain was due to the rising ascendancy of these therapies in the clinical studies. Preliminary data from the clinical trial studies demonstrates that more than 150 clinical researches are currently ongoing for the treatment of innumerable seldom and common diseases such as Alzheimer disease, herpes simplex 1, advanced biliary tract cancer, chronic hepatitis b, refractory malignant ascites as well as hepatocellular carcinoma.
The clinical pipeline for the domain of viral therapy is mounting at an incredible gait. For instance, a modified human recombinant type 5 adenovirus with genetic modifications H101 is a novel treatment regimen used to provide treatment for patients suffering from advanced biliary tract cancer. The study is lately in the phase I clinical stage which is sponsored and collaborated by Fudan University. To further enhanced in addition to improve the efficacy, novel viral oncolytic therapy are used in combination with other drugs with the purpose to provide improved and advanced treatment regimen to the patients suffering from cancer. For instance, a novel Telomerase-specific Type 5 Adenovirus OBP-301 viral therapy in conjugation with Carboplatin, Paclitaxel as well as radiation therapy is used to cure adenocarcinoma. The clinical studies in lately in the phase I clinical stage which is sponsored and collaborated by NRG OncologyOncology and National Cancer Institute (NCI)Cancer Institute (NCI).
Researches believed that the oncolytic virus therapy clench potential as well as long lasting promising therapeutic effects. As a consequence, multiple pharmaceutical companies along with centers such as City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterCancer Center, New York Medical College, Children's Hospital of Pennsylvania, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Peking University First Hospital as well as Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University are working recklessly for the purpose to develop advanced oncolytic virus therapy that controls the prognosis of cancer diseases along with other indications such as advanced bladder carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, solid tumor and gastrointestinal cancer. All these examples mentioned above demonstrate that the clinical and translational market for oncolytic virus therapy is growing at an absurd pace.
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