Problem statement: Curcumin the active component of turmeric is known for its wide biol. actions.Extensive studies on curcumin highlighted its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, anti-carcinogenic and anti-coagulant activity.The anti-inflammatory activities of curcumin have been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo.Though curcumin and its anti-inflammatory properties are well documented, the exact mechanism of action and effective in vivo dosage required for potential anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin are yet to be determinedThe current work reflects in identifying the the role curcumin in the inflammatory cascade and arriving at an optimal ED (ED50).Approach: The objective of the current study is to understand and establish the role of curcumin in the treatment of inflammatory condition, through in-silico, in-vitro and in-vivo studies.The specificity and binding affinity of curcumin to major inflammatory mediators such as, cytokines/chemokines, signaling proteins and transcription factors were evaluated using mol. docking.Subsequently, in-vitro experiments were conducted to establish the role of curcumin in reducing the release of histamine and β-hexosaminidase form U937 human monocytes cell lines.Further, the ED (ED50) of curcumin was established for its potent in vivo anti-inflammatory activity.Results: Our study confirmed a strong affinity of curcumin to various inflammatory mediators (ERK, PKC, P38 MAP Kinase, NFkB and Lipoxygenase).Curcumin when studied for its affinity towards chemokines/cytokines and TNF-α was found to be ineffective.Proportionate reduction in histamine and β-hexosaminidase release in U937 cells in vitro and inhibition of paw edema in carrageenan induced inflammation in rats affirmed the dose dependent anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin.This in vivo study elucidated the ED50 value to be 570.6 mg kg-1 body weight for curcumin, which apparently shall be the potent dose to screen its anti-inflammatory activity.Conclusion: Overall results suggest that, curcumin mediates its anti-inflammatory activity by its direct effect on multi-target inflammatory mediators while others were mediated by the downstream effects of curcumin.Curcumin can be a potent mol. in treatment of various diseases associated with inflammation, with its multi-target potency and high safety profile.