Dongguan University of Technology

With the application of new energy vehicles, lithium batteries generate a large amount of heat during operation, s-o batteries need effective thermal management.The traditional air cooling method has poor temperature control, which cannot meet the needs of thermal management.In this study, a new flexible composite phase change material (CPCM) is preparedExperiments have shown that CPCM has good flexibility at 30 °C.The heat generation of the simulated battery is set according to the exptl. heat generation.The thermal performance of CPCM with different thicknesses is analyzed by simulation comparison.The results show that the temperature control effect of air cooling with an air velocity of 3 m/s is comparable to that of the CPCM with a filling thickness of 4 mm.The maximum temperature of the lithium battery pack is 316.98 K.The combination of CPCM and air cooling has a good temperature control effect, which can control the temperature of the battery pack within 315.23 K.Meanwhile, the air cooling simulated in this study is the natural air cooling of the disturbed air during the operation of the elec. vehicle.It has the advantages of no energy consumption, green and low carbon and efficient thermal management.

Exercise-induced fatigue is often accompanied by a poor mental state, reduced work efficiency, and decreased athletic performance. Mushroom polysaccharides have been shown in recent years to have a positive effect on alleviating exercise-induced fatigue. This review comprehensively analyzes the extraction methods, structure-activity relationships, and mechanisms of mushroom polysaccharides in alleviating exercise-induced fatigue from 1999 to 2025. Research has revealed that mushroom polysaccharides not only directly alleviate exercise-induced fatigue by regulating gut microbiota but also indirectly mitigate it by influencing oxidative stress, inflammatory factors, and energy metabolism. Moreover, the structure of mushroom polysaccharides is closely related to their biological activity, but there is no systematic consensus on the key structural feature responsible for their antifatigue effects. The purpose of this review is to provide new theoretical evidence for the relationship between the polysaccharide structure and activity and to pave the way for the development of antifatigue functional food ingredients based on mushroom polysaccharides.

In anaerobic digestion (AD) of food waste (FW), an imbalance in the proportion of highly biodegradable waste can lead to the accumulation of organic acids or ammonia, which in turn affects the stability of the system. Using garden waste (GW) to co-digest with FW will reduce the biodegradable organic loading, while carbon-rich GW may impact the hydrolysis process. Hence, this study conducted a 16-day two-phase AD treating FW and GW at a mixing ratio of 0 %, 25 %, 50 %, and 75 % GW/FW in a 50 mL working volume with 50 % of acidogenic solution being replaced daily. Acetivibrio thermocellus, a holocellulose degradative bacteria, was introduced to assess the effect of its bioaugmentation on the overall AD performance. The analysis of the organic matter removal efficiency and biogas production showed that the recalcitrant lignocellulosic fraction in the substrate inhibited the hydrolysis and hydrogen production at 75 % GW. Notably, bioaugmentation with A. thermocellus significantly promote substrate degradation (especially the utilization of holocellulose). In addition, A. thermocellus increased hydrogen and methane yield by 141.78 % (from 39.18 mL/g VS _added to 94.73 mL/g VS _added) and 69.89 % (from 170.56 mL/g VS _added to 280.77 mL/g VS _added), respectively, at 50 % GW, leading to a 74.93 % increase in overall energy recovery. These findings indicate that adjusting the proportion of carbon-rich biomass is important in AD system, which provides insights into A. thermocellus bioaugmentation strategies in two-phase anaerobic co-digestion.