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Last update 23 Jan 2025

NCX

Last update 23 Jan 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

Enx, Homeobox protein Hox-11L1, HOX11L1

+ [5]

Introduction

Transcription activator that binds DNA elements with the consensus sequence 5'-CGGTAATTGG-3'. Binds DNA via its homeobox. Required for normal cell death of enteric neurons in the gastrointestinal tract. Required for normal development of the enteric nervous system, and for proper development of normal motility of the gastrointestinal tract (By similarity).

Drugs associated with NCX

YM-244769

Target

NCX

Mechanism

NCX inhibitors

Active Org.

Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Originator Org.

Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Active Indication

Heart Failure

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhasePreclinical

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

SEA-0400

Target

NCX

Mechanism

NCX inhibitors

Active Org.

Osaka University [+1]

Originator Org.

Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Active Indication

Brain Ischemia [+1]

Inactive Indication

Stroke

Drug Highest PhasePreclinical

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

SAR340835

Target

NCX

Mechanism

NCX inhibitors

Active Org.

Sanofi

Originator Org.

Sanofi

Active Indication

Heart Failure

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhasePreclinical

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

100 Clinical Results associated with NCX

100 Translational Medicine associated with NCX

0 Patents (Medical) associated with NCX

1,589

Literatures (Medical) associated with NCX

01 Jan 2025·Cell Calcium

Regulation of SR and mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling by L-type Ca2+ channels and Na/Ca exchanger in hiPSC–CMs

Article

Author: Zhang, Xiao-Hua ; Morad, Martin

RATIONALE & METHODSWhile signaling of cardiac SR by surface membrane proteins (I_Ca & I_NCX) is well studied, the regulation of mitochondrial Ca²⁺ by plasmalemmal proteins remains less explored. Here we have examined the signaling of mitochondria and SR by surface-membrane calcium-transporting proteins, using genetically engineered targeted fluorescent probes, mito-GCamP6 and R-CEPIA1er.RESULTSIn voltage-clamped and TIRF-imaged cardiomyocytes, low Na⁺ induced SR Ca²⁺ release was suppressed by short pre-exposures to ∼100 nM FCCP, suggesting mitochondrial Ca²⁺ contribution to low Na⁺ triggered SR Ca²⁺release. Even though low Na⁺- or caffeine-triggered SR Ca²⁺ release activated global mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uptake, focal mitochondrial Ca²⁺ signals varied in kinetics and magnitude, showing uptake or release of calcium, depending on cellular location of mitochondria. In spontaneously pacing cells, sustained caffeine exposures depleted the SR Ca²⁺ content activating mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uptake followed by sustained mitochondrial pacing. Spontaneous hiPSCCMs pacing was strongly suppressed by L-type calcium channels blockers, but not by inhibiting SERCA2a by CPA.CONCLUSIONSpontaneous hiPSCCMs pacing is triggered by influx of calcium through L-type Ca²⁺ channel that gates the release of SR pools supplemented by NCX-mediated mitochondrial calcium contribution.

01 Jan 2025·Current Problems in Cardiology

Role of MicroRNAs in Regulating Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Handling and Their Implications for Cardiomyocyte Function and Heart Disease

Review

Author: Parker, Victoria Elizabeth ; Carter, Benjamin Alexander

The regulation of calcium signaling within cardiomyocytes is pivotal for maintaining cardiac function, with disruptions in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium handling linked to various heart diseases. This review explores the emerging role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in modulating SR calcium dynamics, highlighting their influence on cardiomyocyte maturation, function, and disease progression. We present a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms by which specific miRNAs, such as miR-1, miR-24, and miR-22, regulate key components of calcium handling, including ryanodine receptors, SERCA, and NCX. Notably, we identify critical research gaps, particularly the inconsistent findings regarding miRNA expression in heart disease and the need for standardized experimental conditions. Furthermore, we emphasize the potential of miRNAs as therapeutic targets, given their ability to influence calcium handling pathways and cardiac remodeling. The review also discusses the challenges in translating miRNA research into clinical applications, including the need for safe and effective delivery methods. By synthesizing current knowledge and identifying areas for future investigation, this review aims to provide insights into the therapeutic potential of miRNAs in diagnosing and treating heart diseases, ultimately contributing to improved patient outcomes.

01 Nov 2024·Head & Neck

Masseter muscle thickness is predictive of cancer cachexia in patients with head and neck cancer

Article

Author: Novinger, Leah J. ; Moore, Michael G. ; Jones, Alexander J. ; Bonetto, Andrea ; Balanta‐Melo, Julián

AbstractBackgroundCancer cachexia is prevalent in head and neck cancer patients. The L3 skeletal muscle index (SMI) is often used to assess sarcopenia and cachexia but is infrequently able to be measured in this population. Masseter muscle thickness (MT) may serve as an alternative predictor of cachexia.MethodsSMI and MT were calculated from 20 trauma (CTRL) and 40 cachectic (CA‐CX) and non‐cachectic (CA‐NCX) head and neck cancer patients. Area Under the Curve of the Receiver Operating Characteristics (AUC‐ROC) analysis was performed for SMI and MT.ResultsBoth SMI and MT were significantly decreased in CA‐CX patients (vs. CA‐NCX mean difference −19.5 cm2/m2 and −2.06 mm, respectively) and significant predictors of CA‐CX (AUC = 0.985 and 0.805, respectively). When analyzed by sex, the same findings were observed for MT in males and trended toward significance in females.ConclusionsCompared with SMI, MT is a good alternative prognostic biomarker to determine CA‐CX status in HNC patients.

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