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Last update 08 May 2025

CRY1 x CRY2

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Related Targets

CRY1CRY2

Drugs associated with CRY1 x CRY2

SHP656(Synchronicity Pharma)

Target

CRY1 x CRY2

Mechanism

CRY1 modulators [+1]

Active Org.

Nagoya University [+3]

Originator Org.

Synchronicity Pharma, Inc. [+1]

Active Indication

Colorectal Cancer [+1]

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhasePreclinical

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

TW68

Target

CRY1 x CRY2

Mechanism

CRY1 inhibitors [+1]

Active Org.

KOC University

Originator Org.

KOC University

Active Indication

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhasePreclinical

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

100 Clinical Results associated with CRY1 x CRY2

100 Translational Medicine associated with CRY1 x CRY2

0 Patents (Medical) associated with CRY1 x CRY2

749

Literatures (Medical) associated with CRY1 x CRY2

31 Dec 2025·Animal Cells and Systems

Circadian genes and non-coding RNAs: interactions and implications in cancer

Review

Author: Jang, Wonyi ; Roh, Jungwook ; Yoon, Goeun ; Kim, Wanyeon

Circadian rhythms are 24-hour cycles in various biological processes, such as sleep, wake, and hormone secretion, controlled by an internal clock. Disruption of circadian rhythms has been related to various human diseases. Abnormal expression of circadian rhythm-related genes, such as CLOCK, BMAL1, PER1, PER2, CRY1, CRY2, RORα, NPAS2, REV-ERBα and TIMELESS has also been reported to be associated with cancer. CLOCK, CRY1, NPAS2 and TIMELESS are related to cancer development. In contrast, BMAL1, PER1, PER2, CRY2, RORα and REV-ERBα related to inhibit cancer development and progression. Furthermore, studies suggest that circadian genes related to cancer can be regulated by ncRNAs such as miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs and that dysregulation of these ncRNAs contributes to cancer development. Here, we summarize the mechanisms whereby ncRNA dysregulation leads to the abnormal expression of circadian genes in several cancers and the ncRNA and circadian gene-associated regulatory mechanisms that contribute to resistance to chemo - and radiotherapy. This review provides insights into the mechanistic involvements of the regulatory network of circadian genes and ncRNAs in cancer development.

01 Dec 2025·Histochemistry and Cell Biology

Identifying CSNK1E as a therapeutic target in thyroid cancer among the core circadian clock genes

Article

Author: Hsu, Yi-Chiung ; Huang, Shih-Yuan ; Tsai, Chung-Hsin ; Cheng, Shih-Ping ; Chang, Shao-Chiang ; Chi, Shun-Yu

Previous studies have shown that thyroid malignancies can alter the transcriptional oscillations of circadian clock genes. In this study, we screened the expression of core circadian clock genes in thyroid neoplasms and found that CSNK1E, NPAS2, and TIMELESS were upregulated, while ARNTL, CRY1, CRY2, PER2, and RORA were downregulated during the progression and dedifferentiation of thyroid cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis further confirmed an increase in CSNK1E expression parallel to the loss of tumor differentiation. To investigate the potential therapeutic implications, we treated thyroid cancer cell lines with two different CSNK1E inhibitors: PF670462 and IC261. Both inhibitors resulted in growth inhibition in monolayer and three-dimensional spheroid cultures. This growth inhibition was accompanied by G2/M cell cycle arrest and a decrease in CDK4 and cyclin D1 expression. Moreover, CSNK1E inhibitors suppressed cell migration and invasion and reduced the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers. In vivo experiments using xenograft models showed that the administration of IC261 significantly restrained tumor growth and decreased the Ki-67 index of the xenograft tumors. In conclusion, our study provides evidence of aberrant CSNK1E expression in thyroid cancer dedifferentiation and highlights the potential therapeutic value of targeting CSNK1E.

01 Apr 2025·Archives of Toxicology

The impact of circadian rhythm disruption on oxaliplatin tolerability and pharmacokinetics in Cry1−/−Cry2−/− mice under constant darkness

Article

Author: Selby, Christopher P ; Akyel, Yasemin Kubra ; Okyar, Alper ; Kavakli, Ibrahim Halil ; Taşkın, Ali Cihan ; Çelik, Melis ; Sancar, Aziz ; Seyhan, Narin Ozturk ; Gül, Şeref

AbstractCircadian rhythms, the 24-h oscillations of biological activities guided by the molecular clock, play a pivotal role in regulating various physiological processes in organisms. The intricate relationship between the loss of circadian rhythm and its influence on the tolerability and pharmacokinetic properties of anticancer drugs is poorly understood. In our study, we investigated the effects of oxaliplatin, a commonly used anticancer drug, on Cry1−/− and Cry2−/− mice (Cry DKO mice) under darkness conditions, where they exhibit free-running phenotype. We administered oxaliplatin at a dosage of 12 mg/kg/day at two distinct circadian times, CT8 and CT16, under constant darkness conditions to Cry DKO mice and their wild type littermates. Our results revealed a striking disparity in oxaliplatin tolerance between Cry DKO mice and their wild-type counterparts. Oxaliplatin exhibited severe toxicity in Cry DKO mice at both CT8 and CT16, in contrast to the wild type mice. Pharmacokinetic analyses suggested that such toxicity was a result of high concentrations of oxaliplatin in the serum and liver of Cry DKO mice after repeated dose injections. To understand the molecular basis of such intolerance, we performed RNA-seq studies using mouse livers. Our findings from the RNA-seq analysis highlighted the substantial impact of circadian rhythm disruption on gene expression, particularly affecting genes involved in detoxification and xenobiotic metabolism, such as the Gstm gene family. This dysregulation in detoxification pathways in Cry DKO mice likely contributes to the increased toxicity of oxaliplatin. In conclusion, our study highlights the crucial role of an intact molecular clock in dictating the tolerability of oxaliplatin. These findings emphasize the necessity of considering circadian rhythms in the administration of anticancer drugs, providing valuable insights into optimizing treatment strategies for cancer patients.

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