Last update 01 Nov 2024

AICARFT

Basic Info

Synonyms
5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase, AICAR formyltransferase
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Introduction
Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the last two steps of purine biosynthesis (PubMed:11948179, PubMed:14756554). Acts as a transformylase that incorporates a formyl group to the AMP analog AICAR (5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide) to produce the intermediate formyl-AICAR (FAICAR) (PubMed:9378707, PubMed:11948179, PubMed:10985775). Can use both 10-formyldihydrofolate and 10-formyltetrahydrofolate as the formyl donor in this reaction (PubMed:10985775). Also catalyzes the cyclization of FAICAR to IMP (PubMed:11948179, PubMed:14756554). Is able to convert thio-AICAR to 6-mercaptopurine ribonucleotide, an inhibitor of purine biosynthesis used in the treatment of human leukemias (PubMed:10985775). Promotes insulin receptor/INSR autophosphorylation and is involved in INSR internalization (PubMed:25687571).

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