Last update 08 May 2025

IL-33

Basic Info

Synonyms
C9orf26, chromosome 9 open reading frame 26 (NF-HEV), DKFZp586H0523
+ [18]
Introduction
Cytokine that binds to and signals through the IL1RL1/ST2 receptor which in turn activates NF-kappa-B and MAPK signaling pathways in target cells (PubMed:16286016, PubMed:19841166). Involved in the maturation of Th2 cells inducing the secretion of T-helper type 2-associated cytokines (PubMed:17853410, PubMed:18836528). Also involved in activation of mast cells, basophils, eosinophils and natural killer cells (PubMed:17853410, PubMed:18836528). Acts as an enhancer of polarization of alternatively activated macrophages (PubMed:19841166). Acts as a chemoattractant for Th2 cells, and may function as an 'alarmin', that amplifies immune responses during tissue injury (PubMed:17853410, PubMed:18836528). Induces rapid UCP2-dependent mitochondrial rewiring that attenuates the generation of reactive oxygen species and preserves the integrity of Krebs cycle required for persistent production of itaconate and subsequent GATA3-dependent differentiation of inflammation-resolving alternatively activated macrophages (By similarity). In quiescent endothelia the uncleaved form is constitutively and abundantly expressed, and acts as a chromatin-associated nuclear factor with transcriptional repressor properties, it may sequester nuclear NF-kappaB/RELA, lowering expression of its targets (PubMed:21734074). This form is rapidely lost upon angiogenic or pro-inflammatory activation (PubMed:18787100).

Analysis

Perform a panoramic analysis of this field.
Perform a panoramic analysis of this field.
Hiro LS Researcher
The AI Search Engine Built to Accelerate Biopharma Decisions
Search across billion-scale life sciences data to uncover signals, validate evidence, and act with confidence.
Ask any biopharma research question→
Get started for free today!
Accelerate Strategic R&D decision making with Synapse, Patsnap’s AI-powered Connected Innovation Intelligence Platform Built for Life Sciences Professionals.
Discover Synapse Data Servers
Synapse data is now integrated into the PatSnap LS Model Context Protocol (MCP) service. Customize your LLM agent now using our MCP server!
Bio
Bio Sequences Search & Analysis
Sign up for free
Chemical
Chemical Structures Search & Analysis
Sign up for free