Biological Glossary | What is Vector?
In molecular and microbiology, a vector refers to a method or agent that transports genetic material into a cell or organism. There are four main types of molecular vectors: cloning, viral, expression, and shuttle vectors. Cloning vectors are capable of replicating on their own and are used for replicating a particular segment of DNA. Viral vectors effectively transfer genetic material into a host for the modification of its cells or tissues. Expression vectors allow cloned genes to be displayed to verify successful cloning. Shuttle vectors transport or “shuttle” origins of replications between two different hosts and usually contain DNA sequences from both mammalian and bacterial cells.
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