Somatoform Disorders

Charles River will help bring NT-Z001 to the clinic by leveraging its off-the-shelf plasmid products, custom plasmid capabilities and adeno-associated virus (AAV) production. After charting multiple personalized medicine expansions in recent years, contract manufacturer Charles River Laboratories is back with another gene therapy pact—this time centered on an adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) candidate meant to serve as a non-opioid alternative for rare disease patients living with chronic pain. Charles River on Thursday announced a new accord with epigenetic gene therapy outfit Navega Therapeutics as part of the CDMO’s Cell and Gene Therapy Accelerator Program. The deal will grant Navega access to Charles River’s contract development and manufacturing capabilities and advisory services to produce the AAV gene therapy candidate NT-Z001 for phase 1 clinical trials, the companies said in a press release. Navega is positioning its gene therapy candidate to help treat chronic pain associated with rare diseases like small fiber neuropathy and primary erythromelalgia. The drug leverages Navega’s artificial intelligence-enabled zinc-finger gene-editing platform, the company explained. NT-Z001 specifically addresses a gain-of-function mutation in the Nav 1.7 gene, which is linked to inherited erythromelalgia, small fiber neuropathy and other chronic, debilitating pain disorders. Aside from pain tied to rare diseases, Navega figures its gene therapy could eventually address other pain indications, including neuropathic and inflammatory pain. Charles River, for its part, will help bring NT-Z001 to the clinic by leveraging its off-the-shelf plasmid products, custom plasmid capabilities and AAV production. Over the years, Charles River says it has significantly enhanced its cell and gene portfolio through a mix of acquisitions, capacity expansions and manufacturing platform launches, including eXpDNA for plasmids, nAAVigation for AAV and Lentivation for lentiviral vectors. Back in November 2022, the company debuted the expansion of its cell therapy manufacturing facility in Memphis, Tennessee. The plant reveal came just weeks after the CDMO opened a separate plasmid production facility in the U.K. Under the expansion, Charles River added nine processing suites to its 16 clean rooms at the Memphis site. The additions were designed to handle high-volume production—plus options for dual production lines—for late-stage clinical and commercial cell therapies, the company said at the time. Charles River also recently acquired a site in Rockville, Maryland, through its $350-million buyout of gene therapy CDMO Vigene Biosciences back in 2021. The site largely helps with the production of viral vectors, which have experienced supply constraints among advanced cell and gene therapies for several years. Elsewhere on the personalized medicines front, Charles River last year linked up with South Korea’s Rznomics to develop and crank out viral vectors for its partner’s experimental liver cancer gene therapy RZ-001. RZ-001 marks the first ribozyme-based RNA reprogramming approach to receive FDA authorization for evaluation in humans, the companies said last January.

Phase 3 RESILIENT study of Tonmya met its primary endpoint of daily pain reduction (p=0.00005) and achieved statistically significant improvement on all six key pre-specified secondary endpoints with effect sizes on sleep, fatigue, FIQ-R symptoms and FIQ-R function ranging from 0.3 to 0.5 Cognitive dysfunction, or “brain fog,” nominally improved on FIQ-R memory item (p=0.001) where the patients rated their level of memory problems NDA submission expected in the second half of 2024 following pre-NDA meeting with FDA scheduled for the second quarter of 2024 CHATHAM, N.J., March 11, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. (Nasdaq: TNXP) (Tonix or the Company), a biopharmaceutical company with marketed products and a pipeline of development candidates, today announced the presentation of additional efficacy data from RESILIENT, the second positive Phase 3 study evaluating Tonmya (also known as TNX-102 SL, cyclobenzaprine HCl sublingual tablets) for the management of fibromyalgia, at the 6th International Congress on Controversies in Fibromyalgia in Brussels, Belgium, March 7-8, 2024. In presenting more detailed data from the RESILIENT study, Seth Lederman, M.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Tonix Pharmaceuticals, said, “We previously reported statistically significant and clinically meaningful results in all six key secondary endpoints related to improving sleep quality, reducing fatigue, and improving overall fibromyalgia symptoms and function. We now report that the effect sizes of the five continuous key secondary outcomes measures ranged from 0.3 to 0.5. The results also showed that Tonmya treatment resulted in an improvement in cognitive dysfunction, or ‘brain fog’, measured by the change in the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire-Revised (FIQ-R) memory item. The FIQ-R cognitive item showed nominal improvement in Tonmya-treated patients vs placebo-treated patients with a p=0.001 and effect size of 0.31. Together, we believe the activity of Tonmya on pain, sleep quality, fatigue and brain fog are indicative of broad-spectrum activity of Tonmya and suggest that Tonmya treats fibromyalgia at a syndromal level.” As previously announced, RESILIENT met its pre-specified primary endpoint, significantly reducing daily pain compared to placebo (p=0.00005) in participants with fibromyalgia. RELIEF, the first Phase 3 trial of Tonmya 5.6 mg in fibromyalgia, was completed in December 2020. It also met its pre-specified primary endpoint of daily pain reduction compared to placebo (p=0.010). Tonix plans to submit a New Drug Application (NDA) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the second half of 2024 and has scheduled a pre-NDA meeting with FDA in the second quarter of 2024. Tonmya was not associated with increases in systolic or diastolic blood pressure or body weight, nor were there any reported sexual side effects in the RESILIENT trial. In addition, when systematically investigated using the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire short form (CSFQ-14), women who received study drug had a higher CSFQ-14 total score relative to those who received placebo, which is consistent with improved sexual function. Dr. Gregory Sullivan, Chief Medical Officer of Tonix Pharmaceuticals said, “These are important tolerability factors for fibromyalgia patients on long-term treatment with the three FDA-approved drugs, since weight gain and fatigue are associated with gabapentinoids, and negative sexual side effects, increased blood pressure and insomnia are associated with SNRIs.” Dr. Lederman added, “We believe that the data from our two positive Phase 3 studies, with clinically meaningful separation from placebo on pain, sleep disturbance, and fatigue, supports the conclusion that fibromyalgia may be successfully treated with Tonmya 5.6 mg, and may provide the opportunity for Tonix to launch the first FDA-approved drug for fibromyalgia in more than a decade. We are excited to bring forward a new first-line treatment to fibromyalgia patients that offers broad symptom relief with favorable tolerability attributes for chronic use and adherence, which provides hope for the 6-12 million affected adults in the U.S.” Dr. Sullivan added, “We believe that these broad-spectrum efficacy results will be important to fibromyalgia patients who struggle not only with pain, but also multiple other symptoms. We also believe the favorable tolerability and side effect profiles will be important to patients and doctors managing this debilitating condition on a long-term basis.” About the Phase 3 RESILIENT Study The RESILIENT study is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tonmya (cyclobenzaprine HCl sublingual tablets) in the management of fibromyalgia. The two-arm trial randomized 457 participants in the U.S. across 33 sites. The first two weeks of treatment consist of a run-in period in which participants start on Tonmya 2.8 mg (1 tablet) or placebo. Thereafter, all participants increase their dose to Tonmya 5.6 mg (2 x 2.8 mg tablets) or two placebo tablets for the remaining 12 weeks. The primary endpoint is the daily diary pain severity score change (Tonmya 5.6 mg vs. placebo) from baseline to Week 14 (using the weekly averages of the daily numerical rating scale scores), analyzed by mixed model repeated measures with multiple imputation. The results showed that Tonmya treatment resulted in an improvement in cognitive dysfunction or ‘brain fog’ measured by the change in the FIQ-R memory item. The FIQ-R cognition item showed improvement in Tonmya treated patients vs placebo treated patients (LS mean (SE) difference of −0.8 (0.23); nominal p=0.001; effect size 0.31, no correction for multiple comparisons, mixed model repeated measures analysis). The Cohen’s d effect sizes (ESs) of the five continuous key secondary outcomes measures were: Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire-Revised (FIQ-R) – Symptoms domain ES = 0.44, FIQ-R-Function ES =0.30, PROMIS sleep disturbance ES =0.50, PROMIS Fatigue ES = 0.37 and Daily Sleep quality rating ES = 0.32. The most common adverse events were local administration site reactions that were transient and self-limited. For more information, see ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05273749. About Fibromyalgia Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain disorder that is understood to result from amplified sensory and pain signaling within the central nervous system. Fibromyalgia afflicts an estimated 6 million to 12 million adults in the U.S., the majority of whom are women. Symptoms of fibromyalgia include chronic widespread pain, nonrestorative sleep, fatigue, and morning stiffness. Other associated symptoms include cognitive dysfunction and mood disturbances, including anxiety and depression. Individuals suffering from fibromyalgia struggle with their daily activities, have impaired quality of life, and frequently are disabled. Physicians and patients report common dissatisfaction with currently marketed products. About Tonmya* (also known as TNX-102 SL) Tonmya is a centrally acting, non-opioid, non-addictive, bedtime medication. The tablet is a patented sublingual formulation of cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride developed for the management of fibromyalgia. In December 2023, the company announced highly statistically significant and clinically meaningful topline results in RESILIENT, a second positive Phase 3 clinical trial of Tonmya for the management of fibromyalgia. In the study, Tonmya met its pre-specified primary endpoint, significantly reducing daily pain compared to placebo (p=0.00005) in participants with fibromyalgia. Statistically significant and clinically meaningful results were also seen in all key secondary endpoints related to improving sleep quality, reducing fatigue and improving overall fibromyalgia symptoms and function. RELIEF, the first positive Phase 3 trial of Tonmya in fibromyalgia, was completed in December 2020. It met its pre-specified primary endpoint of daily pain reduction compared to placebo (p=0.010) and showed activity in key secondary endpoints. *Tonmya™ is conditionally accepted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as the tradename for TNX-102 SL for the management of fibromyalgia. Tonmya has not been approved for any indication. Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp.* Tonix is a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing, licensing and commercializing therapeutics to treat and prevent human disease and alleviate suffering. Tonix’s development portfolio is focused on central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Tonix’s priority is to submit a New Drug Application (NDA) to the FDA in the second half of 2024 for Tonmya, a product candidate for which two positive Phase 3 studies have been completed for the management of fibromyalgia. TNX-102 SL is also being developed to treat acute stress reaction as well as fibromyalgia-type Long COVID. Tonix’s CNS portfolio includes TNX-1300 (cocaine esterase) a biologic designed to treat cocaine intoxication with Breakthrough Therapy designation. Tonix’s immunology development portfolio consists of biologics to address organ transplant rejection, autoimmunity and cancer, including TNX-1500, which is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD40-ligand (CD40L or CD154) being developed for the prevention of allograft rejection and for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Tonix also has product candidates in development in the areas of rare disease and infectious disease. Tonix Medicines, our commercial subsidiary, markets Zembrace® SymTouch® (sumatriptan injection) 3 mg and Tosymra® (sumatriptan nasal spray) 10 mg for the treatment of acute migraine with or without aura in adults. *Tonix’s product development candidates are investigational new drugs or biologics and have not been approved for any indication. Zembrace SymTouch and Tosymra are registered trademarks of Tonix Medicines. All other marks are property of their respective owners. This press release and further information about Tonix can be found at www.tonixpharma.com Forward Looking Statements Certain statements in this press release are forward-looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements may be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “forecast,” “estimate,” “expect,” and “intend,” among others. These forward-looking statements are based on Tonix's current expectations and actual results could differ materially. There are a number of factors that could cause actual events to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, risks related to the failure to obtain FDA clearances or approvals and noncompliance with FDA regulations; risks related to the failure to successfully market any of our products; risks related to the timing and progress of clinical development of our product candidates; our need for additional financing; uncertainties of patent protection and litigation; uncertainties of government or third party payor reimbursement; limited research and development efforts and dependence upon third parties; and substantial competition. As with any pharmaceutical under development, there are significant risks in the development, regulatory approval and commercialization of new products. Tonix does not undertake an obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement. Investors should read the risk factors set forth in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 13, 2023, and periodic reports filed with the SEC on or after the date thereof. All of Tonix's forward-looking statements are expressly qualified by all such risk factors and other cautionary statements. The information set forth herein speaks only as of the date thereof. Investor Contact Jessica MorrisTonix Pharmaceuticalsinvestor.relations@tonixpharma.com (862) 904-8182 Peter VozzoICR Westwickepeter.vozzo@westwicke.com (443) 213-0505 Media Contact Ben ShannonICR Westwickeben.shannon@westwicke.com(919) 360-3039

Phase 3 RESILIENT study of Tonmya met its primary endpoint of daily pain reduction (p=0.00005) and achieved statistically significant improvement on all six key pre-specified secondary endpoints with effect sizes on sleep, fatigue, FIQ-R symptoms and FIQ-R function ranging from 0.3 to 0.5 Cognitive dysfunction, or “brain fog,” nominally improved on FIQ-R memory item (p=0.001) where the patients rated their level of memory problems NDA submission expected in the second half of 2024 following pre-NDA meeting with FDA scheduled for the second quarter of 2024 CHATHAM, N.J., March 11, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Tonix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: TNXP) (Tonix or the Company), a biopharmaceutical company with marketed products and a pipeline of development candidates, today announced the presentation of additional efficacy data from RESILIENT, the second positive Phase 3 study evaluating Tonmya (also known as TNX-102 SL, cyclobenzaprine HCl sublingual tablets) for the management of fibromyalgia, at the 6th International Congress on Controversies in Fibromyalgia in Brussels, Belgium, March 7-8, 2024. In presenting more detailed data from the RESILIENT study, Seth Lederman, M.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Tonix Pharmaceuticals, said, “We previously reported statistically significant and clinically meaningful results in all six key secondary endpoints related to improving sleep quality, reducing fatigue, and improving overall fibromyalgia symptoms and function. We now report that the effect sizes of the five continuous key secondary outcomes measures ranged from 0.3 to 0.5. The results also showed that Tonmya treatment resulted in an improvement in cognitive dysfunction, or ‘brain fog’, measured by the change in the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire-Revised (FIQ-R) memory item. The FIQ-R cognitive item showed nominal improvement in Tonmya-treated patients vs placebo-treated patients with a p=0.001 and effect size of 0.31. Together, we believe the activity of Tonmya on pain, sleep quality, fatigue and brain fog are indicative of broad-spectrum activity of Tonmya and suggest that Tonmya treats fibromyalgia at a syndromal level.” As previously announced, RESILIENT met its pre-specified primary endpoint, significantly reducing daily pain compared to placebo (p=0.00005) in participants with fibromyalgia. RELIEF, the first Phase 3 trial of Tonmya 5.6 mg in fibromyalgia, was completed in December 2020. It also met its pre-specified primary endpoint of daily pain reduction compared to placebo (p=0.010). Tonix plans to submit a New Drug Application (NDA) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the second half of 2024 and has scheduled a pre-NDA meeting with FDA in the second quarter of 2024. Tonmya was not associated with increases in systolic or diastolic blood pressure or body weight, nor were there any reported sexual side effects in the RESILIENT trial. In addition, when systematically investigated using the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire short form (CSFQ-14), women who received study drug had a higher CSFQ-14 total score relative to those who received placebo, which is consistent with improved sexual function. Dr. Gregory Sullivan, Chief Medical Officer of Tonix Pharmaceuticals said, “These are important tolerability factors for fibromyalgia patients on long-term treatment with the three FDA-approved drugs, since weight gain and fatigue are associated with gabapentinoids, and negative sexual side effects, increased blood pressure and insomnia are associated with SNRIs.” Dr. Lederman added, “We believe that the data from our two positive Phase 3 studies, with clinically meaningful separation from placebo on pain, sleep disturbance, and fatigue, supports the conclusion that fibromyalgia may be successfully treated with Tonmya 5.6 mg, and may provide the opportunity for Tonix to launch the first FDA-approved drug for fibromyalgia in more than a decade. We are excited to bring forward a new first-line treatment to fibromyalgia patients that offers broad symptom relief with favorable tolerability attributes for chronic use and adherence, which provides hope for the 6-12 million affected adults in the U.S.” Dr. Sullivan added, “We believe that these broad-spectrum efficacy results will be important to fibromyalgia patients who struggle not only with pain, but also multiple other symptoms. We also believe the favorable tolerability and side effect profiles will be important to patients and doctors managing this debilitating condition on a long-term basis.” About the Phase 3 RESILIENT Study The RESILIENT study is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tonmya (cyclobenzaprine HCl sublingual tablets) in the management of fibromyalgia. The two-arm trial randomized 457 participants in the U.S. across 33 sites. The first two weeks of treatment consist of a run-in period in which participants start on Tonmya 2.8 mg (1 tablet) or placebo. Thereafter, all participants increase their dose to Tonmya 5.6 mg (2 x 2.8 mg tablets) or two placebo tablets for the remaining 12 weeks. The primary endpoint is the daily diary pain severity score change (Tonmya 5.6 mg vs. placebo) from baseline to Week 14 (using the weekly averages of the daily numerical rating scale scores), analyzed by mixed model repeated measures with multiple imputation. The results showed that Tonmya treatment resulted in an improvement in cognitive dysfunction or ‘brain fog’ measured by the change in the FIQ-R memory item. The FIQ-R cognition item showed improvement in Tonmya treated patients vs placebo treated patients (LS mean (SE) difference of −0.8 (0.23); nominal p=0.001; effect size 0.31, no correction for multiple comparisons, mixed model repeated measures analysis). The Cohen’s d effect sizes (ESs) of the five continuous key secondary outcomes measures were: Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire-Revised (FIQ-R) – Symptoms domain ES = 0.44, FIQ-R-Function ES =0.30, PROMIS sleep disturbance ES =0.50, PROMIS Fatigue ES = 0.37 and Daily Sleep quality rating ES = 0.32. The most common adverse events were local administration site reactions that were transient and self-limited. For more information, see ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05273749. About Fibromyalgia Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain disorder that is understood to result from amplified sensory and pain signaling within the central nervous system. Fibromyalgia afflicts an estimated 6 million to 12 million adults in the U.S., the majority of whom are women. Symptoms of fibromyalgia include chronic widespread pain, nonrestorative sleep, fatigue, and morning stiffness. Other associated symptoms include cognitive dysfunction and mood disturbances, including anxiety and depression. Individuals suffering from fibromyalgia struggle with their daily activities, have impaired quality of life, and frequently are disabled. Physicians and patients report common dissatisfaction with currently marketed products. About Tonmya* (also known as TNX-102 SL) Tonmya is a centrally acting, non-opioid, non-addictive, bedtime medication. The tablet is a patented sublingual formulation of cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride developed for the management of fibromyalgia. In December 2023, the company announced highly statistically significant and clinically meaningful topline results in RESILIENT, a second positive Phase 3 clinical trial of Tonmya for the management of fibromyalgia. In the study, Tonmya met its pre-specified primary endpoint, significantly reducing daily pain compared to placebo (p=0.00005) in participants with fibromyalgia. Statistically significant and clinically meaningful results were also seen in all key secondary endpoints related to improving sleep quality, reducing fatigue and improving overall fibromyalgia symptoms and function. RELIEF, the first positive Phase 3 trial of Tonmya in fibromyalgia, was completed in December 2020. It met its pre-specified primary endpoint of daily pain reduction compared to placebo (p=0.010) and showed activity in key secondary endpoints. *Tonmya™ is conditionally accepted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as the tradename for TNX-102 SL for the management of fibromyalgia. Tonmya has not been approved for any indication. Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp.* Tonix is a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing, licensing and commercializing therapeutics to treat and prevent human disease and alleviate suffering. Tonix’s development portfolio is focused on central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Tonix’s priority is to submit a New Drug Application (NDA) to the FDA in the second half of 2024 for Tonmya, a product candidate for which two positive Phase 3 studies have been completed for the management of fibromyalgia. TNX-102 SL is also being developed to treat acute stress reaction as well as fibromyalgia-type Long COVID. Tonix’s CNS portfolio includes TNX-1300 (cocaine esterase) a biologic designed to treat cocaine intoxication with Breakthrough Therapy designation. Tonix’s immunology development portfolio consists of biologics to address organ transplant rejection, autoimmunity and cancer, including TNX-1500, which is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD40-ligand (CD40L or CD154) being developed for the prevention of allograft rejection and for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Tonix also has product candidates in development in the areas of rare disease and infectious disease. Tonix Medicines, our commercial subsidiary, markets Zembrace® SymTouch® (sumatriptan injection) 3 mg and Tosymra® (sumatriptan nasal spray) 10 mg for the treatment of acute migraine with or without aura in adults. *Tonix’s product development candidates are investigational new drugs or biologics and have not been approved for any indication. Zembrace SymTouch and Tosymra are registered trademarks of Tonix Medicines. All other marks are property of their respective owners. This press release and further information about Tonix can be found at Forward Looking Statements Certain statements in this press release are forward-looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements may be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “forecast,” “estimate,” “expect,” and “intend,” among others. These forward-looking statements are based on Tonix's current expectations and actual results could differ materially. There are a number of factors that could cause actual events to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, risks related to the failure to obtain FDA clearances or approvals and noncompliance with FDA regulations; risks related to the failure to successfully market any of our products; risks related to the timing and progress of clinical development of our product candidates; our need for additional financing; uncertainties of patent protection and litigation; uncertainties of government or third party payor reimbursement; limited research and development efforts and dependence upon third parties; and substantial competition. As with any pharmaceutical under development, there are significant risks in the development, regulatory approval and commercialization of new products. Tonix does not undertake an obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement. Investors should read the risk factors set forth in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 13, 2023, and periodic reports filed with the SEC on or after the date thereof. All of Tonix's forward-looking statements are expressly qualified by all such risk factors and other cautionary statements. The information set forth herein speaks only as of the date thereof. Investor Contact Jessica Morris Tonix Pharmaceuticals investor.relations@tonixpharma.com (862) 904-8182 Peter Vozzo ICR Westwicke peter.vozzo@westwicke.com (443) 213-0505 Media Contact Ben Shannon ICR Westwicke ben.shannon@westwicke.com (919) 360-3039