Last update 01 Apr 2025

Estradiol

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryEstradiol (E2), a predominant female sex hormone and a member of the estrogen family, is responsible for regulating the menstrual and estrous cycles. It plays a pivotal role in orchestrating the development of female secondary sexual characteristics such as breast growth, widening of the hips, and a characteristic fat distribution pattern, as well as the development and sustenance of female reproductive tissues such as the mammary glands, uterus, and vagina. Apart from these crucial functions, E2 exerts significant effects on various other tissues in the body, including the liver, bone, fat, skin, and the brain. Estradiol activates both subtypes of the estrogen receptor (ERα and ERβ), is considered a potent agonist of these nuclear steroid hormone receptors. The hormone has multiple clinical applications, such as treating menopause symptoms, preventing osteoporosis in menopausal women, and treating low estrogen levels in women with ovarian failure. Moreover, it is also indicated in the treatment of certain types of breast and prostate cancer, which highlights its versatility and clinical significance. Interestingly, E2 is available in a diverse range of forms including oral tablets, topical gels or patches, vaginal creams, and injections, which provide ample options for individuals to choose from, based on their unique and specific requirements, preferences, and medical history.
Drug Type
Small molecule drug
Synonyms
17β-estradiol, 17β-Oestradiol, E2
+ [71]
Target
Action
agonists
Mechanism
ERs agonists(Estrogen receptors agonists)
Originator Organization
Drug Highest PhaseApproved
First Approval Date
United States (22 Dec 1994),
RegulationOrphan Drug (United States)
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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC18H24O2
InChIKeyVOXZDWNPVJITMN-ZBRFXRBCSA-N
CAS Registry50-28-2

External Link

KEGGWikiATCDrug Bank
D00105Estradiol

R&D Status

Approved
10 top approved records.
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Infertility
Japan
11 Mar 2022
Infertility
Japan
11 Mar 2022
Ovarian Stimulations
Japan
11 Mar 2022
Dyspareunia
United States
29 May 2018
Oestrogen deficiency
Japan
21 Sep 2007
Female Urogenital Diseases
Japan
01 Oct 1999
Hot Flashes
Japan
01 Oct 1999
Hypogonadism
Japan
01 Oct 1999
Atrophic Vaginitis
United States
26 Mar 1999
Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal
United States
20 Dec 1996
Urogenital Diseases
United States
26 Apr 1996
Hypoestrogenism
United States
22 Dec 1994
Hypoestrogenism
United States
22 Dec 1994
Uterine Hemorrhage
United States
22 Dec 1994
Uterine Hemorrhage
United States
22 Dec 1994
Vulvovaginal atrophy
United States
22 Dec 1994
Vulvovaginal atrophy
United States
22 Dec 1994
Vasomotor symptom
United States
22 Dec 1994
Vasomotor symptom
United States
22 Dec 1994
Developing
10 top R&D records.
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IndicationHighest PhaseCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Postmenopausal atrophic vaginitisPhase 3
United States
01 Mar 2005
Postmenopausal atrophic vaginitisPhase 3
Canada
01 Mar 2005
Menopausal symptomsPhase 3
Austria
28 May 2004
Menopausal symptomsPhase 3
Belgium
28 May 2004
Menopausal symptomsPhase 3
Denmark
28 May 2004
Menopausal symptomsPhase 3
Finland
28 May 2004
Menopausal symptomsPhase 3
France
28 May 2004
Menopausal symptomsPhase 3
Germany
28 May 2004
Menopausal symptomsPhase 3
Norway
28 May 2004
Menopausal symptomsPhase 3
Sweden
28 May 2004
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
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Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Phase 2
29
(17Beta Estradiol, Progesterone)
yauqmdblft(atyzeboklm) = ehnxnacbue dvbiiojhqe (nfxgnrkzsi, 0.52)
-
25 Mar 2025
Placebo Pill
(Transdermal Placebo Patch, Placebo Pill)
yauqmdblft(atyzeboklm) = tyoecryxfs dvbiiojhqe (nfxgnrkzsi, 0.64)
Not Applicable
-
(GDX+ES)
voqkuwwhlg(pmjtqsuvim) = nydmtetlau fjeyhilqaz (ilxwqalfta )
-
07 Oct 2024
(GDX+V)
voqkuwwhlg(pmjtqsuvim) = dhupxaszjq fjeyhilqaz (ilxwqalfta )
Not Applicable
-
-
(CRP levels)
rfmdiecufv(gspxeqbnwv) = otqeqwpsqr pgmluqrzkj (omcpainlcb, 4.46)
-
07 Oct 2024
Not Applicable
Estrogen Receptors (ER) | Progesterone Receptors (PR) | Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (HER2)
-
(Stressed MDA-MB-231 cells)
xhkvtxkcvn(jtcrnrblww) = wpqkglrmok vtlhcfsoaq (yvaarewmri )
-
01 Jun 2024
(MDA-MB-231 cells conditionally expressing AIPB)
xhkvtxkcvn(jtcrnrblww) = lxblolmdhs vtlhcfsoaq (yvaarewmri )
Not Applicable
Protein S
27
Standard Combined Oral (CO)
ljjahbtccm(xkeiljjyad) = nhuraaczqe bskqmwlxvz (ezwkwkfeyw )
Positive
01 Jun 2024
Sublingual Estradiol (SLE)
ljjahbtccm(xkeiljjyad) = jimkjxvmby bskqmwlxvz (ezwkwkfeyw )
Not Applicable
serum testosterone | estrone | sex hormone binding globulin
45
pqgugxtvru(sznzamcyws) = There was one transient local reaction in the SC group wnoghjdgxk (kzyvhhdaqp )
-
01 Jun 2024
Not Applicable
testosterone | estradiol | estrone
-
Transdermal 17-beta estradiol
xaxlmuufek(iktdvzreny): mean difference = -225.3 (95% CI, -28.8 to -421.7)
Positive
01 Jun 2024
Once-daily sublingual 17-beta estradiol
Not Applicable
-
10
Estrogen Monotherapy
ukupfrbcav(dhelqctxgo) = iytofdekko vyawuabbah (nyeqjdntjw )
-
01 Jun 2024
Not Applicable
-
Sublingual Estradiol 2 mg once daily
qahomcbwds(lbnmqxybvz) = idslxavhol xgucjhmhga (livwlkppih )
-
01 Jun 2024
Not Applicable
serum testosterone | estrone | sex hormone binding globulin
45
mdfcmqhhcu(lbofkvqafs) = There was one transient local reaction in the SC group jtlqosfnin (nxbcqrbsvu )
-
01 Jun 2024
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