Investigating the effect of citicoline administration on cognitive impairment, social interactions, and speech status in autistic children at pre-school and post-school ages

Start Date23 Jul 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Semnan University of Medical Sciences

IRCT20171116037503N3

/ SuspendedPhase 3

Evaluating the effect of Citicoline on development of preterm infants with intraventricular hemorrhage admitted in neonatal intensive care units

Start Date22 Oct 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator

Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

100 Clinical Results associated with Citicoline

100 Translational Medicine associated with Citicoline

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Citicoline

1,527

Literatures (Medical) associated with Citicoline

01 Jan 2026·JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA

Citicoline–Amantadine Trial in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Randomized Study

Article

Author: Fathy, Mai ; Badre, Dina Salah Eldin Mahmoud ; Elbeialy, Marwa Ahmed Khairy

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health problem. Amantadine and citicoline showed considerable effects on neurorecovery from TBI. In a randomized controlled trial, the effects of amantadine and citicoline and their combinations were compared on arousal and behavioral consequences in the early phase of moderate TBI. Patients were divided into three groups (15 patients each) with moderate TBI; group C (citicoline) received 1 g citicoline every 12 h for 7 days. Participants received 500 mg oral drops syrup twice a day or the same dose as oral drops syrup of citicoline through a nasogastric tube (NG) or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube in a total dose of 1000 mg/day for a 30-day study period. Group A (amantadine) received 200 mg of amantadine sulfate in a 500 mL solution every 12 h for 7 days. Participants received two 100-mg tablets twice a day or through an NG or PEG tube as 400 mg for a 30-day study period. Group CA (Citicoline + Amantadine) received 1 g citicoline every 12 h and 200 mg of amantadine sulfate in a 500 mL solution every 12 h for 7 days, then 500 mg of citicoline syrup twice daily plus 200 tablets twice daily amantadine for a 30-day study period. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Disability Rating Scale (DRS), and mini-mental state (MMS) were used to assess the patient’s conditions on the 1st, 4th, and 7th days (acute phase) in the intensive care unit (ICU), then 30 days after injury. The endpoints of the study were either the death of the patient or the completion of the study period of 30 days. The number of mechanically ventilated patients, the number of ventilated days, mortality, total ICU, and hospital length of stay were measured. GCS on days 4, 7, and 30 were significantly higher in group A and group CA compared with group C, with no significant differences between groups A and CA. DRS in days 4 and 7 became significantly lower in groups A and CA compared with group C, with no significant differences between groups A and CA. MMS in days 4, 7, and 30 became significantly lower in group C, with no significant differences between groups A and CA. The duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU, and hospital stay was significantly longer in group C, with no significant differences between groups A and CA. This study showed that amantadine alone or in combination with citicoline has a favorable effect on the recovery of consciousness and cognitive behavior in patients with moderate TBI and reduces the mechanical ventilation days, hospital, and ICU length of stay.

01 Jan 2026·METABOLIC ENGINEERING

Systematic rewiring of Bacillus subtilis for efficient de novo biosynthesis of the neuroprotectant cytidine-5′-diphosphocholine

Article

Author: Feng, Xu ; Gao, Xiuzhen ; Ma, Qinyuan ; Wang, Yanshuang ; Wei, Hao ; Yang, Shaomei ; Fu, Shouying

Cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) is a crucial neuroprotective agent. Current industrial production relies on chemical and enzymatic methods that face inherent sustainability challenges and share a dependence on the costly precursor, cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Here, we report the systems metabolic engineering of Bacillus subtilis for the efficient, de novo biosynthesis of CDP-choline from glucose, completely obviating the need for CMP. A synthetic pathway was first established by introducing heterologous choline kinase and phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase. Subsequently, a multi-module engineering strategy was implemented, focusing on enhancing precursor supply and redirecting carbon metabolism. This involved systematically optimizing choline uptake by overexpressing the transporter OpuD and deleting the transcriptional repressor opcR, fortifying the cytidine triphosphate (CTP) pool by overexpressing feedback-resistant CTP synthase gene pyrG^E156K, and deleting the transcriptional repressor pyrR along with other pyrimidine nucleotide consumption genes, and channeling carbon flux towards the TCA cycle by reducing pyruvate and malate consumption. The final engineered strain achieved a titer of 4.79 ± 0.24 g/L CDP-choline in a 5 L fed-batch bioreactor, with a high specific yield of 149.0 ± 5.8 mg/g DCW. Notably, the process exhibited a highly advantageous intracellular accumulation of 92.7 %, which simplifies downstream purification. This study represents the first successful demonstration of CDP-choline production from simple sugars in a microbial host, establishing a robust and economically competitive platform for its industrial manufacture.

01 Dec 2025·Cell Reports

SLC44A1 deficiency impedes myelin development in the central nervous system

Article

Author: Chen, Qiang ; Li, Zhenghao ; Liu, Peng ; Qiu, Mengsheng ; Su, Zhida ; He, Cheng ; Chen, Xiang ; Shao, Qi ; Zhou, Wenhao ; Huang, Hao

The axon-wrapping myelin sheath is essential for CNS function. Myelination defects occur in various neurodevelopmental disorders, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Human solute carrier 44A1 (SLC44A1) deficiency causes a new type of childhood-onset neurodegeneration with cerebellar atrophy and leukoencephalopathy that lacks effective treatment. Here, we show that SLC44A1 is enriched in oligodendrocytes and is required for myelin development in the CNS of zebrafish and rodents. In vivo time-lapse imaging of Slc44a1b-deficient zebrafish reveals impaired oligodendroglial maturation and myelinogenesis. Mechanistically, SLC44A1 deficiency disrupts the expression of genes involved in the phosphatidylcholine production pathway and subsequently inhibits phospholipid biosynthesis and disturbs the lipid composition of myelin sheaths. More importantly, supplementation with citicoline, a natural choline metabolite, restores developmental myelination in SLC44A1-deficient animals. Our findings demonstrate that SLC44A1 is essential for CNS myelination, and citicoline supplementation represents a potential therapy for developmental hypomyelination.

News (Medical) associated with Citicoline

18 Feb 2026

·www.prnewswire.com

Kyowa Hakko Clarifies Glutathione Misconceptions with Science-Backed Insights on Quality and Efficacy of its Industry-Leading Setria® Brand

Setria® Glutathione - the 20-year, worldwide trusted standard: human clinical research on oral uptake gets it noticed, and brand equity keeps it chosen NEW YORK, Feb. 18, 2026 /PRNewswire/ -- As glutathione gains visibility in health and wellness, questions have followed about quality, substantiation, and whether oral glutathione can meaningfully impact glutathione inside the body's cells. Kyowa Hakko Bio, producer of Setria® Glutathione, provides guidance to dispel myths, emphasize evidence-based benefits, and set the standard for this "master antioxidant." Continue Reading Setria Logo Setria® was introduced nearly two decades ago to bring verified quality and documentation to a category that often varies widely in purity and substantiation. Glutathione plays a vital role in cellular defense, detoxification, and immune support. It's now mainstream, but market growth has led to variability, ranging from high-quality, clinically studied forms to unverified products with exaggerated claims. Meanwhile, NHANES (the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) data suggest that much of the population is deficient in glutathione, likely due to modern diets that often lack glutathione-rich foods, making it more important than ever to address this widespread deficiency and support optimal health with Setria® Glutathione. "The key isn't if glutathione matters, but whether oral forms can deliver real results," said Katie Emerson, MS, RD, Senior Manager of Scientific Affairs at Kyowa Hakko USA. "The Richie et al. study provides the first direct evidence that orally administered glutathione is absorbed into the systemic circulation, helping to address longstanding skepticism regarding the bioavailability of oral glutathione." Setria® glutathione stands out with unmatched clinical backing. A six-month Penn State study, published in the European Journal of Nutrition, showed that daily doses of 250 mg or 1,000 mg increased glutathione levels by 30-35% in blood cells and 260% in buccal cells, with functional benefits including a doubling of natural killer cell activity. Setria goes beyond basic antioxidant support. Research shows it supports skin health, with a 12-week study demonstrating reductions in melanin. In sports nutrition, studies indicate that when combined with L-citrulline, Setria helps increase nitric oxide to support performance, as reviewed in the Journal of Exercise and Nutrition. These benefits align with permitted structure/function claims related to cellular and mitochondrial health, antioxidant defense, immune support, skin health, liver health, gut health, respiratory health, and nitric oxide function. Manufactured via a proprietary fermentation process, Setria® meets USP standards, is GMP-compliant, and is IGEN-certified, ensuring purity amid the risks posed by low-cost alternatives. While endogenous glutathione production through diet and lifestyle is primary, supplementation can aid when levels dip due to age or stress. "Supplementation complements, not replaces, foundational health practices," Emerson said. "Its results are supported by human clinical data and produced to consistent quality standards that partners have trusted for nearly two decades." Setria® Glutathione is a globally market-ready dietary ingredient, with broad acceptance for use in supplement formulations across key regions. It can be sold as a dietary ingredient in the United States, Canada, Mexico, and Brazil, as well as throughout Europe, Southeast Asia, Australia, and New Zealand—making it an ideal option for brands looking to support consistent product positioning and international expansion. In Brazil, Setria® stands apart as the only source of glutathione approved by ANVISA (the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency). As regulations tighten, stakeholders must prioritize substantiated claims. Kyowa Hakko promotes evidence-based choices to foster trust in glutathione's potential for immune, skin, and overall aging support. — Setria® — About Setria: Setria® Glutathione, manufactured by Kyowa Hakko Bio Co., Ltd., is a clinically studied and patented form of glutathione that, when taken orally, has been shown to replenish the body's reserves, which may be depleted as a result of poor lifestyle choices, stress, or natural aging. Called the "master antioxidant," glutathione helps protect cells in the body from the damaging effects of oxidative stress and toxins. Setria® Glutathione is manufactured through a patented fermentation process to yield high purity and high quality, is non-GMO, vegetarian, and allergen-free. For more information, visit . About Kyowa Hakko USA: Kyowa Hakko USA is the North & South American office of Kyowa Hakko Bio Co., Ltd., an international health ingredients manufacturer and world leader in the development, manufacturing, and marketing of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and food & beverage products. Kyowa is the maker of branded ingredients, including Cognizin®, Eyemuse® Lacticaseibacillus paracasei KW3110, Citicoline, Pantesin® Pantethine, Setria® Glutathione, as well as L-Alanyl-L-Glutamine. For more information, visit . SOURCE Kyowa Hakko U.S.A 21% more press release views with Request a Demo

Drug ApprovalClinical Result

22 Jan 2026

·www.prnewswire.com

COGNIZIN® CITICOLINE NAMED "FUNCTIONAL INGREDIENT TO WATCH IN 2026" BY MINTEL & BLACK SWAN DATA, SHOWCASING ITS EXPLOSIVE GROWTH IN THE BRAIN HEALTH CATEGORY

Independent recognition underscores Cognizin®'s role as a science‑backed leader in cognitive performance NEW YORK, Jan. 22, 2026 /PRNewswire/ -- Kyowa Hakko USA today announced that Cognizin® (citicoline), the branded form of citicoline manufactured by Kyowa Hakko Bio Co., has been recognized as a leading "Functional Ingredient to Watch in 2026" by global market intelligence firm Mintel and consumer analytics leader Black Swan Data. This third‑party validation highlights Cognizin®'s position at the center of the rapidly growing brain health and mental performance market. Continue Reading Cognizin Logo According to the Mintel/Black Swan analysis, 65% of global product launches featuring Cognizin® include a brain or nervous system benefit, signaling strong and accelerating demand for evidence‑based cognitive support. Cognizin® now appears across a wide range of formats, from gummies and lollipops to energy drinks and advanced supplements, making it one of the most versatile and exciting ingredients in the field of functional nutrition today. "Being named an ingredient to watch in 2026 is more than a nice headline; it confirms what formulators and consumers are already telling us," said Katie Emerson, MS, RD, Senior Manager, Scientific Affairs at Kyowa Hakko USA. "Cognizin® isn't just another nootropic on a crowded shelf. It is a clinically researched, rigorously manufactured ingredient that brands are building entire product stories around. This recognition validates years of investment in science and quality and marks the beginning of Cognizin®'s mainstream breakout." Data behind the recognition The Mintel/Black Swan work highlights several key trends shaping Cognizin®'s trajectory: Strong brain‑health focus: 65% of global Cognizin® launches carry a brain or nervous system claim, making cognitive support the dominant positioning for the ingredient. Growing geographic footprint: Most launches are currently concentrated in North America (49%) and Europe (34%), indicating both strong adoption and substantial opportunities for growth in other regions. Diverse product formats: Cognizin® primarily appears in nutrition drinks (36%), energy drinks (32%), and supplements (23%), as well as emerging formats such as functional confections and beauty-from-within products. Recent launches featuring Cognizin® include science-backed products, such as Qunol, BUM Energy, MOSH, and Magic Mind, which showcase how brands use Cognizin® to deliver benefits in everyday settings. "Seeing Cognizin® across a wide range of formats underscores its versatility and impact," Emerson added. "It tells us cognitive support is no longer niche but has become a baseline expectation." Why Cognizin® stands out in a crowded nootropics landscape Cognizin® is a branded form of citicoline, a nutrient that supports the production of phosphatidylcholine, a key component of brain cell membranes and a critical player in brain cell energy. Unlike many generic nootropics, Cognizin® is backed by a substantial research portfolio. Key differentiators include: Clinical evidence: Studies have demonstrated that citicoline can support attention, memory, and cognitive performance, including MRI-based research that shows changes in brain activity. Brain energy support studies indicate citicoline can increase brain ATP (cellular energy) by approximately 13%, directly supporting mental energy and focus. Non-stimulant profile: Cognizin® delivers cognitive benefits without relying on caffeine or harsh stimulants, making it an attractive option for consumers. Quality and consistency: Produced by Kyowa Hakko using proprietary fermentation technology and strict quality controls, Cognizin® offers consistent purity and traceability for brands and consumers. "In an era where consumers are increasingly skeptical of vague 'brain boosting' claims, Cognizin®'s science‑first story matters," Emerson said. "Brands want ingredients that can stand up to evaluation from highly informed shoppers, and Cognizin does exactly that." The recognition also comes at a moment when mental performance and burnout are front‑page topics. Recent workplace and health research shows that employees and consumers are struggling with focus, attention, and mental fatigue. "2026 is shaping up to be the year people stop accepting mediocre process and scattered thoughts as the new normal," Emerson said. "They are looking for practical, daily tools that help them show up sharp—at work, in the gym, and at home. Cognizin® gives formulators a scientifically grounded way to build those solutions." Supporting innovator brands worldwide The "Functional Ingredient to Watch in 2026" designation is already inspiring new collaborations and product concepts across beverages, supplements, and functional foods. Kyowa Hakko USA is expanding its support for partners through: Formulation guidance for beverages, powders, gummies, and novel formats Science‑based marketing assets translating complex research into clear consumer language Co‑marketing opportunities spotlighting brands that formulate with Cognizin® Education initiatives for healthcare professionals, retailers, and formulators "Some of the most exciting innovations we're seeing right now are coming from brands that understand that cognitive performance is the new energy," Emerson said. "Those brands are choosing Cognizin® because they want their products to be future‑proof and aligned with where the market is going, not where it's been." — Cognizin® — About Kyowa Hakko USA Kyowa Hakko USA is a subsidiary of Kyowa Hakko Bio Co., Ltd., a global biotechnology company with over 75 years of expertise in fermentation, purification, and modification of bioactive substances. Kyowa Hakko Bio is dedicated to improving the health and well-being of people worldwide by creating innovative solutions with science and nature. With cutting-edge research capabilities, Kyowa Hakko Bio is committed to developing unique ingredients supported by scientific evidence. For more information, visit kyowa-usa.com. About Cognizin® Cognizin® Citicoline, manufactured by Kyowa Hakko Bio Co., Ltd., is a clinically studied and branded form of citicoline, a natural substance made endogenously in the body and especially vital to brain health. Citicoline is a potent brain-health nutrient. A proprietary form of citicoline, Cognizin® has been clinically studied to support mental energy, focus, and attention. Cognizin® is manufactured through a fermentation process to yield high quality and high purity. Cognizin® is also highly stable, GRAS, ultra-pure, and allergen-free. Cognizin® can be sold as a dietary ingredient for supplements, foods, and beverages in the United States and is approved as a novel food ingredient in the EU for food supplements. For more information on Cognizin®, visit Cognizin.com. SOURCE Kyowa Hakko U.S.A 21% more press release views with Request a Demo

07 Jul 2025

·www.prnewswire.com

Mind Lab Pro®'s Cognitive Benefits Confirmed in a UK Human Trial

ORLANDO, Fla., July 7, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- Mind Lab Pro® v4.0, developed by Performance Lab® Group, has again been scientifically confirmed to produce excellent results. A peer-reviewed study published in Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental has confirmed that Mind Lab Pro® v4.0 significantly enhances memory and overall cognitive performance in healthy adults. Conducted at the University of Leeds by Carlie Abbott-Imboden, Yadira Gonzalez, and Andrea Utley and released in May 2023, the double-blind, placebo-controlled trial marks the second independent human study to validate the supplement's effectiveness. The research, involving 49 participants over a 30-day period, found substantial improvements in key areas of brain function, reinforcing Mind Lab Pro®'s reputation as the most scientifically backed natural nootropic on the market today. "What we found was that people who had been taking Mind Lab Pro were much better at dealing with the context where there was more than one stimulus which they'd got to respond to. I think it makes the product legitimate. I think it makes it more robust. And for me, I think it gives confidence that the company is interested in excellence". – Dr Andrea Utley BA (Hons), PGCE, PhD. Reader in Motor Control and Development, University of Leeds. Second Major Study Confirms Breakthrough in Natural Cognitive Enhancement Building on the results of a previous clinical trial, this second study employed the Wechsler Memory Scale – Fourth Edition (WMS–IV UK) to assess a range of cognitive domains. Over four weeks, participants who took Mind Lab Pro® demonstrated statistically significant improvements in all five measured memory categories: auditory memory, visual memory, visual working memory, immediate recall, and delayed recall. In contrast, the placebo group showed significant gains in only two areas—auditory memory and immediate recall. The most notable results were observed in immediate and delayed recall, where the Mind Lab Pro® group outperformed the placebo group with p-values of 0.005 and 0.034, respectively, indicating a strong and reliable effect. Backed by Brains: Mind Lab Pro® Passes Rigorous Psychopharmacological Testing The trial followed psychopharmacological best practices, using objective, standardized testing tools to measure cognitive change over time. The inclusion of the Wechsler Memory Scale – Fourth Edition (WMS-IV UK), widely regarded as a benchmark in cognitive assessment, underscores the scientific rigor behind the findings. Mind Lab Pro Doubles Down on Science With peer-reviewed data now showing consistent cognitive enhancement across two independent trials, Mind Lab Pro® has earned a place among the few nootropic supplements that can truly claim to be clinically tested and proven to work. "Mind Lab Pro® gives everyone a pathway to increasing the potential of reaching brain optimization and supporting cognitive health." – Dr Paul Nussbaum Clinical Neuropsychologist Read the study and learn more! About Mind Lab Pro® Mind Lab Pro® is a pioneer in brain health, offering the world's first universal nootropic designed to boost mental performance for everyone. Their 100% natural, caffeine-free formula features 11 carefully selected ingredients, including Citicoline and Lion's Mane Mushroom, all ethically sourced and delivered in plant-based capsules. The products are backed by rigorous clinical trials conducted by the University of Leeds, enhancing focus, memory, mood, and decision-making within just one month. Mind Lab Pro is dedicated to helping people reach their mental best with clean and effective solutions. Company Website: Credit If you want to use this release, please add credit with a link to the Mind Lab Pro website based on your publication's region. - USA - UK - Europe - Australia - Canada Otherwise, please choose (). SOURCE Mind Lab Pro® WANT YOUR COMPANY'S NEWS FEATURED ON PRNEWSWIRE.COM? 440k+ Newsrooms & Influencers 9k+ Digital Media Outlets 270k+ Journalists Opted In GET STARTED

100 Deals associated with Citicoline

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00057	Citicoline	N06BX06	DB12153

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Pancreatitis	Japan	T’s Pharma Co., Ltd.	15 Nov 1983
Pancreatitis	Japan	Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	15 Nov 1983
Consciousness Disorders	Japan	T’s Pharma Co., Ltd.	01 Sep 1981
Consciousness Disorders	Japan	Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	01 Sep 1981
Parkinson Disease	Japan	T’s Pharma Co., Ltd.	10 Feb 1976
Parkinson Disease	Japan	Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	10 Feb 1976

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Acute Ischemic Stroke	Phase 3	Germany	Ferrer Internacional SA	01 Oct 2006
Acute Ischemic Stroke	Phase 3	Portugal	Ferrer Internacional SA	01 Oct 2006
Acute Ischemic Stroke	Phase 3	Spain	Ferrer Internacional SA	01 Oct 2006
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery	Phase 3	Germany	Ferrer Internacional SA	01 Oct 2006
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery	Phase 3	Portugal	Ferrer Internacional SA	01 Oct 2006
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery	Phase 3	Spain	Ferrer Internacional SA	01 Oct 2006

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT02582905 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Bipolar Disorder \| Alcohol Use Disorder \| Bipolar II disorder ... View more	96	Placebo (Placebo)	tszmmwkwko(evqvidiqqv) = aickzktxmk aqwsxpmjrh (sgtzthbnys, 4.68) View more	-	09 Oct 2024
				Citicoline (Citicoline)	tszmmwkwko(evqvidiqqv) = jjukoixqfw aqwsxpmjrh (sgtzthbnys, 3.84) View more
NCT01502813 (CTgov)	Not Applicable	Cognition	40	Omega-3 Fatty Acids+Creatine+Citicoline	mhjrokzqwk(dveyzsgfcy) = wnjewddupp bspdonvqyj (xjqgptqucb, rlsflplzvt - ctkvpinmsm) View more	-	22 Apr 2021
NCT02074735 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Alcoholism	62	Placebo (Placebo)	zzyvbvhuew(buumwlfsdc) = ocgshsgezs xxceuietcf (jklrcgwtso, 0.30) View more	-	24 Jul 2018
				Citicoline (Citicoline)	zzyvbvhuew(buumwlfsdc) = ypyfljqvhg xxceuietcf (jklrcgwtso, 0.38) View more
NCT00619723 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Cocaine-Related Disorders \| Bipolar I disorder	130	Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)+Citicoline (Citicoline)	unbkueoxmt = ucqkebsxqg idjvjdinmz (glndigfbml, mlmlqstaof - twsofekyau) View more	-	24 Jan 2018
				Placebo (Placebo)	unbkueoxmt = suivolspms idjvjdinmz (glndigfbml, gnwtktrunu - fvcttlsobh) View more
NCT00950352 (CTgov)	Phase 3	Methamphetamine dependence	104	Citicoline (Citicoline)	ohzbqrovfh(eqetseehep) = vuvgtqujaw byfjfgtmch (ycmnjogriz, 0.16498) View more	-	11 Feb 2015
				Placebo (Placebo)	ohzbqrovfh(eqetseehep) = mxhilqthsl byfjfgtmch (ycmnjogriz, 0.34547) View more
NCT00158249 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Marijuana Abuse	21	placebo (Placebo)	fypaofmlsi(trbikrooox) = njgwdpqidx oraezudhzk (mlsongdxex, .71) View more	-	22 Oct 2014
				citicoline (Citicoline)	fypaofmlsi(trbikrooox) = cwscinomoy oraezudhzk (mlsongdxex, 1.1) View more
NCT00223236 (CTgov)	Phase 3	Cocaine-Related Disorders \| Mania	44	Citicoline (Citicoline)	kjmiwhvrwy = wwwypxyunx jcgjizjhzi (yvsgruducb, nhatvomjta - lzknfxrzgd) View more	-	11 Aug 2014
				Placebo (Placebo)	kjmiwhvrwy = dgidkqcwkb jcgjizjhzi (yvsgruducb, miqirwdbgg - paoutmaape) View more
NCT00377299 (CTgov)	Not Applicable	Bipolar Disorder \| Depressive Disorder, Major \| Stimulant abuse ... View more	60	Citicoline (Citicoline)	qvmqkmhvzg(ctvrwzpopw) = ztgonuqmdk wuzjdkvtjm (xtywzpdsxk, 2.5) View more	-	08 Aug 2013
				Placebo (Placebo)	qvmqkmhvzg(ctvrwzpopw) = obbokymhqu wuzjdkvtjm (xtywzpdsxk, 3.0) View more
NCT00545662 (COBRIT, CTgov)	Phase 3	Brain Injuries, Traumatic	1,213	placebo (Control)	iajerlqjyv = dhkkjnefpk xmqtmkknow (owotyjbkav, rkitymlyeq - gzaxpivffb) View more	-	19 Dec 2012
				citicoline (Treatment)	iajerlqjyv = qijvjepwxc xmqtmkknow (owotyjbkav, nnyfznliir - dotxwowdtr) View more

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