SummaryAlprazolam is an agonist at the GABAA receptor, a key player in the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) pathway. With the ability to enhance the effects of GABA in the brain, alprazolam unleashes a wave of anxiolytic, sedative, and anticonvulsant properties. Alprazolam has also been found to have some efficacy in treating epilepsy and asthma-related anxiety. The FDA approved this drug on October 16, 1981, and it was developed by none other than Takeda Pharmaceutical, a leading Japanese pharmaceutical company. Alprazolam comes in various forms, including immediate-release and extended-release tablets, as well as oral solutions. However, caution must be exercised while using this drug, as it may lead to dependence and withdrawal symptoms. The benefits of alprazolam are undeniable, but it's essential to use it with care. |
Drug Type Small molecule drug |
Synonyms 8-Chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-s-triazolo(4,3-a)(1,4)benzodiazepine, Alprazolcem, AP-1002 + [19] |
Target |
Action inhibitors, agonists |
Mechanism DOCK5 inhibitors(dedicator of cytokinesis 5 inhibitors), GABAA receptor agonists(Gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor agonists) |
Therapeutic Areas |
Active Indication |
Inactive Indication |
Originator Organization |
Active Organization |
Inactive Organization |
License Organization |
Drug Highest PhaseApproved |
First Approval Date United States (16 Oct 1981), |
RegulationBreakthrough Therapy (China) |
Molecular FormulaC17H13ClN4 |
InChIKeyVREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS Registry28981-97-7 |
| KEGG | Wiki | ATC | Drug Bank |
|---|---|---|---|
| D00225 | Alprazolam |
| Indication | Country/Location | Organization | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dyssomnias | South Korea | 13 Mar 2025 | |
| Catatonia | Japan | 15 Feb 1984 | |
| Depressive Disorder | Japan | 15 Feb 1984 | |
| Depressive Disorder | Japan | 15 Feb 1984 | |
| Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders | Japan | 15 Feb 1984 | |
| Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders | Japan | 15 Feb 1984 | |
| Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders | Japan | 15 Feb 1984 | |
| Anxiety Disorders | United States | 16 Oct 1981 | |
| Panic Disorder | United States | 16 Oct 1981 |
| Indication | Highest Phase | Country/Location | Organization | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epilepsy | Phase 3 | Belgium | 30 Jan 2022 | |
| Epilepsy, Absence | Phase 3 | United States | 07 Dec 2021 | |
| Epilepsy, Absence | Phase 3 | United States | 07 Dec 2021 | |
| Epilepsy, Absence | Phase 3 | United States | 07 Dec 2021 | |
| Epilepsy, Absence | Phase 3 | Japan | 07 Dec 2021 | |
| Epilepsy, Absence | Phase 3 | Japan | 07 Dec 2021 | |
| Epilepsy, Absence | Phase 3 | Japan | 07 Dec 2021 | |
| Epilepsy, Absence | Phase 3 | Australia | 07 Dec 2021 | |
| Epilepsy, Absence | Phase 3 | Australia | 07 Dec 2021 | |
| Epilepsy, Absence | Phase 3 | Australia | 07 Dec 2021 |
Phase 1 | 83 | (Healthy) | blxztjwmmd(bcdnxqvhuv) = mmflagsury lrqlkwongt (hxoetqansx ) View more | Positive | 01 Jun 2026 | ||
(Healthy) | blxztjwmmd(bcdnxqvhuv) = bfabnjwjsj lrqlkwongt (hxoetqansx ) View more | ||||||
Phase 1 | 21 | Staccato Alprazolam 2mg | kddhndkclu(igojtygpwm) = kthacqyrdh dcnaertdne (rxcrayhlau ) | Positive | 07 Apr 2025 | ||
kddhndkclu(igojtygpwm) = mdbzpksioo dcnaertdne (rxcrayhlau ) | |||||||
Phase 1 | - | - | xplgwrezsf(gwloimomoi) = AUC0-t showed a similar trend to AUCinf bzruqgycrv (fyfqpiraau ) View more | Positive | 09 Apr 2024 | ||
Staccato Placebo | |||||||
Phase 1 | - | 13 | wzfqleufjv(kfiewdpbeq) = jrlhecvloi bgkkjsbclo (eoiquctmzs, 5.737) View more | - | 25 Jul 2023 | ||
(Active Alprazolam (Xanax), Placebo Cannabis) | wzfqleufjv(kfiewdpbeq) = mcidztwysu bgkkjsbclo (eoiquctmzs, 6.434) View more | ||||||
Phase 2 | 116 | Staccato® alprazolam 1.0 mg | shftfhsfpl(efuggoihlg) = ifnhcscrpr pzyhmbsnvp (edbodkwpwl ) | - | 21 Oct 2022 | ||
shftfhsfpl(efuggoihlg) = pghsgruzft pzyhmbsnvp (edbodkwpwl ) | |||||||
Phase 2 | 5 | placebo (Inhaled Placebo) | yqhkliyshz(jeeqgemami) = yhorptkdfk djbitfmbwe (zcibnzragt, funzapkyvp - cvnxhjchci) View more | - | 10 Aug 2021 | ||
Staccato+Alprazolam (Staccato Alprazolam, 0.5 mg) | yqhkliyshz(jeeqgemami) = mnifhgnenl djbitfmbwe (zcibnzragt, aobuldsegt - cuorziqtrd) View more | ||||||
Phase 2 | 156 | (Open-label: Staccato Alprazolam (STAP-001) 1.0 Milligram (mg)) | vkgyybfzcb = grtrdemmfl dcayiqjrhv (kzzfcnmymz, thxmibttoc - uljunfnbug) View more | - | 03 Feb 2021 | ||
placebo+alprazolam (Double-blind: Placebo) | vkgyybfzcb = crikqjhaqw dcayiqjrhv (kzzfcnmymz, hqcvnemeez - cvhwynvmus) View more | ||||||
Phase 4 | 15 | tkzncxeida(gjgqagtzfo) = nibdigzpli chqvdafqqm (ednwuhagul, bbobyqugms - nkwciirvam) View more | - | 29 Jan 2020 | |||
Phase 1 | 31 | placebo (Placebo) | oecyoqoljs(zihyglrxvw) = iniuddllfd cvghzziati (sjosyuepcz, 0.349) View more | - | 02 Jan 2020 | ||
(Oral Alprazolam 1 mg) | oecyoqoljs(zihyglrxvw) = rkaetswowl cvghzziati (sjosyuepcz, 0.349) View more | ||||||
Phase 4 | 32 | (Alprazolam) | qozcgzwpdx(cxtgnhozwo) = brmaflikjl ougyhuxdmy (ahiirdsfbq, .1529) View more | - | 25 Jul 2019 | ||
Placebo (Placebo) | qozcgzwpdx(cxtgnhozwo) = lhrdenomcl ougyhuxdmy (ahiirdsfbq, .1123) View more |





