Last update 21 Nov 2024

Metronidazole

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryMetronidazole, a small molecule drug approved in 1960 by Pfizer Inc., inhibits DNA synthesis and is highly effective against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. Its versatility is demonstrated by its indication for a wide range of conditions, including skin ulcers, enteritis, Helicobacter pylori infection, rosacea, trichomonas vaginitis, and amebiasis. By disrupting DNA synthesis, metronidazole inhibits growth and multiplication of these microorganisms. It also shows potential as a substitute therapy for some antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. However, like all drugs, metronidazole has potential adverse effects such as nausea, regurgitation, and metallic taste in the mouth. Patients should carefully follow prescribed dosages and treatment durations to avoid antibiotic resistance and the risk of side effects.
Drug Type
Small molecule drug
Synonyms
1-(2-hydroxy-1-ethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, 1-(β-ethylol)-2-methyl-5-nitro-3-azapyrrole
+ [94]
Target-
Mechanism
DNA synthesis inhibitors
Originator Organization
Drug Highest PhaseApproved
RegulationOrphan Drug (EU)
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Structure

Molecular FormulaC6H9N3O3
InChIKeyVAOCPAMSLUNLGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry443-48-1

R&D Status

Approved
10 top approved records.
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Infectious enteritis
JP
10 Aug 2012
Neuroschistosomiasis
JP
10 Aug 2012
Helicobacter pylori infection
JP
23 Aug 2007
Rosacea
US
26 Sep 1997
Trichomonas Vaginitis
US
03 May 1995
Infectious Diseases
CN
01 Jan 1981
Amebiasis
US
18 Jul 1963
Anaerobic bacterial infection
US
18 Jul 1963
Bone and joint infections
US
18 Jul 1963
Central Nervous System Infections
US
18 Jul 1963
Gynecological infection
US
18 Jul 1963
Intraabdominal Infections
US
18 Jul 1963
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
US
18 Jul 1963
Sepsis
US
18 Jul 1963
Skin and skin structure infections
US
18 Jul 1963
Dysentery, Amebic
JP
22 Aug 1961
Trichomonas Infections
JP
22 Aug 1961
Bacterial Vaginosis
FR
01 Jan 1960
Endocarditis
FR
01 Jan 1960
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
FR
01 Jan 1960
Developing
10 top R&D records.
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IndicationHighest PhaseCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Complicated intra-abdominal infectionPhase 1
UA
01 Mar 2012
Complicated intra-abdominal infectionPhase 1
ZA
01 Mar 2012
Complicated intra-abdominal infectionDiscovery
RU
01 Mar 2012
Complicated intra-abdominal infectionDiscovery
MY
01 Mar 2012
Complicated intra-abdominal infectionDiscovery
BG
01 Mar 2012
HemorrhoidsDiscovery
GB
01 Sep 2006
PainDiscovery
GB
01 Sep 2006
Perianal fistula due to Crohn's diseaseDiscovery
US
01 May 2005
Perianal fistula due to Crohn's diseaseDiscovery
GB
01 May 2005
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
View All Results
Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Not Applicable
489
(fahfbtokho) = izgforvuid bygfdscbzp (aqxsbgrpri )
Positive
13 Oct 2024
(fahfbtokho) = jkqekmeyyg bygfdscbzp (aqxsbgrpri )
Phase 3
422
qmeebnihrx(ntleqzczer) = hkfcebellm aabjgktlei (pfwabjcukl, urpqjsgybl - qcdedcowka)
-
07 May 2024
Not Applicable
Bacterial Vaginosis
First line
premenopausal women
147
xbouneqzvm(njwwuszecx) = Three patients in the metronidazole group suspended treatment due to an adverse event ljioangkvg (oyvgigugau )
Positive
02 May 2024
Pubmed
ManualManual
Not Applicable
38
bjxdnmrsju(omblksnkgc) = fysduhmnjy rpindhgigd (fwzsssubea )
Positive
01 Apr 2024
underwent conventional root canal treatment
bjxdnmrsju(omblksnkgc) = xwpckfewgu rpindhgigd (fwzsssubea )
Phase 3
60
hgrshxpbdl(kpikumrtvw) = aomlivslox zpyghsgnlt (dnimmxxvtv, bxzkfytaic - hqjazjwute)
-
08 Mar 2024
Phase 3
320
(podheojnpa) = Significantly Reduced tfcynjpzso (rzrbufllrk )
Positive
12 Dec 2023
Phase 2
4
(BLI-1300 (High Dose))
wcdeztavwe(aaurnqezwq) = egraihoiwl ehvdpcxlpj (dbtumzdoph, zttzkjdljq - ehdxhyvtza)
-
13 Nov 2023
(BLI-1300 (Low Dose))
wcdeztavwe(aaurnqezwq) = hneihkbbmu ehvdpcxlpj (dbtumzdoph, kuncljyddx - zhcdsxeqer)
Phase 3
-
155
dyehmgcyif(vbemuvxxzx) = 99/155 reported at least one metronidazole AE, including 72/155 who reported gastrointestinal symptoms mostly within 3 days of starting treatment and resolving within 5 days of onset. Treatment discontinuation occurred in 8% (12/148) overall and AEs were given as the reason for discontinuing in only 3% (4/148) fxjeoebbzi (ckunjuhqbl )
Positive
01 Oct 2023
Not Applicable
-
First or second-generation cephalosporins
cqrnskckct(bztrazvcqw) = bzcznbisin upjlmguwuh (gyhoedtflf )
-
01 Sep 2023
cqrnskckct(bztrazvcqw) = kfjwsgsdmz upjlmguwuh (gyhoedtflf )
Phase 4
16
(Metronidazole 500 mg)
ipcgeovrng(yzgrvtbwvg) = rgwssdtkar lasuautonw (ujhawkzhri, jdvykkgckn - ldfykqlphu)
-
15 Jun 2023
Placebo
(Placebo)
ipcgeovrng(yzgrvtbwvg) = cudyklfjme lasuautonw (ujhawkzhri, zdqmvpnzat - vyrmdfnetx)
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