Hana Pharm Co., Ltd.

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the effects of changes in autonomic nervous activity on changes in blood pressure after anesthesia induction between propofol and remimazolam in patients undergoing low-risk surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Does remimazolam shift sympathovagal balance toward parasympathetic predominance less than propofol?
Does the less shift in sympathovagal balance toward parasympathetic predominance attenuate the reduction in blood pressure? Participants will be administered either propofol or remimazolam for anesthesia induction, after which the autonomic nervous activity and blood pressure will be measured.
Researchers will compare the propofol and remimazolam groups to see if remimazolam causes less shift in sympathovagal balance toward parasympathetic predominance and subsequently attenuates the reduction in blood pressure.

This study was designated to investigate the quality of recovery after transurethral bladder resection. Because, patients undergoing transurethral bladder resection are mostly old age, and because of catheter-related bladder discomfort are common after transurethral bladder resection, study on the quality of recovery after transurethral bladder resection seems to be meaningful. In general, sevoflurane is commonly used as an anesthetic agent for general anesthesia of transurethral bladder resection. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether remimazolam is not inferior to sevoflurnane in terms of quality of recovery after transurethral bladder resection.

Bolus injection and continuous infusion are two widely used methods for intravenous administration of drugs. Bolus injection possibly leads to a rather high drug plasma concentration temporarily, however, it can induce a rapid onset of drug effects and attain a desired clinical state fast. On the contrary, continuous infusion is able to avoid excessive drug levels in plasma, but it takes longer to achieve the proper effect.
In this study, the investigators hypothesize that the bolus injection of remimazolam can reduce anesthesia induction time when compared to the continuous infusion of remimazolam, and also maintain hemodynamic stability. (The researchers will investigate the effect of the bolus injection of remimazolam during anesthesia induction in terms of its safety and efficacy when compared with the continuous infusion.)