Last update 01 Nov 2024

HDC

Last update 01 Nov 2024

Basic Info

Synonyms

组氨酸脱羧酶, HDC, Histidine decarboxylase

Introduction

Catalyzes the biosynthesis of histamine from histidine.

Drugs associated with HDC

Tritoqualine

Target

HDC

Mechanism

HDC inhibitors

Active Org.-

Originator Org.-

Active Indication

Rhinitis, Allergic [+1]

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date01 Jan 1960

alpha-FMH

Target

HDC

Mechanism

HDC inhibitors

Active Org.-

Originator Org.

Merck & Co., Inc.

Active Indication-

Inactive Indication

Pruritus

Drug Highest PhaseDiscontinued

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

BF-derm1

Target

HDC

Mechanism

HDC inhibitors

Active Org.-

Originator Org.

Biofrontera AG

Active Indication-

Inactive Indication

Chronic Urticaria [+1]

Drug Highest PhasePending

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

Clinical Trials associated with HDC

NCT05206227 / RecruitingEarly Phase 1IIT

Histamine as a Molecular Transducer of Adaptation to Exercise

This study is investigating the role of histamine in generating adaptation to exercise

Start Date28 Jul 2021

Sponsor / Collaborator

University of Oregon

100 Clinical Results associated with HDC

100 Translational Medicine associated with HDC

0 Patents (Medical) associated with HDC

2,801

Literatures (Medical) associated with HDC

01 Jan 2025·Food Microbiology

Characterization of ornithine decarboxylase with histidine decarboxylase activity in natural histidine decarboxylase gene deletion Enterobacter hormaechei RH3

Article

Author: Zou, Likou ; Yang, Yong ; Ma, Yixuan ; Ao, Xiaolin ; Li, Shuhong ; Hu, Kaidi ; Zhang, Yue ; Pei, Huijie ; He, Wei ; Liu, Aiping ; Wang, Yilun ; Hu, Xinjie ; Li, Jinhai ; Teng, Hui ; Li, Ran ; Yang, Lamei ; Liu, Shuliang ; Li, Jianlong ; Li, Qin

Histamine is predominantly produced in sausages via the decarboxylation of histidine by bacteria. Furthermore, histamine-producing bacteria usually possess the enzyme histidine decarboxylase (hdc). Enterobacter hormaechei RH3 isolated from sausages exhibited significant levels of histamine production despite the absence of hdc. In this study, we elucidated the previously unidentified mechanism underlying histamine production by RH3. We identified an enzyme, NehdX-772, exhibiting the hdc activity from the cell lysate supernatant of RH3, which was annotated as ornithine decarboxylase. The optimal activity of NehdX-772 was recorded at 35 °C and pH 6.0, and it could tolerate a salt concentration of 2.5% (w/v) NaCl. Moreover, artificial inoculation revealed that NehdX-772 was synthesized at significant levels in sausages, leading to an increase in histamine levels. The discovery of NehdX-772 explains the underlying mechanism of histamine production by RH3 and can be applied to decrease histamine production in sausages.

31 Dec 2024·European Clinical Respiratory Journal

A five-gene qPCR signature can classify type 2 asthma comparably to microscopy of induced sputum from severe asthma patients

Article

Author: Hoffmann, H. J. H. ; Toennesen, B. ; Schmid, J. M. ; Fricker, M. ; Soerensen, B. S.

Asthma is a heterogenous disease characterized by airway inflammation and variable expiratory airflow limitation resulting in variable respiratory symptoms. Characterization of airway inflammation is important to choose the optimal treatment for severe asthma patients eligible for biological treatment. However, counting cells in induced sputum samples are a time-consuming process, highly dependent on personal skills. Replacing eosinophil and neutrophil cell counting with qPCR for transcripts of selected mast cell, and basophil genes may provide more reproducible results.AimsThe objective of this study was to compare qPCR with microscopy in asthma endotyping.MethodsA qPCR method measuring five mast cell/basophil genes was applied on induced sputum samples from 30 severe asthma patients and compared with microscopy. Target gene Ct-values (CPA3, GATA2, HDC, MS4A2, TPSAB1/TPSB2) were referenced to household β-actin Ct values as a measure of relative mRNA abundance of the target in each sample. Target/β-actin-ratios in eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic groups determined by microscopy with an eosinophil threshold of 3% in 400 cells were compared using Mann-Whitney U Test. Spearman´s correlations were used to test for correlation between targets vs. FENO and targets vs. blood eosinophil counts.ResultsThe study demonstrated a statistical difference in relative mRNA abundance for four mast cell/basophil specific genes. CPA3, GATA2, HDC and MS4A2 were elevated in eosinophilic asthma versus non-eosinophilic asthma patients. The study found that GATA2, CPA3, MS4A2 and TPSAB1/TPSB2 transcripts are positively correlated with FENO. Neither the five mast cell genes nor the five-gene signature correlated with blood eosinophils. The five-gene signature with a target/β-actin-ratio cut-off ≥2 generated sensitivity = 87%, specificity = 94%, NPV = 88% and PPV = 92% compared to microscopy.ConclusionThis study confirms the contribution of mast cells in the pathogenesis of EA and suggests that mast cell mRNA markers could be one of the biomarkers used to identify EA.

01 Dec 2024·Current Genetics

Adaptative responses of Neurospora crassa by histidine kinases upon the attack of the arthropod Sinella curviseta

Article

Author: Lu, Ting ; Wang, Xiao-meng ; Yang, Han-bing ; Xi, Juan ; Zheng, Wei-fa ; Zhao, Yan-Xia ; Yang, Han-Bing ; Zhao, Yan-xia ; Chen, Peng-xu ; Zheng, Wei-Fa ; Wang, Xiao-Meng ; Chen, Peng-Xu

Histidine kinases (HKs) are important sensor proteins in fungi and play an essential role in environmental adaptation. However, the mechanisms by which fungi sense and respond to fungivores attack via HKs are not fully understood. In this study, we utilized Neurospora crassa to investigate the involvement of HKs in responding to fungivores attack. We found that the 11 HKs in N. crassa not only affected the growth and development, but also led to fluctuations in antioxidant production. Ten mutants in the genes encoding HKs (except ∆phy1) showed increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially upon Sinella curviseta attack. The ROS burst triggered changes in conidia and perithecial beaks formation, as well as accumulation of β-glucan, ergothioneine, ergosterol, and carotenoids. β-glucan was increased in ∆hk9, ∆os1, ∆hcp1, ∆nik2, ∆sln1, ∆phy1 and ∆phy2 mutants compared to the wild-type strain. In parallel, ergothioneine accumulation was improved in ∆phy1 and ∆hk16 mutants and further increased upon attack, except in ∆os1 and ∆hk16 mutants. Additionally, fungivores attack stimulated ergosterol and dehydroergosterol production in ∆hk9 and ∆os1 mutants. Furthermore, deletion of these genes altered carotenoid accumulation, with wild-type strain, ∆hk9, ∆os1, ∆hcp1, ∆sln1, ∆phy2, and ∆dcc1mutants showing an increase in carotenoids upon attack. Taken together, HKs are involved in regulating the production of conidia and antioxidants. Thus, HKs may act as sensors of fungivores attack and effectively improve the adaptive capacity of fungi to environmental stimuli.

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