Tofogliflozin Hydrate

Sleep apnea (SA) is prevalent among patients with heart failure (HF) and contributes to a poor prognosis. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in reducing the risk of serious clinical events in patients with HF. Additionally, SGLT2 inhibitors may reduce the risk of incident SA and mitigate its severity in patients with cardiovascular disease and T2DM. We aimed to investigate whether the SGLT2 inhibitor tofogliflozin reduced the severity of SA, as assessed using the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), in patients with HF and T2DM and whether a decrease in AHI correlates with changes in body composition and cardiorenal function parameters. This is a single-arm, prospective pathophysiologic study involving patients with HF, T2DM, and SA, defined as having an AHI of 15 events/h and more. SA was assessed using polysomnography. Changes in AHI before and 6 months after starting oral administration of tofogliflozin (20 mg) were assessed. Additionally, body composition and cardiorenal functions were assessed before and 6 months after tofogliflozin administration. Ten patients with HF, T2DM, and SA were finally enrolled (60% men, 66.9 ± 13.4 years). Tofogliflozin reduced AHI from 43.2 [30.2] to 35.3 [13.1] events/h (p = 0.024) at 6 months. Hemoglobin A1c, body weight, and body water content decreased significantly. However, no significant changes were observed in the cardiorenal function parameters. A linear relationship was observed between the changes in body water content and AHI (r = 0.642, p = 0.045). Tofogliflozin reduced AHI, possibly associated with a reduction in body water content.

This study is about Sodium Glucose Co-transporter 2 Inhibitors treatment improve pancreatic β -cells function and insulin resistance in patients with Type 2 diabetes .Diabetes is a leading cause of death and disability .Approx., more than 1.31 billion people will have diabetes by 2050 .Insulin resistance in target tissues and insufficient insulin secretion from pancreatic β -cell are the main characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) .Prolonged exposure to hyperglycemia induces insulin biosynthesis and secretion, resulting in the deterioration of β -cell function, known as β -cell glucose toxicity.Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are highly recommended in clin. setting because they safely lower blood glucose levels by enhancing urinary glucose excretion in an insulin-independent manner.Thirty-two RCTs were included in the quant. synthesis, involving 9157 adults, with 6132 receiving SGLT2 inhibitors and 3025 receiving non-SGLT2 inhibitor treatments.Seven SGLT2 inhibitors, canagliflozin, dapaglflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin, lusegliflozin, ipragliflozin, and tofogliflozin were included in this meta-anal.Thus, this meta-anal. results suggested that empagliflozin treatment did not significantly improve insulin resistance; however, this does not mean that empagliflozin has no effect on improving insulin resistance.The control group included other hypoglycemic drugs that may have weakened the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on β -cell function.In conclusion, our study suggests that SGLT2 inhibitors improve insulin sensitivity and resistance in patients with T2DM, as evidenced by a significant increase in HOMA- β levels and decrease in HOMA-IR levels.This study highlights a possible strategy in which SGLT2 inhibitors may be a good choice for patients with high insulin resistance as insulin sensitizers after metformin and pioglitazone treatment.SGLT2 inhibitor treatment should be administered to these patients for at least 24 wk.