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Last update 16 May 2025
Amifostine
Last update 16 May 2025
Overview
Basic Info
Drug Type Small molecule drug |
Synonyms Amifostine (USP), Amifostine anhydrous, Amifostine hydrate + [20] |
Target |
Action modulators |
Mechanism TNSALP modulators(Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme modulators) |
Therapeutic Areas |
Active Indication |
Inactive Indication |
Originator Organization |
Inactive Organization |
License Organization |
Drug Highest PhaseApproved |
First Approval Date United States (08 Dec 1995), |
RegulationAccelerated Approval (United States), Orphan Drug (United States) |
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Structure/Sequence
Molecular FormulaC5H21N2O6PS |
InChIKeyTXQPXJKRNHJWAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS Registry112901-68-5 |
Related
34
Clinical Trials associated with AmifostineNCT03702985
A Phase II Trial of Capecitabine and Irinotecan With or Without Amifostine in Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
NCT03474861
A Combination Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of an Anticancer Medication (A01) With Immune Cells (IC01) in Subjects With Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancer
NCT03472352
A Combination Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of an Anti-cancer Medication (A01) With Immune Cells (IC01) in Subjects With Advanced Solid Tumors
100 Clinical Results associated with Amifostine
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100 Translational Medicine associated with Amifostine
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100 Patents (Medical) associated with Amifostine
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1,857
Literatures (Medical) associated with Amifostine01 Jun 2025MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
Probing the multitargeted potency of FDA-approved Amifostine against MRSA and control comparison with sulfamethoxazole to establish alternative medications
Article
Author: Alqahtani, Mohammed ; Alotaibi, Bader S ; Alamri, Ahlam Saleh ; Alnomasy, Sultan F ; Almufarriji, Fawaz M ; Alkhorayef, Nada ; Alenazy, Rawaf
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a multidrug-resistant bacterial strain causing infections from mild skin conditions to life-threatening sepsis. It is classified into healthcare-associated (HA-MRSA) and community-associated (CA-MRSA), with significant healthcare and economic burdens. The rising prevalence and resistance to existing antibiotics highlight the urgent need for improved infection control, antibiotic stewardship, and research into multitargeted therapies to combat resistance and ensure effective treatment options. In this study, we performed a multitargeted docking study followed by pose filtering with MM/GBSA of an FDA-approved drug library. We identified Amifostine as a multitargeted inhibitor of transferases and hydrolases proteins involved in MRSA with docking scores ranging from -11.040 to -7.559 kcal/mol. We compared it with Sulfamethoxazole with docking scores -4.851 to -2.868 kcal/mol, which is an approved compound against MRSA, and found Amifostine a far better drug for MRSA instead just for its use to protect the kidneys of patients getting chemotherapy for the treatment of ovarian cancer. We also performed Interaction Fingerprints, pharmacokinetics, 5ns WaterMap and 100ns MD Simulation in water. We compared the results and extended the study with binding free energy and total energy of each MD simulation trajectory computations and found that Amifostine is a far better drug than Sulfamethoxazole-however, experimental validation is needed before its human use.
04 Mar 2025INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
Screening model in
Caenorhabditis elegans
for radioprotective natural products
Article
Author: Yang, Wenxi ; Chen, Xiaojuan ; Yao, Lan ; Wu, Shuang ; Ma, Baiping ; Zhang, Jie ; Liu, Si ; Song, Juan ; Li, Zhihui ; Liang, Haizhen
PURPOSE:
Ionizing radiation (IR) could induce damage such as DNA damage and oxidative stress. Natural products, like tea, have been demonstrated potential in mitigating these damages. However, the lack of efficient and rapid screening methods for natural products hinders their widespread application. To address this challenge, this study utilized Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as an in vivo model to investigate radioprotective natural products.
METHODS:
L1 stage C. elegans were exposed to X-rays or 60Co γ-rays at varying dosages (20, 50, and 100 Gy), then the growth, reproduction, and lifespan of the nematodes were observed. Different culture and sample-administered modes were tested. Known radioprotective agents, including Amifostine (WR2721), Lycium barbarum extract (LBE), and Trillium tschonoskii fraction (TTF), served as positive controls to validate the reliability of the model. The radioprotective activity of teas with different fermentation degrees was compared based on this screening model.
RESULTS:
A screening model in C. elegans was established by X-rays at 20 Gy. An appropriate sample-administrated approach was investigated, which involves adding the sample to the nematode growth medium (NGM) agar covered with inactivated Escherichia coli 2 h before irradiation. The known radioprotective agents (WR2721, LBE, and TTF) validated that the model is stable. Our results of the model application revealed that teas with lower fermentation levels, such as green tea and oolong tea, particularly the n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions from oolong tea, exhibited significant radioprotective activity.
CONCLUSIONS:
This study presents an effective in vivo approach for the initial screening of radioprotective natural products.
12 Feb 2025RADIATION RESEARCH
Effects of Whole-Body Carbon-Ion Beam Irradiation on Bone Marrow Death in Mice and an Examination of Candidates for Protectors or Mitigators against Carbon-Ion-Beam-Induced Bone Marrow Death
Article
Author: Ueno, Megumi ; Matsumoto, Ken-Ichiro ; Setoguchi, Shuichi ; Anzai, Kazunori ; Takata, Jiro ; Matsunaga, Kazuhisa
The present study examined the effects of whole-body carbon-ion-beam irradiation on bone marrow death in mice and investigated whether compounds/materials, which were identified as efficient radio-protectors or mitigators against X-ray-radiation-induced bone marrow death, were also effective against the carbon-ion-beam-induced death of mice. Amifostine and cysteamine were used as radio-protectors and zinc-containing heat-killed yeast (Zn-yeast) and γ-tocopherol-N,N-dimethylglycine ester (γTDMG) as radio-mitigators. Amifostine or cysteamine was intraperitoneally administered in a single injection of 1.95 mmol/kg body weight 30 min before whole-body carbon-ion-beam irradiation. Zn-yeast or γTDMG was administered in a single intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg body weight immediately after whole-body carbon-ion-beam irradiation. The absorbed dose dependence of the 30-day survival rate after carbon-ion-beam irradiation was analyzed. The biological effectiveness of carbon-ion-beam irradiation (LD50/30 = 5.54 Gy) was estimated as 1.2 relative to X-ray irradiation (LD50/30 = 6.62 Gy). The dose reduction factors (DRF) of amifostine, cysteamine, Zn-yeast, and γTDMG estimated for carbon-ion-beam irradiation were 1.75, 1.53, 1.16, and 1.15, respectively. Radio-protectors and -mitigators that were effective against photon irradiation also exhibited efficacy against carbon-ion-beam irradiation; however, the DRF for carbon-ion-beam irradiation was slightly smaller than that for photon irradiation. Based on the radio-protective effects of amifostine and cysteamine, the contribution of ROS/free radicals to carbon-ion-beam-induced bone marrow death was 70–90% to that of photon irradiation. Since the suppression of tumor growth by carbon-ion-beam irradiation was not inhibited by the treatment with γTDMG or Zn-yeast, both mitigators have potential as normal tissue-selective protectors in carbon-ion irradiation.
3
News (Medical) associated with Amifostine11 Aug 2023
AcquisitionLicense out/in
10 Aug 2023
AcquisitionRadiation Therapy
13 Feb 2019
AcquisitionLicense out/in
100 Deals associated with Amifostine
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External Link
| KEGG | Wiki | ATC | Drug Bank |
|---|---|---|---|
| D00226 | Amifostine |
R&D Status
Approved
10 top approved records. to view more data
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| Indication | Country/Location | Organization | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cytoprotective Agent | China | 01 Jan 2001 | |
| Neutropenia | Australia | 16 Apr 1998 | |
| Xerostomia | Australia | 16 Apr 1998 | |
| Chemotherapy-induced damage | United States | 08 Dec 1995 |
Developing
10 top R&D records. to view more data
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| Indication | Highest Phase | Country/Location | Organization | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Head and Neck Neoplasms | Phase 3 | France | 01 Mar 2001 | |
| Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck | Phase 2 | United States | 01 Dec 2006 | |
| Colorectal Cancer | Phase 2 | United States | 01 Oct 2006 | |
| Acute Myeloid Leukemia | Phase 2 | United States | 01 Jul 2004 | |
| Acute Myeloid Leukemia | Phase 2 | Israel | 01 Jul 2004 | |
| Esophagitis | Phase 2 | United States | 01 Nov 2003 | |
| Pneumonia | Phase 2 | United States | 01 Nov 2003 | |
| Unresectable Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma | Phase 2 | United States | 01 Nov 2003 | |
| Hodgkin's Lymphoma | Phase 2 | United States | 01 May 2003 | |
| Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | Phase 2 | United States | 01 May 2003 |
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Clinical Result
Clinical Result
Indication
Phase
Evaluation
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Phase 2 | 4 | kktgcytkqr(vktqyqtjzj) = xcqupagldt prfqovsiws (rgxwnnyerp, prsipvqbjm - hsxexfuqsv) View more | - | 01 Aug 2023 | |||
Phase 2 | 2 | qvecmfssng = yogrrurrar kxixrsfiyi (rxxfbojjcv, guyhcchsyj - xdewnqjuis) View more | - | 25 Jan 2022 | |||
Phase 3 | 17 | CyberKnife stereotactic radiosurgery (Placebo) | dnsilkwlaw = jlzzldecdj qxvyfspdso (ophchukpzk, gjeqhxrzuj - lgadqrtztb) View more | - | 04 Apr 2017 | ||
(Amifostine) | dnsilkwlaw = thtzzjbvsy qxvyfspdso (ophchukpzk, znkbqiwzdq - vbyrewdcby) View more | ||||||
Phase 2 | 21 | scdlowjlza = imwqjomqmv crryogfvll (wggwyjktao, tfjvtvwgxx - tpqxbiuwrh) View more | - | 08 Aug 2016 | |||
Not Applicable | 50 | (IMRT) | qymseljmks(rpajkzzawa) = nnjdigezmd rhzacaosrj (jrddvuuraw ) View more | Positive | 01 Nov 2010 | ||
Conventional Radiotherapy with Amifostine | qymseljmks(rpajkzzawa) = xezjqwnfta rhzacaosrj (jrddvuuraw ) | ||||||
Phase 2 | 3 | Intensity- Modulated Radiation Therapy+Amifostine | pprbdmhnrn(kxfpgwersg) = qfyrwuikvo ericmoblzv (czppflbmhf, nwdmevurjh - nqwbgdwacl) View more | - | 18 Jan 2010 | ||
Phase 2 | 58 | Carboplatin/paclitaxel + Amifostine | hplvhyxrfj(mwufewmsss) = bxvtlxmygr agnjudgqbg (uoeovnoack ) | - | 01 Oct 2009 | ||
Not Applicable | - | - | Amifostine 340mg/m^2 | jvlsktyttu(hkhvphvorl) = thqepqjynk klduawfcwg (afxkhpsllh, (0.11 - 0.17)) | - | 01 Sep 2008 | |
Not Applicable | 193 | ldyccgyenh(cfghncwutv) = clktxtifzb wmtnozzzdq (zonkkskmaa ) View more | Negative | 01 Nov 2007 | |||
Control (no Amifostine) | ldyccgyenh(cfghncwutv) = phmwyxmgci wmtnozzzdq (zonkkskmaa ) View more | ||||||
Not Applicable | Lung Cancer Consolidation | 44 | hfldjwlvvf(zocwgrzkjk) = oeskwxwool hidgnkiedt (szxpxfuhun ) View more | Positive | 01 Nov 2007 | ||
kzewabasgu(uerrgcqqoe) = xfpcijltze vkjkchmdoi (gqmdyqyymh ) View more |
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