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Last update 01 Jun 2025
Amifostine
Last update 01 Jun 2025
Overview
Basic Info
Drug Type Small molecule drug |
Synonyms Amifostine (USP), Amifostine anhydrous, Amifostine hydrate + [20] |
Target |
Action modulators |
Mechanism TNSALP modulators(Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme modulators) |
Therapeutic Areas |
Active Indication |
Inactive Indication |
Originator Organization |
Inactive Organization |
License Organization |
Drug Highest PhaseApproved |
First Approval Date United States (08 Dec 1995), |
RegulationAccelerated Approval (United States), Orphan Drug (United States) |
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Structure/Sequence
Molecular FormulaC5H21N2O6PS |
InChIKeyTXQPXJKRNHJWAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS Registry112901-68-5 |
Related
42
Clinical Trials associated with AmifostineNCT03702985
A Phase II Trial of Capecitabine and Irinotecan With or Without Amifostine in Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
NCT03472352
A Combination Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of an Anti-cancer Medication (A01) With Immune Cells (IC01) in Subjects With Advanced Solid Tumors
NCT03474861
A Combination Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of an Anticancer Medication (A01) With Immune Cells (IC01) in Subjects With Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancer
100 Clinical Results associated with Amifostine
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100 Translational Medicine associated with Amifostine
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100 Patents (Medical) associated with Amifostine
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1,858
Literatures (Medical) associated with Amifostine01 Oct 2025COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
Amifostine-loaded Prussian blue nanoparticles for simultaneous efficient radioprotection and deep decorporation of radiocesium
Article
Author: Wang, Boyan ; Xu, Meiyun ; Hua, Daoben ; Li, Chengqi ; Liu, Yuchen
Radiocesium is highly water-soluble and easily accumulates in agricultural products and seafood. Ingestion of radiocesium results in internal irradiation, significantly increasing the risk of tissue and organ damage as well as carcinogenesis. In this paper, we develop a strategy for simultaneous radioprotection and decorporation of radiocesium by amifostine-loaded Prussian blue (Am@PB) nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are prepared through chemical coordination between amine/phosphate groups of amifostine and Fe (II)/Fe (III) sites of Prussian blue (PB). Am@PB nanoparticles mitigate radiation-induced damage to peripheral blood cells and organs, improving the survival rate of irradiated mice. This is due to the synergistic effects of the nano-enzymatic activity of PB component and the high reducibility of sulfhydryl groups generated through amifostine hydrolysis by alkaline phosphatase. Furthermore, the deep excretion of cesium is achieved via feces along the metabolic pathway of Am@PB, leading to an enhanced decorporation efficiency of over 50 % compared to orally administered commercial PB. This work provides a design strategy for efficient radioprotective decorporation agents with potential applications in the treatment of internal radiocesium contamination.
01 Jun 2025MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
Probing the multitargeted potency of FDA-approved Amifostine against MRSA and control comparison with sulfamethoxazole to establish alternative medications
Article
Author: Alqahtani, Mohammed ; Alotaibi, Bader S ; Alamri, Ahlam Saleh ; Alnomasy, Sultan F ; Almufarriji, Fawaz M ; Alkhorayef, Nada ; Alenazy, Rawaf
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a multidrug-resistant bacterial strain causing infections from mild skin conditions to life-threatening sepsis. It is classified into healthcare-associated (HA-MRSA) and community-associated (CA-MRSA), with significant healthcare and economic burdens. The rising prevalence and resistance to existing antibiotics highlight the urgent need for improved infection control, antibiotic stewardship, and research into multitargeted therapies to combat resistance and ensure effective treatment options. In this study, we performed a multitargeted docking study followed by pose filtering with MM/GBSA of an FDA-approved drug library. We identified Amifostine as a multitargeted inhibitor of transferases and hydrolases proteins involved in MRSA with docking scores ranging from -11.040 to -7.559 kcal/mol. We compared it with Sulfamethoxazole with docking scores -4.851 to -2.868 kcal/mol, which is an approved compound against MRSA, and found Amifostine a far better drug for MRSA instead just for its use to protect the kidneys of patients getting chemotherapy for the treatment of ovarian cancer. We also performed Interaction Fingerprints, pharmacokinetics, 5ns WaterMap and 100ns MD Simulation in water. We compared the results and extended the study with binding free energy and total energy of each MD simulation trajectory computations and found that Amifostine is a far better drug than Sulfamethoxazole-however, experimental validation is needed before its human use.
01 Jun 2025GERODONTOLOGY
Systematic Reviews on the Management of Xerostomia and Hyposalivation—An Umbrella Review
Review
Author: Marquezzan, Maria Eduarda ; Cattapan, Luciano ; Gauer, Ana Paula Maihack ; Corralo, Vanessa da Silva ; Schneider, Luana Roberta ; Conte, Daniele Bet ; Rodrigues‐Junior, Sinval Adalberto
ABSTRACT:
Introduction:
Dry mouth is moderately prevalent in the older population. Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological alternatives have been assessed to manage its manifestation. This umbrella review synthesised the evidence on approaches to managing xerostomia and hyposalivation.
Material and Methods:
We searched for systematic reviews of interventions to manage dry mouth in Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EMBASE, PubMed, Prospero and DARE databases (up to September 2023). References were managed and selected by reading titles and abstracts using Rayyan QCRI. Selection of studies, data extraction and methodological quality assessment (AMSTAR 2) were conducted independently, in duplicate. Data were extracted to a previously tested form that included information about dry mouth causes, interventions, outcomes and findings.
Results:
There were 3323 records. At the end of the selection process, 48 studies were included and had data extracted. Only three high‐quality systematic reviews were found to support methods for managing dry mouth. Limited evidence suggests that topical therapies offer significant palliative or stimulating effects for relieving dry mouth symptoms. Furthermore, low‐quality evidence indicates a slight increase in saliva production with acupuncture, dry mouth prevention with amifostine, and saliva stimulation using pilocarpine in patients who have undergone head and neck radiotherapy.
Conclusion:
Salivary substitutes and stimulants mostly acted as moisturisers and some as saliva stimulants, with short‐term effect. More than 80% of the reviews were appraised as ‘critically low’ quality. Well‐designed and well‐reported systematic reviews are still needed to increase the level of evidence on dry mouth management methods.
Protocol Registration:
Prospero Registration CRD42022325854
3
News (Medical) associated with Amifostine11 Aug 2023
AcquisitionLicense out/in
10 Aug 2023
AcquisitionRadiation Therapy
13 Feb 2019
AcquisitionLicense out/in
100 Deals associated with Amifostine
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External Link
| KEGG | Wiki | ATC | Drug Bank |
|---|---|---|---|
| D00226 | Amifostine |
R&D Status
Approved
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| Indication | Country/Location | Organization | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cytoprotective Agent | China | 01 Jan 2001 | |
| Neutropenia | Australia | 16 Apr 1998 | |
| Xerostomia | Australia | 16 Apr 1998 | |
| Chemotherapy-induced damage | United States | 08 Dec 1995 |
Developing
10 top R&D records. to view more data
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| Indication | Highest Phase | Country/Location | Organization | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck | Phase 3 | France | 01 Mar 2001 | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx | Phase 2 | United States | 01 Dec 2006 | |
| Rectal Cancer | Phase 2 | United States | 01 Oct 2006 | |
| Acute Myeloid Leukemia | Phase 2 | United States | 01 Jul 2004 | |
| Acute Myeloid Leukemia | Phase 2 | Israel | 01 Jul 2004 | |
| Esophagitis | Phase 2 | United States | 01 Nov 2003 | |
| Pneumonia | Phase 2 | United States | 01 Nov 2003 | |
| Unresectable Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma | Phase 2 | United States | 01 Nov 2003 | |
| Hodgkin's Lymphoma | Phase 2 | United States | 01 May 2003 | |
| Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | Phase 2 | United States | 01 May 2003 |
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Clinical Result
Clinical Result
Indication
Phase
Evaluation
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Phase 2 | 4 | wrrrweckpq(kgwpyhfngd) = xvmmdnqawk jzbuhpkqad (uqyzqwdqwy, nkiortbdnz - nomrjsniaj) View more | - | 01 Aug 2023 | |||
Phase 2 | 2 | yynrhsybeg = ryflhyhgfe hcibfjjejh (qzajsbonlm, hygpeqkyji - kjmsyrgwll) View more | - | 25 Jan 2022 | |||
Phase 2 | 187 | No amifostine | essrhytecg(abdihshdog) = hlgtfuikbb rbjzntqnbe (jeaayqvbzs ) View more | - | 01 Jun 2018 | ||
Everyday regimen of amifostine | essrhytecg(abdihshdog) = fheuwahnxo rbjzntqnbe (jeaayqvbzs ) View more | ||||||
Phase 3 | 17 | CyberKnife stereotactic radiosurgery (Placebo) | nlqqdgfuzz = hpagigscag ixjrovwpng (ytwwueqahr, ueijslubcz - zfbxavcpib) View more | - | 04 Apr 2017 | ||
(Amifostine) | nlqqdgfuzz = luunaawbdt ixjrovwpng (ytwwueqahr, gtxguspjcr - ipjmoqpoya) View more | ||||||
Phase 2 | 21 | unmsdxbfbo = ncpbpezwme icwzzqqukp (ueahttomkf, wieofzzzlk - ayrhruwgqu) View more | - | 08 Aug 2016 | |||
Phase 1/2 | 45 | Intracavitary brachytherapy+cisplatin (Radiation Therapy Plus Cisplatin) | gvmixlekhb = gqsgoabdxz hjnmjldwbc (raandmlniw, nfozhkfshc - gwbahxigjf) View more | - | 07 Jan 2015 | ||
(Radiation Therapy Plus Cisplatin and Amifostine) | lmifnjfunl = gtveqdvzaa uhcoyewmrq (cmooemnjfs, eaereqqvjh - hweveevdhw) | ||||||
Phase 3 | 130 | (Arm I (High Dose Melphalan, Amifostine Trihydrate, Transplant)) | ctpjgoftcx = iwbcqdnzse taltcuiarq (fnkhpidgvp, weqkbsujky - hyjcplmtob) View more | - | 19 Sep 2014 | ||
(Arm II (Low Dose Melphalan, Amifostine Trihydrate, Transplant)) | ctpjgoftcx = lbiuqylbsu taltcuiarq (fnkhpidgvp, xktqncnbqq - silrzspchk) View more | ||||||
Phase 2 | 30 | Radiation therapy+Amifostine trihydrate | jvgmghcbsy = ngwvriqboh ehkdjmspsg (lnbnhjidsk, qatozkvaqj - huxrffnlqt) View more | - | 29 Mar 2012 | ||
Phase 2 | 41 | therapeutic dietary intervention (Arm IA) | fswgmyairb = xyuxqietag lqujpmnsob (ugtxwzsqfo, oydpzknpcc - zzqbrmxnrl) View more | - | 08 Dec 2011 | ||
therapeutic dietary intervention (Arm IB) | fswgmyairb = rbiyqmontd lqujpmnsob (ugtxwzsqfo, agsxqbfyfj - ebzcxmtpxi) View more | ||||||
Not Applicable | 50 | (IMRT) | aceecnofyb(avosuzepty) = glptydbpmi duntsdyjxh (mlmcvmdoxc ) View more | Positive | 01 Nov 2010 | ||
Conventional Radiotherapy with Amifostine | aceecnofyb(avosuzepty) = ghvwdmghyb duntsdyjxh (mlmcvmdoxc ) |
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