Anastrozole

On February 26, 2025, AstraZeneca announced positive mid-term results from the Phase III SERENA-6 trial for its oral selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) camizestrant. The study demonstrated statistically and clinically significant improvements in progression-free survival (PFS) when combined with CDK4/6 inhibitors such as palbociclib, ribociclib, or abemaciclib. This marks camizestrant as the first and only oral SERD proven to provide first-line treatment benefits when used with approved CDK4/6 inhibitors. The SERENA-6 trial assessed the efficacy and safety of switching to camizestrant in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-negative advanced breast cancer harboring ESR1 mutations. The study compared the camizestrant combination therapy to the standard care of continuing with aromatase inhibitors like anastrozole or letrozole alongside CDK4/6 inhibitors. While key secondary endpoints such as PFS2 and overall survival (OS) remain immature at this stage, there is a noted trend towards improved PFS2 in the camizestrant group. The trial will continue as planned to further evaluate these critical secondary endpoints. Notably, SERENA-6 is the first global, double-blind Phase III trial utilizing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to guide the detection of endocrine resistance. This innovative approach allows for early identification of endocrine resistance signs and the emergence of ESR1 mutations during routine tumor scans. Upon detection of ESR1 mutations without disease progression, patients transitioned from aromatase inhibitor therapy to camizestrant while maintaining treatment with the same CDK4/6 inhibitor. François-Clément Bidard, a professor of medical oncology at Université Versailles-Saint-Quentin, who is also the principal investigator of the trial, stated, “Patients urgently need new therapies to delay disease progression during first-line endocrine therapy. The SERENA-6 trial shows that transitioning to camizestrant after the emergence of ESR1 mutations can delay disease progression and extend the benefits of first-line treatment, representing a significant step forward for patients and a potential shift in clinical practice.” Susan Galbraith, Executive Vice President of Oncology Research and Development at AstraZeneca, noted that these impressive results indicate camizestrant’s versatility in combination with approved CDK4/6 inhibitors, offering a promising new treatment option for one-third of HR+ HER2-negative advanced breast cancer patients who develop ESR1 mutations while receiving aromatase inhibitors with CDK4/6 inhibitors. This pivotal outcome brings AstraZeneca closer to establishing camizestrant as a new standard of care, aiming to transform treatment paradigms in HR+ breast cancer. Globally, approximately 200,000 HR+ breast cancer patients receive first-line drug treatment, typically involving endocrine therapy targeting estrogen receptor-driven disease, often in conjunction with CDK4/6 inhibitors. However, many advanced patients develop resistance to these treatments. ESR1 mutations are key drivers of this resistance and are widely tested in clinical practice, becoming more prevalent as the disease progresses and associated with poor outcomes. About 30% of endocrine-sensitive HR+ patients experience ESR1 mutations during first-line treatment without disease progression.

WILMINGTON, Del.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Positive high-level results from a planned interim analysis of the SERENA-6 Phase III trial showed that AstraZeneca’s camizestrant in combination with a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor (palbociclib, ribociclib or abemaciclib) demonstrated a highly statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in the primary endpoint of progression-free survival (PFS). The trial evaluated switching to the camizestrant combination versus continuing standard-of-care treatment with an aromatase inhibitor (AI) (anastrozole or letrozole) in combination with a CDK4/6 inhibitor in the 1st-line treatment of patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer whose tumors have an emergent ESR1 mutation. The key secondary endpoints of time to second disease progression (PFS2) and overall survival (OS) were immature at the time of this interim analysis. However, the camizestrant combination demonstrated a trend toward improvement in PFS2. The trial will continue as planned to further assess key secondary endpoints. SERENA-6 is the first global, double-blind, registrational Phase III trial to use a circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)-guided approach to detect the emergence of endocrine resistance and inform a switch in therapy before disease progression. The novel trial design used ctDNA monitoring at the time of routine tumor scan visits to identify patients for early signs of endocrine resistance and the emergence of ESR1 mutations. Following detection of an ESR1 mutation without disease progression, the endocrine therapy of patients was switched to camizestrant from ongoing treatment with an AI, while continuing combination with the same CDK4/6 inhibitor. François-Clément Bidard, MD, PhD, Professor of Medical Oncology at Institut Curie & UVSQ/Université Paris-Saclay, France, and co-principal investigator for the trial, said: “Patients have an urgent need for new treatments that delay disease progression on 1st-line endocrine-based therapies. The results from SERENA-6 show that switching from an aromatase inhibitor to camizestrant in combination with any of the three CDK4/6 inhibitors after emergence of an ESR1 mutation delays progression of disease and extends the benefit of 1st-line treatment, representing an important step forward for patients, and a potential shift in clinical practice.” Susan Galbraith, Executive Vice President, Oncology Hematology R&D, AstraZeneca, said: "These impressive results demonstrate the versatility of camizestrant in combination with all the widely approved CDK4/6 inhibitors to provide a well-tolerated new potential treatment option in the first-line setting for the one in three patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer whose tumors develop ESR1 mutations during treatment with an aromatase inhibitor in combination with a CDK4/6 inhibitor. This critical read-out moves us one step closer to realizing the potential of camizestrant to become a new standard-of-care as we look to shift the treatment paradigm and establish this new endocrine therapy backbone in HR-positive breast cancer.” The safety profile of camizestrant in combination with palbociclib, ribociclib or abemaciclib in SERENA-6 was consistent with the known safety profile of each medicine. No new safety concerns were identified and discontinuations were very low and similar in both arms. Globally, approximately 200,000 patients with HR-positive breast cancer are treated with a medicine in the 1st-line setting; most frequently with endocrine therapies that target estrogen receptor (ER)-driven disease, which are often paired with CDK4/6 inhibitors.1-3 However, resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors and current endocrine therapies develops in many patients with advanced disease.3 Mutations in the ESR1 gene are a key driver of endocrine resistance and are widely tested for in clinical practice.4,5 These mutations develop during treatment of the disease, becoming more prevalent as the disease progresses and are associated with poor outcomes.4,5 Approximately 30% of patients with endocrine-sensitive HR-positive disease develop ESR1 mutations during 1st-line treatment without disease progression.1 Data will be presented at a forthcoming medical meeting and shared with global regulatory authorities. Notes HR-positive breast cancer Breast cancer is the second most common cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide.6 More than two million patients were diagnosed with breast cancer in 2022, with more than 665,000 deaths globally.6 While survival rates are high for those diagnosed with early breast cancer, only about 30% of patients diagnosed with or who progress to metastatic disease are expected to live five years following diagnosis.7 HR-positive breast cancer, characterized by the expression of estrogen or progesterone receptors, or both, is the most common subtype of breast cancer with 70% of tumors considered HR-positive and HER2-negative.7 ERs often drive the growth of HR-positive breast cancer cells.8 Once resistance to the treatment of HR-positive breast cancer with CDK4/6 inhibitors and current endocrine therapies occurs, treatment options are limited and survival rates are low with 35% of patients anticipated to live beyond five years after diagnosis.3,7,9 The optimization of endocrine therapy and overcoming resistance to enable patients to continue benefiting from these treatments, as well as identifying new therapies for those who are less likely to benefit, are active areas of focus for breast cancer research. SERENA-6 SERENA-6 is a Phase III, double-blind, randomized trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of camizestrant in combination with a CDK4/6 inhibitor (palbociclib, ribociclib or abemaciclib) versus treatment with an AI (anastrozole or letrozole) in combination with a CDK4/6 inhibitor (palbociclib, ribociclib or abemaciclib) in patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer (patients with either locally advanced disease, or metastatic disease) whose tumors have an emergent ESR1 mutation. The global trial enrolled 315 adult patients with histologically confirmed HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer, undergoing treatment with an AI in combination with a CDK4/6 inhibitor as 1st-line treatment. The primary endpoint of the SERENA-6 trial is PFS as assessed by investigator, with secondary endpoints including OS, and PFS2 by investigator assessment. Camizestrant Camizestrant is an investigational, potent, next-generation oral selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) and complete ER antagonist that is currently in Phase III trials for the treatment of HR-positive breast cancer. AstraZeneca’s broad, robust and innovative clinical development program, including the SERENA-6, SERENA-4, CAMBRIA-1 and CAMBRIA-2 trials, is evaluating the safety and efficacy of camizestrant when used as a monotherapy or in combination with other agents to address a number of areas of unmet need in this specific type of breast cancer. Camizestrant has demonstrated anti-cancer activity across a range of preclinical models, including those with ER-activating mutations. In the SERENA-2 Phase II trial, camizestrant demonstrated PFS benefit versus fulvestrant irrespective of ESR1 mutation status or prior treatment with CDK4/6 inhibitors in patients with ER-positive locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer, previously treated with endocrine therapy. The SERENA-1 Phase I trial demonstrated that camizestrant is well tolerated and has a promising anti-tumor profile when administered alone or in combination with palbociclib, ribociclib and abemaciclib; three widely used CDK4/6 inhibitors. Combinations with other agents are ongoing in SERENA-1. AstraZeneca in breast cancer Driven by a growing understanding of breast cancer biology, AstraZeneca is challenging, and redefining, the current clinical paradigm for how breast cancer is classified and treated to deliver even more effective treatments to patients in need – with the bold ambition to one day eliminate breast cancer as a cause of death. AstraZeneca has a comprehensive portfolio of approved and promising compounds in development that leverage different mechanisms of action to address the biologically diverse breast cancer tumor environment. With fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki, a HER2-directed ADC, AstraZeneca and Daiichi Sankyo are aiming to improve outcomes in previously treated HER2-positive, HER2-low and HER2-ultralow metastatic breast cancer, and are exploring its potential in earlier lines of treatment and in new breast cancer settings. In HR-positive breast cancer, AstraZeneca continues to improve outcomes with foundational medicines fulvestrant and goserelin and aims to reshape the HR-positive space with first-in-class AKT inhibitor, capivasertib, the TROP-2-directed ADC, datopotamab deruxtecan-dlnk and next-generation oral SERD and potential new medicine camizestrant. PARP inhibitor olaparib is a targeted treatment option that has been studied in early and metastatic breast cancer patients with an inherited BRCA mutation. AstraZeneca with Merck & Co., Inc. (MSD outside the US and Canada) continue to research olaparib in these settings and to explore its potential in earlier disease. AstraZeneca is also exploring the efficacy and safety of saruparib, a potent and selective inhibitor of PARP1, in combination with camizestrant in BRCA-mutated, HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer. To bring much-needed treatment options to patients with triple-negative breast cancer, an aggressive form of breast cancer, AstraZeneca is collaborating with Daiichi Sankyo to evaluate the potential of datopotamab deruxtecan-dlnk alone and in combination with immunotherapy durvalumab. AstraZeneca in oncology AstraZeneca is leading a revolution in oncology with the ambition to provide cures for cancer in every form, following the science to understand cancer and all its complexities to discover, develop and deliver life-changing medicines to patients. The Company's focus is on some of the most challenging cancers. It is through persistent innovation that AstraZeneca has built one of the most diverse portfolios and pipelines in the industry, with the potential to catalyze changes in the practice of medicine and transform the patient experience. AstraZeneca has the vision to redefine cancer care and, one day, eliminate cancer as a cause of death. AstraZeneca AstraZeneca is a global, science-led biopharmaceutical company that focuses on the discovery, development, and commercialization of prescription medicines in Oncology, Rare Diseases, and BioPharmaceuticals, including Cardiovascular, Renal & Metabolism, and Respiratory & Immunology. Based in Cambridge, UK, AstraZeneca’s innovative medicines are sold in more than 125 countries and used by millions of patients worldwide. Please visit astrazeneca-us.com and follow the Company on social media @AstraZeneca. References Cerner CancerMPact database. Accessed February 2025. Lin M, et al. Comparative Overall Survival of CDK4/6 Inhibitors Plus Endocrine Therapy vs. Endocrine Therapy Alone for Hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. J Cancer . 2020; 10.7150/jca.48944. Lloyd M R, et al. Mechanisms of Resistance to CDK4/6 Blockade in Advanced Hormone Receptor–positive, HER2-negative Breast Cancer and Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities. Clin Cancer Res . 2022; 28(5):821-30. Brett O, et al. ESR1 mutation as an emerging clinical biomarker in metastatic hormone receptor‑positive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res . 2021; 23:85. Zundelevich, A, et al. ESR1 mutations are frequent in newly diagnosed metastatic and loco-regional recurrence of endocrine-treated breast cancer and carry worse prognosis. Breast Cancer Res. 2020 ; 22:16. Bray F, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin . 2024 Apr 4. doi: 10.3322/caac.21834. National Cancer Institute. Cancer Stat facts: Female breast cancer subtypes. Available at: https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/breast-subtypes.html . Accessed February 2025. Scabia V, et al. Estrogen receptor positive breast cancers have patient specific hormone sensitivities and rely on progesterone receptor. Nat Commun . 2022; 10.1038/s41467-022-30898-0. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines). Available at: https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/breast.pdf . Accessed February 2025. US-98587 | Last Updated 2/25