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Other Diseases

Infectious Diseases

Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases

Small molecule drug

Autologous CAR-T

Antibody drug conjugate (ADC)

Disease domain score

A glimpse into the focused therapeutic areas

Technology Platform

Most used technologies in drug development

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Most frequently developed targets

Disease Domain	Count

Infectious Diseases	4
Immune System Diseases	3
Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases	3
Neoplasms	3
Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease	1
Nervous System Diseases	1

Top 5 Drug Type	Count

Small molecule drug	3
Autologous CAR-T	2
Antibody drug conjugate (ADC)	1
Synthetic peptide	1

Top 5 Target	Count

CD19(B-lymphocyte antigen CD19)	2
NS3/NS4A x NS5A x NS5B polymerase	1
TOP1 x Trop-2	1
HIV-1 capsid	1
NTCP(Sodium/bile acid cotransporter)	1

Author: Brigo, Alessandro ; Piparo, Elena Lo ; Barton-Maclaren, Tara ; Szabo, David T ; Bellion, Phillip ; Martin, Matthew ; Bassan, Arianna ; Milchak, Lawrence ; Graham, Jessica ; Suarez, Diana ; Kemper, Ray ; Ahlberg, Ernst ; Amberg, Alexander ; Mestre, Jordi ; Beilke, Lisa ; Neilson, Louise ; Anger, Lennart T ; Masuda-Herrera, Melisa ; Burleigh-Flayers, Heather ; Karmaus, Agnes ; Woolley, David ; Jones, David ; Myatt, Glenn ; Ruiz, Patricia ; Jolly, Robert ; Mumtaz, Moiz ; McAtee, Britt ; Patlewicz, Grace ; Zwickl, Craig M ; Muster, Wolfgang ; Gromek, Kamila ; Vardakou, Ioanna ; Paulino, Alexandre ; Devlin, Amy ; Madia, Federica ; Valentin, Jean-Pierre ; Fish, Trevor ; Cronin, Mark T D ; Roncaglioni, Alessandra ; Glover, Kyle ; Custer, Laura ; Moudgal, Chandrika ; Glowienke, Susanne

Acute toxicity in silico models are being used to support an increasing number of application areas including (1) product research and development, (2) product approval and registration as well as (3) the transport, storage and handling of chemicals. The adoption of such models is being hindered, in part, because of a lack of guidance describing how to perform and document an in silico analysis. To address this issue, a framework for an acute toxicity hazard assessment is proposed. This framework combines results from different sources including in silico methods and in vitro or in vivo experiments. In silico methods that can assist the prediction of in vivo outcomes (i.e., LD₅₀) are analyzed concluding that predictions obtained using in silico approaches are now well-suited for reliably supporting assessment of LD₅₀-based acute toxicity for the purpose of GHS classification. A general overview is provided of the endpoints from in vitro studies commonly evaluated for predicting acute toxicity (e.g., cytotoxicity/cytolethality as well as assays targeting specific mechanisms). The increased understanding of pathways and key triggering mechanisms underlying toxicity and the increased availability of in vitro data allow for a shift away from assessments solely based on endpoints such as LD₅₀, to mechanism-based endpoints that can be accurately assessed in vitro or by using in silico prediction models. This paper also highlights the importance of an expert review of all available information using weight-of-evidence considerations and illustrates, using a series of diverse practical use cases, how in silico approaches support the assessment of acute toxicity.

01 Apr 2009·Biophysical JournalQ2 · BIOLOGY

Redistribution of Terbium Ions Across Acetylcholine Receptor-Enriched Membranes Induced by Agonist Desensitization

Q2 · BIOLOGY

Article

Author: Chuang, Anthony R. ; Fairclough, Robert H. ; Marek, Matthew S. ; Lee, Thomas E. ; Doniach, Sebastian

Using small-angle x-ray diffraction from centrifugally oriented acetylcholine receptor (AChR) enriched membranes coupled with anomalous scattering from terbium ions (Tb3+) titrated into presumed Ca2+ binding sites, we have mapped the distribution of Tb3+ perpendicular to the membrane plane using a heavy atom refinement algorithm. We have compared the distribution of Tb3+ in the closed resting state with that in the carbamylcholine-desensitized state. In the closed resting state we find 45 Tb3+ ions distributed in 10 narrow peaks perpendicular to the membrane plane. Applying the same refinement procedure to the data from carbamylcholine desensitized AChR we find 18 fewer Tb3+ ions in eight peaks, and slight rearrangements of Tb3+ density in the peaks near the ends of the AChR ion channel pore. These agonist dependent changes in the Tb3+ stoichiometry and distribution suggest a likely role for multivalent cations in stabilizing the different functional states of the AChR, and the changes in the Tb3+ distribution at the two ends of the pore suggest a potential role for multivalent cations in the gating of the ion channel.

Medicinal Chemistry Reviews

Veklury (remdesivir), a nucleotide prodrug approved for the treatment of COVID-19

Author: Mackman, Richard L. ; Cihlar, Tomas

A review.The SARS-CoV-2 virus (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) is responsible for the COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 19) pandemic, the most significant global pandemic since the 1918 Spanish influenza.This review discusses about Veklury (remdesivir), a nucleotide prodrug approved for the treatment of COVID-19.It further discusses the discovery and mechanism of action of Veklury (remdesivir).

100 Deals associated with Gilead Sciences Pty Ltd.

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100 Translational Medicine associated with Gilead Sciences Pty Ltd.

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Pipeline

Pipeline Snapshot as of 22 Nov 2024

The statistics for drugs in the Pipeline is the current organization and its subsidiaries are counted as organizations,Early Phase 1 is incorporated into Phase 1, Phase 1/2 is incorporated into phase 2, and phase 2/3 is incorporated into phase 3

Approved

7

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Current Projects

Drug(Targets)	Indications	Global Highest Phase

Remdesivir ( RdRp )	COVID-19 More	Approved
Sacituzumab govitecan-hziy ( TOP1 x Trop-2 )	Triple Negative Breast Cancer More	Approved
Brexucabtagene Autoleucel ( CD19 )	Pre B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia More	Approved
Axicabtagene Ciloleucel ( CD19 )	Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma More	Approved
Bulevirtide Acetate ( NTCP )	Hepatitis D, Chronic More	Approved