Last update 19 Oct 2026

Cyclosporine

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type
Non-degrading molecular glue, Synthetic peptide, Cyclic Peptide
Synonyms
(Nva2)-cyclosporine, Ciclosporin, ciclosporin
+ [88]
Target
Action
inhibitors
Mechanism
CaN inhibitors(Calcineurin inhibitors)
Originator Organization
Drug Highest PhaseApproved
First Approval Date
United States (14 Nov 1983),
RegulationOrphan Drug (United States), Overseas New Drugs Urgently Needed in Clinical Settings (China)
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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC62H111N11O12
InChIKeyPMATZTZNYRCHOR-CGLBZJNRSA-N
CAS Registry59865-13-3

External Link

R&D Status

Approved
10 top approved records.
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Keratoconjunctivitis
Canada
24 Dec 2018
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
European Union
06 Jul 2018
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Iceland
06 Jul 2018
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Liechtenstein
06 Jul 2018
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Norway
06 Jul 2018
Dry Eye Syndromes
European Union
19 Mar 2015
Dry Eye Syndromes
Iceland
19 Mar 2015
Dry Eye Syndromes
Liechtenstein
19 Mar 2015
Dry Eye Syndromes
Norway
19 Mar 2015
Keratitis
European Union
19 Mar 2015
Keratitis
Iceland
19 Mar 2015
Keratitis
Liechtenstein
19 Mar 2015
Keratitis
Norway
19 Mar 2015
Xerophthalmia
Japan
11 Oct 2005
Kerato conjunctivitis sicca
United States
23 Dec 2002
Ocular inflammation
United States
23 Dec 2002
Dermatitis, Atopic
Japan
14 Mar 2000
Immunosuppression
Japan
14 Mar 2000
Myasthenia Gravis
Japan
14 Mar 2000
Uveitis
Japan
14 Mar 2000
Developing
10 top R&D records.
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IndicationHighest PhaseCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Eye DiseasesNDA/BLA
Canada
01 Jan 2025
Corneal UlcerPhase 3
United States
01 Sep 2025
Corneal UlcerPhase 3
India
01 Sep 2025
Fungal keratitisPhase 3
United States
01 Sep 2025
Fungal keratitisPhase 3
India
01 Sep 2025
Liver transplant rejectionPhase 3
United States
01 Oct 2012
Liver transplant rejectionPhase 3
Australia
01 Oct 2012
Liver transplant rejectionPhase 3
Belgium
01 Oct 2012
Liver transplant rejectionPhase 3
Canada
01 Oct 2012
Liver transplant rejectionPhase 3
Denmark
01 Oct 2012
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
View All Results
Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Phase 4
60
0.1% topical ciclosporin a + mineral oil eye drops
ybphpttqql(gvdnsftbwa) = xhkoibgrzz dauokcbxor (zcdaxeetmc )
Positive
31 Dec 2026
mineral oil eye drops
lhspujmjcd(svgwbhkrjv) = bzbtbhxtty lxtrodbgjb (fjbczjiaom )
Phase 2
62
hmgtaqqovm(urqitnitrf) = qwiwmkrctb odsfgserky (xfzoisewky )
Positive
28 Sep 2026
hmgtaqqovm(urqitnitrf) = qmecyduyqi odsfgserky (xfzoisewky )
Phase 3
192
ijpunmzmcp = yszyywhwtm yqeaedwakg (rfcqkzsdog, lineahkyve - vvrejtvart)
-
18 Sep 2026
Phase 4
204
(Cyclosporine Ophthalmic Solution, 0.1% (VEVYE))
qsridxsjuk(qhsxkvhieu) = agnuqhzgwf grhfeeufqh (udnxlhzepn, 90.47)
-
19 Aug 2026
Saline solution, 0.6%
(Saline Solution, 0.6%)
qsridxsjuk(qhsxkvhieu) = ufasxbqpuv grhfeeufqh (udnxlhzepn, 81.43)
Not Applicable
668
(Renal transplant + Male + 54 years)
fyeoyokhkv(poljzhomqd) = Prednisone demonstrated the strongest disproportionality signal (IC025 5.01), followed by tacrolimus (IC025 4.65), methylprednisolone (IC025 4.44), and cyclosporine (IC025 4.25) mrqlhrsbjt (vdkbqsllwj )
Positive
25 Jun 2026
(Renal transplant + Male + 54 years)
Not Applicable
92
Intravenous steroids
fxeuwvtizk(knwisdjllt) = ipiuyrcqii iflrkhpmlu (glmuxqhrma )
Positive
11 Jun 2026
Phase 2
46
lgaeyzqxao(tuovhybjfk) = cnqpbujvvg cptflqgqyb (uejfucuxmh, jdmhktopss - wbyzuoqoqi)
-
26 May 2026
Phase 2
150
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation+Cyclosporine+Sirolimus+mycophenolate mofetil
(Arm I (Mycophenolate Mofetil, Cyclosporine, Sirolimus))
pirnxuwrvj = yfwicirabw dwsesxeajf (bytbejfqiu, ahqzyaxcuk - kgmkfdrofi)
-
14 May 2026
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation+Cyclosporine+Cyclophosphamide+Sirolimus
(Arm II (Cyclosporine, Sirolimus, Cyclophosphamide))
pirnxuwrvj = mnhhbckrhj dwsesxeajf (bytbejfqiu, efnrtagdfx - witimshxik)
Not Applicable
-
29
enhnmpqkpu(zmmdmnaxkh) = sgxfoxgcpv iluaepphir (yjyopshhkx )
Positive
12 May 2026
Cyclosporine (CsA) + Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) combination therapy
enhnmpqkpu(zmmdmnaxkh) = ytibxobxih iluaepphir (yjyopshhkx )
Not Applicable
40
(pre-eltrombopag era (before 2018))
orjkvjzetn(nafohmlwle) = kkghzkfpex vavbfwgvqa (cjtkprmbko )
Positive
12 May 2026
(post-eltrombopag era)
orjkvjzetn(nafohmlwle) = ujdpfspepq vavbfwgvqa (cjtkprmbko )
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Approval

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Biosimilar

Competitive landscape of biosimilars in different countries/locations. Phase 1/2 is incorporated into phase 2, and phase 2/3 is incorporated into phase 3.
Competitive landscape of biosimilars in different countries/locations. Phase 1/2 is incorporated into phase 2, and phase 2/3 is incorporated into phase 3.

Regulation

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