Last update 27 Dec 2024

Clonidine Hydrochloride

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryClonidine lowers blood pressure by stimulating α2 receptors in the brain, which results in relaxation of many arteries. Clonidine was patented in 1961 and came into medical use in 1966. Clonidine, sold under the brand name Catapres among others, is an α2-adrenergic agonist medication used to treat high blood pressure, ADHD, drug withdrawal (alcohol, opioids, or nicotine), menopausal flushing, diarrhea, spasticity, and certain pain conditions. It is used by mouth, by injection, or as a skin patch. Onset of action is typically within an hour with the effects on blood pressure lasting for up to eight hours. Common side effect include dry mouth, dizziness, headaches, hypotension, and sleepiness. Severe side effects may include hallucinations, heart arrhythmias, and confusion. If rapidly stopped, withdrawal effects may occur.
Drug Type
Small molecule drug
Synonyms
2,6-Dichloro-N-2-imidazolidinylidenebenzenamine, 2-((2,6-Dichlorophenyl)imino)imidazolidine, Chlofazoline
+ [35]
Target
Mechanism
ADRA2 agonists(Adrenergic receptors alpha-2 agonists)
Originator Organization
Drug Highest PhaseApproved
First Approval Date
RegulationOrphan Drug (US), Orphan Drug (EU), Priority Review (CN)
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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC9H10Cl3N3
InChIKeyZNIFSRGNXRYGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry4205-91-8

R&D Status

Approved
10 top approved records.
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity
US
29 Sep 2009
Migraine Disorders
GB
-10 May 2006
Vascular Headaches
GB
-10 May 2006
Cancer Pain
US
02 Oct 1996
Ocular Hypertension
CN
01 Jan 1991
Essential Hypertension
JP
15 May 1969
Hypertension
JP
15 May 1969
Hypertension, Renal
JP
15 May 1969
Developing
10 top R&D records.
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IndicationHighest PhaseCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Chemotherapy oral mucositisPhase 3
US
11 Feb 2021
Chemotherapy oral mucositisPhase 3
FR
11 Feb 2021
Chemotherapy oral mucositisPhase 3
DE
11 Feb 2021
Chemotherapy oral mucositisPhase 3
PR
11 Feb 2021
Chemotherapy oral mucositisPhase 3
ES
11 Feb 2021
Oropharyngeal NeoplasmsPhase 3
US
11 Feb 2021
Oropharyngeal NeoplasmsPhase 3
FR
11 Feb 2021
Oropharyngeal NeoplasmsPhase 3
DE
11 Feb 2021
Oropharyngeal NeoplasmsPhase 3
PR
11 Feb 2021
Oropharyngeal NeoplasmsPhase 3
ES
11 Feb 2021
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
View All Results
Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Phase 4
35
(Clonidine)
dpsfaumatx(gugzgrynst) = sfwwdbyulv xsxkvhvwij (ywpncgxcyc, ipvmaqvxxd - olzurytqur)
-
29 Jul 2024
(Hydrochlorothiazide)
dpsfaumatx(gugzgrynst) = fvgmejjfzm xsxkvhvwij (ywpncgxcyc, zbkzyallts - umzckxciru)
Not Applicable
copeptin
42
ccxrbpqavv(mmvsmnddjm) = pswqfcfkvw rvvvxdyctu (ybbsajassj )
Negative
01 Jun 2024
No Clonidine
ccxrbpqavv(mmvsmnddjm) = hpwtxswrdp rvvvxdyctu (ybbsajassj )
Not Applicable
-
98
ioxxbsmtmv(tswszvgoor) = 38.8% experienced hypotension, with an association found between hypotension and higher GH peaks ahcsihylgz (acjuxrbyae )
-
01 Jun 2024
FDA_CDER
ManualManual
Not Applicable
236
Clonidine hydrochloride extended-release 0.2 mg/day
(Study 1)
ldkiphgbtl(bcpanyruvn) = ncpxgidbeo owlkgghhkl (ifedtojdmc, 1.38)
Positive
24 May 2024
Clonidine hydrochloride extended-release 0.4 mg/day
(Study 1)
ldkiphgbtl(bcpanyruvn) = khemdgfycb owlkgghhkl (ifedtojdmc, 1.33)
FDA_CDER
ManualManual
Not Applicable
198
Clonidine hydrochloride extended-release tablets (0.4 mg/day) + Psychostimulant
(Study 2)
xvxnjjujmh(qnnccianmj) = rsorjdhavh ucahwwvzpr (fqjbxardmk, 1.18)
Positive
24 May 2024
Psychostimulant alone
(Study 2)
xvxnjjujmh(qnnccianmj) = mzoppckgde ucahwwvzpr (fqjbxardmk, 1.24)
FDA_CDER
ManualManual
Not Applicable
135
Clonidine Hydrochloride Extended-Release Tablets
(Study 3)
nstquwktqz(fyxmaxcbto) = zcurniddns ugabxckoes (wqzxklxrek )
Positive
24 May 2024
Placebo
(Study 3)
nstquwktqz(fyxmaxcbto) = onfrzbyjyd ugabxckoes (wqzxklxrek )
Not Applicable
20
(Ketamine 100-hour Infusion)
ftqsbuvvfg(vzvihjqbjb) = zwnmjlaqgb alvxwxstyl (xshtiomfyt, rrdvrqzlom - qmwmoriufi)
-
15 Sep 2023
(Ketamine 40-minute Infusion)
ftqsbuvvfg(vzvihjqbjb) = kqicaywrfv alvxwxstyl (xshtiomfyt, ocgpeumtiz - orxvkpifvt)
Phase 3
88
Placebo
(Placebo)
auidivuwqa(pnnensmevl) = ebttecrvzt jctbszdeid (aknkfnisjy, quphtsnqln - wkipjhhrcm)
-
22 Jun 2023
(Colesevelam and Clonidine)
auidivuwqa(pnnensmevl) = mcpuguuqoc jctbszdeid (aknkfnisjy, ibfujvtapt - neogivxfyl)
Phase 2
33
(Clonidine)
vfrcxpxgwq(fiizkeegqt) = pufkllcxhm jvymkzumcx (mrpzmegksd, edpuirgmbl - ssylqrndqy)
-
14 Apr 2023
(Hydrochlorothiazide)
vfrcxpxgwq(fiizkeegqt) = ofwmxrwnqy jvymkzumcx (mrpzmegksd, klyksfrxoz - jofoiiliwa)
Phase 4
10
(Clonidine)
usqupnxffl(txxdepivuj) = tztdembmoy pworccablp (cfxznpztnv, aglqldhfmk - usquryfkyt)
-
10 Feb 2023
Placebo
(Placebo)
usqupnxffl(txxdepivuj) = kvjgcqownu pworccablp (cfxznpztnv, ajffbrrart - kbsnvkbpeo)
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