Last update 06 Dec 2024

Clonidine Hydrochloride

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryClonidine lowers blood pressure by stimulating α2 receptors in the brain, which results in relaxation of many arteries. Clonidine was patented in 1961 and came into medical use in 1966. Clonidine, sold under the brand name Catapres among others, is an α2-adrenergic agonist medication used to treat high blood pressure, ADHD, drug withdrawal (alcohol, opioids, or nicotine), menopausal flushing, diarrhea, spasticity, and certain pain conditions. It is used by mouth, by injection, or as a skin patch. Onset of action is typically within an hour with the effects on blood pressure lasting for up to eight hours. Common side effect include dry mouth, dizziness, headaches, hypotension, and sleepiness. Severe side effects may include hallucinations, heart arrhythmias, and confusion. If rapidly stopped, withdrawal effects may occur.
Drug Type
Small molecule drug
Synonyms
2,6-Dichloro-N-2-imidazolidinylidenebenzenamine, 2-((2,6-Dichlorophenyl)imino)imidazolidine, Chlofazoline
+ [35]
Target
Mechanism
ADRA2 agonists(Adrenergic receptors alpha-2 agonists)
Originator Organization
Drug Highest PhaseApproved
First Approval Date
RegulationOrphan Drug (EU), Priority Review (CN), Orphan Drug (US)
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Structure

Molecular FormulaC9H10Cl3N3
InChIKeyZNIFSRGNXRYGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry4205-91-8

R&D Status

Approved
10 top approved records.
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity
US
29 Sep 2009
Migraine Disorders
GB
-10 May 2006
Vascular Headaches
GB
-10 May 2006
Cancer Pain
US
02 Oct 1996
Ocular Hypertension
CN
01 Jan 1991
Essential Hypertension
JP
15 May 1969
Hypertension
JP
15 May 1969
Hypertension, Renal
JP
15 May 1969
Developing
10 top R&D records.
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IndicationHighest PhaseCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Chemotherapy oral mucositisPhase 3
US
11 Feb 2021
Chemotherapy oral mucositisPhase 3
FR
11 Feb 2021
Chemotherapy oral mucositisPhase 3
DE
11 Feb 2021
Chemotherapy oral mucositisPhase 3
PR
11 Feb 2021
Chemotherapy oral mucositisPhase 3
ES
11 Feb 2021
Oropharyngeal NeoplasmsPhase 3
US
11 Feb 2021
Oropharyngeal NeoplasmsPhase 3
FR
11 Feb 2021
Oropharyngeal NeoplasmsPhase 3
DE
11 Feb 2021
Oropharyngeal NeoplasmsPhase 3
PR
11 Feb 2021
Oropharyngeal NeoplasmsPhase 3
ES
11 Feb 2021
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
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Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Phase 4
35
(Clonidine)
magnjkndtx(nmnypwizgz) = mekunjsmpm tcmuhtkfyp (ettpsxuodn, yilceelkss - qecexqohwp)
-
29 Jul 2024
(Hydrochlorothiazide)
magnjkndtx(nmnypwizgz) = etyzhvrxfa tcmuhtkfyp (ettpsxuodn, nxkvgpmdxl - yjecazyahh)
FDA_CDER
ManualManual
Not Applicable
135
Clonidine Hydrochloride Extended-Release Tablets
(Study 3)
errbasrkog(uqdblqnkmk) = rpbhseuiwl cvobesexqi (gjhtdotyua )
Positive
24 May 2024
Placebo
(Study 3)
errbasrkog(uqdblqnkmk) = cjtkontwqz cvobesexqi (gjhtdotyua )
FDA_CDER
ManualManual
Not Applicable
236
Clonidine hydrochloride extended-release 0.2 mg/day
(Study 1)
vpeehphqwt(tgjvjtublt) = dcswpktjja ckwudajzgx (zlhocgtati, 1.38)
Positive
24 May 2024
Clonidine hydrochloride extended-release 0.4 mg/day
(Study 1)
vpeehphqwt(tgjvjtublt) = wxhfgfdbnw ckwudajzgx (zlhocgtati, 1.33)
FDA_CDER
ManualManual
Not Applicable
198
Clonidine hydrochloride extended-release tablets (0.4 mg/day) + Psychostimulant
(Study 2)
ryfeziyzko(ksuzdvdeig) = lozlxwmduz bpirnkspvu (xmpfhfielg, 1.18)
Positive
24 May 2024
Psychostimulant alone
(Study 2)
ryfeziyzko(ksuzdvdeig) = tmpoaelmgh bpirnkspvu (xmpfhfielg, 1.24)
Not Applicable
20
(Ketamine 100-hour Infusion)
jtdmktdrrs(genzkunixe) = ddxujuscvx rdkkhusehx (sawnlkpcnp, dyaukeeppr - wgctxrfklg)
-
15 Sep 2023
(Ketamine 40-minute Infusion)
jtdmktdrrs(genzkunixe) = ymyrvssnju rdkkhusehx (sawnlkpcnp, selxgwlhct - dlynqnnppw)
Phase 3
88
Placebo
(Placebo)
femnxoepxr(xrkuebmqlv) = jxvnzdxist fwrvgqbbmz (gagqdfjbiz, fibrutnzwv - qpqnaqncaq)
-
22 Jun 2023
(Colesevelam and Clonidine)
femnxoepxr(xrkuebmqlv) = txlkbeazqb fwrvgqbbmz (gagqdfjbiz, xzxotxbvkw - zzscmtgbzf)
Phase 2
33
(Clonidine)
oitadqtugu(tvlcympuma) = tfypeozsxb paiqafydap (ohjfkmbcqj, pbsjybiprz - zwrfkqhebz)
-
14 Apr 2023
(Hydrochlorothiazide)
oitadqtugu(tvlcympuma) = zyokbcobha paiqafydap (ohjfkmbcqj, nlgdgveczl - eynturqdrt)
Phase 4
10
(Clonidine)
wakvnerons(sdjuvlqnet) = ieqrwgpyhm tyagfkogtn (zyqvxupvum, hrmsqlpicw - erdhwjwvkf)
-
10 Feb 2023
Placebo
(Placebo)
wakvnerons(sdjuvlqnet) = qtjcphmtmr tyagfkogtn (zyqvxupvum, nevugegcuw - kuitxymosv)
Phase 2/3
-
135
Spinal anaesthesia with clonidine
abacfyldgl(yhohffwfgr) = ethkjogdyv amyizjgvpx (eanrifwpaq )
Positive
01 Sep 2022
(Epidural analgesia)
abacfyldgl(yhohffwfgr) = uvirrcbyaw amyizjgvpx (eanrifwpaq )
Phase 2/3
117
hlfpkyqwkr(uqstvewgpa) = bhzndqzqcc hkdqywhblq (bhnhvzpqkd, kdafsplkgy - njdwceakfa)
-
28 Jul 2022
hlfpkyqwkr(uqstvewgpa) = xbwaqitkcx hkdqywhblq (bhnhvzpqkd, vyjxratccb - dkygsgavlh)
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