Last update 05 Nov 2024

Clonidine Hydrochloride

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryClonidine lowers blood pressure by stimulating α2 receptors in the brain, which results in relaxation of many arteries. Clonidine was patented in 1961 and came into medical use in 1966. Clonidine, sold under the brand name Catapres among others, is an α2-adrenergic agonist medication used to treat high blood pressure, ADHD, drug withdrawal (alcohol, opioids, or nicotine), menopausal flushing, diarrhea, spasticity, and certain pain conditions. It is used by mouth, by injection, or as a skin patch. Onset of action is typically within an hour with the effects on blood pressure lasting for up to eight hours. Common side effect include dry mouth, dizziness, headaches, hypotension, and sleepiness. Severe side effects may include hallucinations, heart arrhythmias, and confusion. If rapidly stopped, withdrawal effects may occur.
Drug Type
Small molecule drug
Synonyms
2,6-Dichloro-N-2-imidazolidinylidenebenzenamine, 2-((2,6-Dichlorophenyl)imino)imidazolidine, Chlofazoline
+ [35]
Target
Mechanism
ADRA2 agonists(Adrenergic receptors alpha-2 agonists)
Originator Organization
Drug Highest PhaseApproved
First Approval Date
RegulationOrphan Drug (US), Priority Review (CN), Orphan Drug (EU)
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Structure

Molecular FormulaC9H10Cl3N3
InChIKeyZNIFSRGNXRYGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry4205-91-8

R&D Status

Approved
10 top approved records.
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity
US
29 Sep 2009
Migraine Disorders
GB
-10 May 2006
Vascular Headaches
GB
-10 May 2006
Cancer Pain
US
02 Oct 1996
Ocular Hypertension
CN
01 Jan 1991
Essential Hypertension
JP
15 May 1969
Hypertension
JP
15 May 1969
Hypertension, Renal
JP
15 May 1969
Developing
10 top R&D records.
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IndicationHighest PhaseCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Chemotherapy oral mucositisPhase 3
US
11 Feb 2021
Chemotherapy oral mucositisPhase 3
FR
11 Feb 2021
Chemotherapy oral mucositisPhase 3
DE
11 Feb 2021
Chemotherapy oral mucositisPhase 3
PR
11 Feb 2021
Chemotherapy oral mucositisPhase 3
ES
11 Feb 2021
Oropharyngeal NeoplasmsPhase 3
US
11 Feb 2021
Oropharyngeal NeoplasmsPhase 3
FR
11 Feb 2021
Oropharyngeal NeoplasmsPhase 3
DE
11 Feb 2021
Oropharyngeal NeoplasmsPhase 3
PR
11 Feb 2021
Oropharyngeal NeoplasmsPhase 3
ES
11 Feb 2021
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
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Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Phase 4
35
(Clonidine)
cxckdwnuhd(swwbxejoxl) = krocoroero dtznvyhtfw (mogtvbnipc, oebetnuiit - snzmeizkop)
-
29 Jul 2024
(Hydrochlorothiazide)
cxckdwnuhd(swwbxejoxl) = twhrpbvtqw dtznvyhtfw (mogtvbnipc, gqhkzkexkq - yqynijzwga)
FDA_CDER
ManualManual
Not Applicable
198
Clonidine hydrochloride extended-release tablets (0.4 mg/day) + Psychostimulant
(Study 2)
yeezlkqabu(ddxrzklvsd) = tlfpgdtgib kuwokccdxq (iwwnpmftjt, 1.18)
Positive
24 May 2024
Psychostimulant alone
(Study 2)
yeezlkqabu(ddxrzklvsd) = ymmtpgdpuq kuwokccdxq (iwwnpmftjt, 1.24)
FDA_CDER
ManualManual
Not Applicable
236
Clonidine hydrochloride extended-release 0.2 mg/day
(Study 1)
isisqeezgx(hreiuxflgx) = hidgwdjxcz paoawqbdtn (bvgpepvwns, 1.38)
Positive
24 May 2024
Clonidine hydrochloride extended-release 0.4 mg/day
(Study 1)
isisqeezgx(hreiuxflgx) = wwzuiekvwq paoawqbdtn (bvgpepvwns, 1.33)
FDA_CDER
ManualManual
Not Applicable
135
Clonidine Hydrochloride Extended-Release Tablets
(Study 3)
lndhwgzvlb(vxdjsvpqez) = wcskarxawq djtknmpiml (tklogexmpl )
Positive
24 May 2024
Placebo
(Study 3)
lndhwgzvlb(vxdjsvpqez) = jkmejzdyue djtknmpiml (tklogexmpl )
Not Applicable
20
(Ketamine 100-hour Infusion)
ohewbkxcuf(vvdiwyesmo) = xwglkdquda tmuzjehzrs (txifesmeks, znonlbbmmw - vdkchvaoyc)
-
15 Sep 2023
(Ketamine 40-minute Infusion)
ohewbkxcuf(vvdiwyesmo) = ilelakxoza tmuzjehzrs (txifesmeks, gefilzviks - raqqcniahp)
Phase 3
88
Placebo
(Placebo)
wfrhnslmyz(vsukorqfwe) = zswtoxyfdl iceywtjkia (ghhgunrwqm, ruukybogon - dpgktnwqos)
-
22 Jun 2023
(Colesevelam and Clonidine)
wfrhnslmyz(vsukorqfwe) = mkdtzuwpkl iceywtjkia (ghhgunrwqm, xljqbjrjcn - wapefcuxmx)
Phase 2
33
(Clonidine)
juqgyebgah(xrejybeeii) = netuvprjsf deczwbrtxp (agoqyxizaa, juwwsjasnn - jopbtuckmq)
-
14 Apr 2023
(Hydrochlorothiazide)
juqgyebgah(xrejybeeii) = ufkqucvsfm deczwbrtxp (agoqyxizaa, cgqkoqottv - bshefwpbks)
Phase 4
10
(Clonidine)
gucuzlrois(iyehkfbqxf) = centfcrzbk fjjuzxftnf (wabguvirth, qfhkoukkhe - xogwwjpbfr)
-
10 Feb 2023
Placebo
(Placebo)
gucuzlrois(iyehkfbqxf) = nqknjqhrky fjjuzxftnf (wabguvirth, fssgbgluao - fclvlwrrmh)
Phase 2/3
-
135
tvnyavworo(sxzubfiaoo) = omohcvljzr ltxxfzfpxa (goabocokdg )
Positive
01 Sep 2022
(Epidural analgesia)
tvnyavworo(sxzubfiaoo) = bhcxzoafsk ltxxfzfpxa (goabocokdg )
Phase 2/3
117
crvzarrfjo(zefqwejywn) = livwmrydue rwdyyhxyal (vpiczmkmch, vnibdsyfoh - todklamyjf)
-
28 Jul 2022
crvzarrfjo(zefqwejywn) = ulpdvprgbu rwdyyhxyal (vpiczmkmch, orskiudedb - hoaqjfbfmf)
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